Tag: 200-300

Intermittent induction of LEA peptide by lactose enhances the expression of insecticidal proteins in Bacillus thuringiensis was written by Akthar, Mahmuda;Shimokawa, Tomoko;Wu, Yinghan;Arita, Taichi;Mizuta, Kazuhiro;Isono, Yuria;Maeda, Minoru;Ikeno, Shinya. And the article was included in FEBS Open Bio in 2022.Recommanded Product: (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Cry toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been extensively applied in agriculture to substitute the use of chem. insecticides. We have previously reported the use of a coexpression system in which late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) peptides under the control of the lac promoter increase the expression of insecticidal proteins in Bt. The use of lactose to induce the expression of LEA peptides may be a desirable alternative to iso-Pr β-D-thiogalactopyranoside, the most frequently used inducer for recombinant protein expression. In this study we investigated the use of lactose as an inducer for optimal protein expression. We observed enhanced insecticidal Cry protein expression by applying a simple technique based on intermittent induction, and then optimized concentration and the point of induction time from the 11^th h to the 15^th h. Our data suggest that intermittent induction of lactose might be a new technique for the enhancement of bacterial protein expression. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Recommanded Product: (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Recommanded Product: (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

One-pot synthesis, structural characterization, UV-Vis and electrochemical analyses of new Schiff base complexes of Fe(III), Ni(II) and Cu(II) was written by Back, Davi Fernando;Manzoni de Oliveira, Gelson;Fontana, Liniquer Andre;Ramao, Brenda Fiorin;Roman, Daiane;Iglesias, Bernardo Almeida. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Structure in 2015.Application In Synthesis of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

[Ni(Pyr₂tetam-2H)]·2H₂O (1) (Pyr₂tetam = (pyridoxyl)₂-N¹,N⁴-triethylenetetramine), [Fe(Pyr₂tetam-2H)](ClO₄)·H₂O (2) and [Cu(Pyrtetam-H)](ClO₄) (3) (Pyrtetam = pyridoxyl-N¹-triethylenetetramine) were obtained through one pot reactions of triethylenetetramine, pyridoxal hydrochloride, triethylamine and the metal salts Ni(ClO₄)₂·6H₂O, Fe(ClO₄)₂·6H₂O and Cu(ClO₄)₂·6H₂O. In complexes 1 and 2 the metal centers present a distorted octahedral coordination, while complex 3 shows a square pyramidal configuration. The structures were characterized through x-ray diffractometry, IR and UV-visible spectra. Cyclic voltammograms of the title compounds are also presented and discussed. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Application In Synthesis of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Application In Synthesis of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Template synthesis and structure of Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) complexes with pyridoxilydenetaurinate Schiff base ligand was written by Guricova, Miroslava;Pizl, Martin;Smekal, Zdenek;Nadherny, Ladislav;Cejka, Jan;Eigner, Vaclav;Hoskovcova, Irena. And the article was included in Inorganica Chimica Acta in 2018.Application of 65-22-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Co(II), Ni(II), and Cu(II) complexes with a Schiff base ligand pyridoxylidenetaurinate (L^–) were prepared by a template reaction of pyridoxal (3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridine-4-carbaldehyde), taurine (2-aminoethane-1-sulfonic acid), and the corresponding metal acetate in water-ethanholdol solution Composition of the product was [ML₂(H₂O)₂] for all three central metals. Coordination geometry varied from weakly distorted octahedral (Co, Ni) to strongly distorted octahedral (Cu) with trans arrangement of both water mols. and imine N atoms. Each bidentate ligand formed one chelate ring via imine N and phenolic O donor atoms. The complexes were characterized by elemental anal., FTIR spectroscopy, and XRD crystal and powder analyses. All complexes crystallize in monoclinic system with space group P2₁/c. IR spectra of the complexes showed changes typical for Schiff base coordination, comparing with IR spectrum of the ligand. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Application of 65-22-5).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Application of 65-22-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Characterization of flavin binding in oxygen-independent fluorescent reporters was written by Anderson, Nolan T.;Weyant, Kevin B.;Mukherjee, Arnab. And the article was included in AIChE Journal in 2020.SDS of cas: 65-22-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Fluorescent proteins based on light, oxygen, and voltage (LOV) sensing photoreceptors are among the few reporter gene technologies available for studying living systems in oxygen-free environments that render reporters based on the green fluorescent protein nonfluorescent. LOV reporters develop fluorescence by binding FMN (FMN), which they endogenously obtain from cells. As FMN is essential to cell physiol. as well as for determining fluorescence in LOV proteins, it is important to be able to study and characterize flavin binding in LOV reporters. To this end, we report a method for reversibly separating FMN from two commonly used LOV reporters to prepare stable and soluble apoproteins. Using fluorescence titration, we measured the equilibrium dissociation constant for binding with all three cellular flavins: FMN, FAD, and riboflavin. Finally, we exploit the riboflavin affinity of apo LOV reporters, identified in this work, to develop a fluorescence turn-on biosensor for vitamin B2. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5SDS of cas: 65-22-5).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.SDS of cas: 65-22-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Optogenetic reprogramming of carbon metabolism using light-powering microbial proton pump systems was written by Toya, Yoshihiro;Hirono-Hara, Yoko;Hirayama, Hidenobu;Kamata, Kentaro;Tanaka, Ryo;Sano, Mikoto;Kitamura, Sayaka;Otsuka, Kensuke;Abe-Yoshizumi, Rei;Tsunoda, Satoshi P.;Kikukawa, Hiroshi;Kandori, Hideki;Shimizu, Hiroshi;Matsuda, Fumio;Ishii, Jun;Hara, Kiyotaka Y.. And the article was included in Metabolic Engineering in 2022.Computed Properties of C9H18O5S The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In microbial fermentative production, ATP regeneration, while crucial for cellular processes, conflicts with efficient target chem. production because ATP regeneration exhausts essential carbon sources also required for target chem. biosynthesis. To wrestle with this dilemma, we harnessed the power of microbial rhodopsins with light-driven proton pumping activity to supplement with ATP, thereby facilitating the bioprodn. of various chems. We first demonstrated a photo-driven ATP supply and redistribution of metabolic carbon flows to target chem. synthesis by installing already-known delta rhodopsin (dR) in Escherichia coli. In addition, we identified novel rhodopsins with higher proton pumping activities than dR, and created an engineered cell for in vivo self-supply of the rhodopsin-activator, all-trans-retinal. Our concept exploiting the light-powering ATP supplier offers a potential increase in carbon use efficiency for microbial productions through metabolic reprogramming. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Computed Properties of C9H18O5S).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Computed Properties of C9H18O5S

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Coordination mode and reactivity of nickel(II) with vitamin B₆ was written by Chylewska, Agnieszka;Ogryzek, Malgorzata;Halasa, Rafal;Dabrowska, Aleksandra;Chmurzynski, Lech;Makowski, Mariusz. And the article was included in Journal of Coordination Chemistry in 2014.Safety of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride The following contents are mentioned in the article:

This contribution presents a selection of results obtained using spectrophotometric and potentiometric titrations For several reasons, the studied equilibrium present particular challenges to traditional anal. techniques. Equilibrium constants and UV-visible absorption spectra for different ligands in the complexation process of Ni(II) with pyridoxamine (pm), pyridoxal (pl) and pyridoxine are reported. The gradual and cumulative stability constants occurring in aqueous solution are presented for all complexes studied. Addnl., crystal-field parameters were calculated for two nickel(II) complexes synthesized, [Ni(pm)₂]Cl₂ (1) and [Ni(pl)₂]Cl₂ (2), resp. The min. inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal/fungicidal concentration values for Ni(II) complexes studied were obtained at 25° for 24-48 h. The activity data show that the complexes are more potent antimicrobials than the parent ligands. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5Safety of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride).

3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride (cas: 65-22-5) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Safety of 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylisonicotinaldehyde hydrochloride

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Structural basis of transcriptional regulation by a nascent RNA element, HK022 putRNA was written by Hwang, Seungha;Olinares, Paul Dominic B.;Lee, Jimin;Kim, Jinwoo;Chait, Brian T.;King, Rodney A.;Kang, Jin Young. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2022.Quality Control of (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Transcription, in which RNA polymerases (RNAPs) produce RNA from DNA, is the first step of gene expression. As such, it is highly regulated either by trans-elements like protein factors and/or by cis-elements like specific sequences on the DNA. Lambdoid phage HK022 contains a cis-element, put, which suppresses pausing and termination during transcription of the early phage genes. The putRNA transcript solely performs the anti-pausing/termination activities by interacting directly with the E.coli RNAP elongation complex (EC) by an unknown structural mechanism. In this study, we reconstituted putRNA-associated ECs and determined the structures using cryo-electron microscopy. The determined structures of putRNA-associated EC, putRNA-absent EC, and σ70-bound EC suggest that the putRNA interaction with the EC counteracts swiveling, a conformational change previously identified to promote pausing and σ70 might modulate putRNA folding via σ70-dependent pausing during elongation. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1Quality Control of (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol).

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol (cas: 367-93-1) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Quality Control of (2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(isopropylthio)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A simple method for predicting the gas-chromatographic retention indices of phenolic derivatives was written by Pouretedal, Hamid Reza;Jafari, Mohammad. And the article was included in Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society.COA of Formula: C13H12O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A simple approach is proposed to predict the gas-chromatog. retention indexes in nonpolar columns for a wide range of phenolic derivatives, through their mol. structures and independent of temperature data and active phase of column. The new model is based on the number of atoms and some structural moieties which depend on intra- and intermol. interactions. The present method can be easily applied for many kinds of phenolic compounds containing different substituents without using special computer codes, which need expert users. A big pool of the exptl. data (335 compounds) of retention indexes is used to construct the new model (80% for training set and 20% for test set). Different statistical parameters including the coefficient of determination, R2 (= 0.9482), root mean squared error, RMSE (= 89.01), and mean absolute percent error, MAPE (= 4.494), are used to investigate the reliability of the model, through both internal and external validation techniques. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8COA of Formula: C13H12O2).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.COA of Formula: C13H12O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Hollow fiber membrane-protected amino/hydroxyl bifunctional microporous organic network fiber for solid-phase microextraction of bisphenols A, F, S, and triclosan in breast milk and infant formula was written by Li, Shihuan;Feng, Senwei;Van Schepdael, Ann;Wang, Xu. And the article was included in Food Chemistry in 2022.Recommanded Product: 620-92-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Bisphenols and triclosan have been used in various products, and exposure to these chems. may affect human health. The present study proposes a sensitive method for the determination of bisphenols A, F, S, and triclosan. The fiber was coated by amino/hydroxyl bifunctional microporous organic network and protected by polyvinylidene fluoride hollow fiber membrane for direct immersion solid phase microextraction The limit of detection was 0.005μg/L (μg/kg), and the recoveries were in the range of 76.7% to 107.5% (87.4% to 107.6%) for breast milk (infant formula), with intra-day and inter-day precisions <10.5% (7.3%) and 13.6% (8.4%), resp. Fiber-to-fiber reproducibility of < 9.5% and a lifespan of >100 cycles were obtained. The 95th percentile estimated daily intake of total bisphenols was close to temporary tolerable daily intake for infants fed by human milk, which highlighted the needs for further attention on human exposure to BPA and its substitutes. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8Recommanded Product: 620-92-8).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Recommanded Product: 620-92-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

BPA and its analogs increase oxidative stress levels in in vitro cultured granulosa cells by altering anti-oxidant enzymes expression was written by Sabry, R.;Nguyen, M.;Younes, S.;Favetta, L. A.. And the article was included in Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology in 2022.Formula: C13H12O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Bisphenol A is a widespread endocrine disruptor with numerous effects on reproductive functions. Limitations on BPA in manufacturing has prompted the use of analogs, such as BPS and BPF, with limited research on their safety. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of BPA and its analogs on oxidative stress levels within bovine granulosa cells and to measure the expression of key antioxidant genes. Results indicate that BPA and BPF reduce cell viability and induce mitochondrial dysfunction and all three bisphenols increased production of reactive oxygen species as early as 12h post exposure. BPA increased the levels of antioxidants at 12h at the mRNA and protein levels, while these results were not significant at 48h. These results together suggest that BPA and its analogs can induce oxidative stress within bovine granulosa cells, although not necessarily through common mechanisms. Therefore, the use of BPA analogs may have to be re-considered. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8Formula: C13H12O2).

4,4′-Methylenediphenol (cas: 620-92-8) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Formula: C13H12O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts