Tag: 200-300

Molecular mechanisms for pH-mediated amelioration of aluminum-toxicity revealed by conjoint analysis of transcriptome and metabolome in Citrus sinensis roots was written by Wu, Bi-Sha;Zhang, Jiang;Huang, Wei-Lin;Yang, Lin-Tong;Huang, Zeng-Rong;Guo, Jiuxin;Wu, Jincheng;Chen, Li-Song. And the article was included in Chemosphere in 2022.SDS of cas: 10083-24-6 This article mentions the following:

Little is known about the effects of pH-aluminum (Al) interactions on gene expression and/or metabolite profiles in plants. Eleven-week-old seedlings of Citrus sinensis were fertilized with nutrient solution at an Al level of 0 or 1 mM and a pH of 3.0 or 4.0 for 18 wk. Increased pH mitigated Al-toxicity-induced accumulation of callose, an Al-sensitive marker. In this study, we identified more differentially expressed genes and differentially abundant metabolites in pH 4.0 + 1 mM Al-treated roots (P4AR) vs pH 4.0 + 0 mM Al-treated roots (P4R) than in pH 3.0 + 1 mM Al-treated roots (P3AR) vs pH 3.0 + 0 mM Al-treated roots (P3R), suggesting that increased pH enhanced root metabolic adaptations to Al-toxicity. Further anal. indicated that increased pH-mediated mitigation of root Al-toxicity might be related to several factors, including: enhanced capacity to maintain the homeostasis of phosphate and energy and the balance between generation and scavenging of reactive oxygen species and aldehydes; and elevated accumulation of secondary metabolites such as polyphenol, proanthocyanidins and phenolamides