Tag: 200-300

A comprehensive chemical profiling of phytochemicals from Trachyspermum ammi and encapsulation for sustained release was written by Dutta, Shuvajit;Kundu, Aditi;Dutta, Anirban;Saha, Supradip;Banerjee, Kaushik. And the article was included in LWT–Food Science and Technology in 2021.Formula: C14H12O4 This article mentions the following:

Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague, commonly called ‘Ajwain’ has been exploited for its huge ethonopharmacol. properties. Inspite of being extensively investigated, comprehensive studies on value addition for product development are lacking. Efforts have been made to identify suitable extraction technique for maximum extraction without hampering antioxidant potential. Effects of extraction techniques, conventional solid liquid extraction (CSLE), high speed homogenization extraction (HHE), ultra-sound assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave assisted extraction (MAE) on extraction yield, total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activities were assessed. The study revealed highest extraction yield with methanol (100%) using MAE. However, the highest TPC (1860 ± 31.2 mg GAE 100g DW^-1) achieved extraction with methanol (100%) using UAE for 20.0 min. DPPH and ABTS assays showed excellent radical scavenging potential of methanolic concentrate with EC50 43.6 and 96.2, with reducing powder 157 Trolox Equivalent (μgmL^-1) in CUPRAC assay, resp. UPLC-QToF-ESI-MS anal. revealed putative characterization of thirty-seven phytochems. Rosmarinyl-3-O-glucoside (R₃Og) was isolated and characterized spectroscopically. Finally, R₃Og was encapsulated within WPI by heat gelation, characterized by FT-IR and SEM. Kinetics study of apparently pH independent release behavior of R₃Og from the WPI matrix suggested that the release was controlled by rapid relaxation of WPI aggregates and dominated at highly acidic pH. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Formula: C14H12O4).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Formula: C14H12O4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Discovery of N-(4-Fluoro-3-methoxybenzyl)-6-(2-(((2S,5R)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-1,4-dioxan-2-yl)methyl)-2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-2-methylpyrimidine-4-carboxamide. A Highly Selective and Orally Bioavailable Matrix Metalloproteinase-13 Inhibitor for the Potential Treatment of Osteoarthritis was written by Ruminski, Peter G.;Massa, Mark;Strohbach, Joseph;Hanau, Cathleen E.;Schmidt, Michelle;Scholten, Jeffrey A.;Fletcher, Theresa R.;Hamper, Bruce C.;Carroll, Jeffery N.;Shieh, Huey S.;Caspers, Nicole;Collins, Brandon;Grapperhaus, Margaret;Palmquist, Katherine E.;Collins, Joe;Baldus, John E.;Hitchcock, Jeffrey;Kleine, H. Peter;Rogers, Michael D.;McDonald, Joseph;Munie, Grace E.;Messing, Dean M.;Portolan, Silvia;Whiteley, Laurence O.;Sunyer, Teresa;Schnute, Mark E.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2016.Recommanded Product: 223131-01-9 This article mentions the following:

Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) is a zinc-dependent protease responsible for the cleavage of type II collagen, the major structural protein of articular cartilage. Degradation of this cartilage matrix leads to the development of osteoarthritis. We previously have described highly potent and selective carboxylic acid containing MMP-13 inhibitors; however, nephrotoxicity in preclin. toxicol. species precluded development. The accumulation of compound in the kidneys mediated by human organic anion transporter 3 (hOAT3) was hypothesized as a contributing factor for the finding. Herein we report our efforts to optimize the MMP-13 potency and pharmacokinetic properties of non-carboxylic acid leads resulting in the identification of compound 43a lacking the previously observed preclin. toxicol. at comparable exposures. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (cis-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 223131-01-9Recommanded Product: 223131-01-9).

tert-Butyl (cis-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 223131-01-9) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Recommanded Product: 223131-01-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Redox reactions of small organic molecules using ball milling and piezoelectric materials was written by Kubota, Koji;Pang, Yadong;Miura, Akira;Ito, Hajime. And the article was included in Science (Washington, DC, United States) in 2019.Recommanded Product: 68716-49-4 This article mentions the following:

Over the past decade, photoredox catalysis has harnessed light energy to accelerate bond-forming reactions. We postulated that a complementary method for the redox-activation of small organic mols. in response to applied mech. energy could be developed through the piezoelec. effect. Here, we report that agitation of piezoelec. materials via ball milling reduces aryl diazonium salts. This mechanoredox system can be applied to arylation and borylation reactions under mechanochem. conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Recommanded Product: 68716-49-4).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Recommanded Product: 68716-49-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A Redox Strategy for Light-Driven, Out-of-Equilibrium Isomerizations and Application to Catalytic C-C Bond Cleavage Reactions was written by Ota, Eisuke;Wang, Huaiju;Frye, Nils Lennart;Knowles, Robert R.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2019.Safety of tert-Butyl (trans-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate This article mentions the following:

We report a general protocol for the light-driven isomerization of cyclic aliphatic alcs. to linear carbonyl compounds These reactions proceed via proton-coupled electron-transfer activation of alc. O-H bonds followed by subsequent C-C β-scission of the resulting alkoxy radical intermediates. In many cases, these redox-neutral isomerizations proceed in opposition to a significant energetic gradient, yielding products that are less thermodynamically stable than the starting materials. A mechanism is presented to rationalize this out-of-equilibrium behavior that may serve as a model for the design of other contrathermodynamic transformations driven by excited-state redox events. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (trans-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 121282-70-0Safety of tert-Butyl (trans-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate).

tert-Butyl (trans-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 121282-70-0) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Safety of tert-Butyl (trans-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Development of a metal/chelate polyhydroxyethylmethacrylate monolith capillary for selective depletion of immunoglobulin G from human plasma for proteomics was written by Khaparde, Ashish;Vijayalakshmi, M. A.;Tetala, Kishore K. R.. And the article was included in Journal of Chromatography A in 2017.Recommanded Product: Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate This article mentions the following:

The authors report the development of a new poly HEMA (HEMA-co-DEGDA-co-DATD) monolith capillary functionalized with “IDA-Cu(II) complex”. Of the two tested crosslinkers (methylene bisacrylamide (MBAAm) and diethylene glycol diacrylate (DEGDA)), the presence of DEGDA has enhanced the monolith rigidity. Structural assembly of these monoliths are organized with highly interconnected large globule like structures and dominated by a macropore region. Iminodiacetic acid (IDA) immobilization was performed using two chem. approaches (1. aldehyde-secondary amine reaction and 2. epoxy-secondary amine reaction). FTIR anal. confirmed successful IDA immobilization in both cases. For the first time, a reaction of secondary amine ligand with aldehyde functional material was successfully reported. Overall, the Cu(II)-IDA monolith capillary showed good permeability (3.05 × 10 ^-13 m²), high IgG adsorption capacity and reusability even after 5 consecutive adsorption-desorption cycles. The amount of protein (IgG/HSA) adsorbed on Cu(II)-IDA monolith prepared via the two chemistries is almost similar. Using this affinity monolith capillary, the authors selectively depleted ∼95% of IgG from human plasma (dilution of 1:16). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Recommanded Product: Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Recommanded Product: Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Piceatannol ameliorates behavioural, biochemical and histological aspects in cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy in rats was written by Wahdan, Sara A.;Elsherbiny, Doaa A.;Azab, Samar S.;El-Demerdash, Ebtehal. And the article was included in Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology in 2021.Formula: C14H12O4 This article mentions the following:

Peripheral neurotoxicity is a dose-limiting and a potentially lifelong persistent toxicity of cisplatin. This study investigated the possible protective effect of piceatannol (PIC) in a model of cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy in rats. PIC (10 mg/kg, i.p.) was given for 7 days, starting 2 days before cisplatin single injection (7 mg/kg, i.p.). Behavioral, biochem. and histol. examinations were conducted. Cisplatin administration resulted in thermal hypoalgesia evidenced by increased paw and tail withdrawal latency times in the hotplate and tail flick tests, resp., and reduced the abdominal constrictions in response to the acetic acid injection. Moreover, cisplatin treatment decreased rat locomotor activity and grip strength. These behavioral alterations were reversed by PIC coadministration. In addition, PIC decreased cisplatin-induced elevation in serum neurotensin and platinum accumulation in sciatic nerve. Also, PIC reversed, to a large extent, cisplatin-induced microscopical alterations in nerve axons and restored normal myelin thickness. Therefore, PIC may protect against cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Formula: C14H12O4).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Formula: C14H12O4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ni-Catalyzed Formal Cross-Electrophile Coupling of Alcohols with Aryl Halides was written by Lin, Quan;Ma, Guobin;Gong, Hegui. And the article was included in ACS Catalysis in 2021.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

A strategy building upon in-situ halogenation/reductive coupling of alcs. with aryl halides to forge Csp²-Csp³ bonds was demonstrated. The combination of 2-chloro-3-ethylbenzo[d]oxazol-3-ium salt (CEBO) and TBAB as the mild bromination reagents enabled rapid transformation of a wide range of alcs. to their bromide counterparts within one to 5 min in CH₃CN and DMF, which was compatible with the Ni-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling conditions in the presence of a chem. reductant. The method is suitable for arylation of a myriad of structurally complex alcs. with no need for prepreparation of alkyl halides. More importantly, the mild and kinetically rapid bromination process showed good selectivity in the bromination/arylation of sym. diols and less sterically hindered hydroxyl groups in polyols, thus offering promise for selective functionalization of diols and polyols without laborious protecting/deprotecting operations. The practicality of this work was also evident in the arylation of a number of carbohydrates, drug compounds, and naturally occurring alcs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Identification and characterisation of bioactive compounds from the seed kernels and hulls of Paeonia lactiflora Pall by UPLC-QTOF-MS was written by Nie, Rong;Zhang, Yiren;Jin, Qingzhe;Zhang, Shuang;Wu, Gangcheng;Chen, Li;Zhang, Hui;Wang, Xingguo. And the article was included in Food Research International in 2021.Reference of 10083-24-6 This article mentions the following:

The seed kernels and hulls of Paeonia lactiflora Pall.(Chinese peony) contain numerous bioactive compounds We extracted monoterpene glycosides and oligostilbenes from three varieties of P. lactiflora seed kernels and hulls, and analyzed the bioactive compounds in these samples. The results indicated that seed kernels contained significant concentrations of monoterpene glycosides, while seed hulls contained high concentrations of oligostilbene compounds The profiles of monoterpene glycosides and oligostilbene compounds in extracts were significantly dependent on the P. lactiflora variety. Ultra-performance liquid chromatog.-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and reference to literature data enabled 96 compounds to be tentatively characterised, including 24 monoterpene glycosides, 16 oligostilbene compounds, and several phenolic compounds, iridoid glycosides, diterpenoids and triterpenoids. This is the first study to find most of these compounds in P. lactiflora seed kernels and hulls. Paeoniflorin (1779.61 ± 10.33 mg/100 g) was the predominant monoterpene glycoside in seed kernels, while hulls had the highest concentrations of sufruticosol A (791.93 ± 25.09 mg/100 g) and trans-ε-viniferin (607.4 ± 16.22 mg/100 g). All of the results confirmed that P. lactiflora seed kernels and hulls contain substantial concentrations of natural products. These products may be useful as medicines or as ingredients in functional foods. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Reference of 10083-24-6).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Reference of 10083-24-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Allergic contact dermatitis caused by dipropylene glycol diacrylate in the Omnipod insulin pump was written by Ulriksdotter, J.;Svedman, C.;Bruze, M.;Mowitz, M.. And the article was included in British Journal of Dermatology in 2022.Product Details of 4074-88-8 This article mentions the following:

Cases of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) caused by isobornyl acrylate (IBOA) in the Omnipod insulin pump have previously been reported. To present three cases of patients with ACD caused by a new allergen in the pump, and results from chem. analyses. Omnipod pumps from different batches were analyzed by gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry. Aimed testing, with the department’s medical device (MD) series and substances identified in the pump including dipropylene glycol diacrylate (DPGDA) at 0·01% and 0·1% in petrolatum (pet.), was performed. Patch testing also included extracts from the device, the adhesive patch as is, and allergens from baseline series. All patients tested pos. to 0·1% DPGDA in pet., and two patients addnl. to a 0·01% concentration DPGDA was found in extracts of the Omnipod pumps brought by the patients. An Omnipod pump from an earlier batch contained tripropylene glycol diacrylate, IBOA, N,N-dimethylacrylamide, di(ethylene glycol)ethyl ether acrylate (DEGEA) but no DPGDA. One of the patients reacted pos. to all of these allergens except DEGEA, which was not tested. When suspecting ACD to MDs, DPGDA at 0·1% in pet. should be tested. The contents of Omnipod have changed over time. Patch testing with updated test series and relevance assessment of pos. reactions is a delicate task. Children, with lifelong use of MDs, risk contracting many allergies with potential cross-allergies. A question should be raised as to whether these low mol. weight acrylates should be used at all in devices constantly worn on the skin. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Product Details of 4074-88-8).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Product Details of 4074-88-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of Sialyl Lewis X Mimetics and Related Structures Using the Glycosyl Phosphite Methodology and Evaluation of E-Selectin Inhibition was written by Lin, Chun-Cheng;Shimazaki, Makoto;Heck, Marie-Pierre;Aoki, Shin;Wang, Ruo;Kimura, Teiji;Ritzen, Helena;Takayama, Shuichi;Wu, Shih-Hsiung. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1996.Name: tert-Butyl ((1R,2R)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate This article mentions the following:

This paper describes our recent study of glycosyl phosphites for glycosylation reactions, with particular emphasis on the investigation of protecting group and stereochem. effects on the anomeric reactivity and stereoselectivity, and the application of this methodol. to the synthesis of Lewis X (Le^x), Lewis Y (Le^y), glycopeptide, and sialyl Lewis X (SLe^x) mimetics. Both α-O-fucosyl-L-threonine and α-O-fucosyl-(1R,2R)-2-aminocyclohexanol were found to be effective templates for the chem./enzymic synthesis of SLe^x mimetics, and some fucopeptides prepared were 5-10 times more active than SLe^x as inhibitors of E-selectin. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl ((1R,2R)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 155975-19-2Name: tert-Butyl ((1R,2R)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate).

tert-Butyl ((1R,2R)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 155975-19-2) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Name: tert-Butyl ((1R,2R)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts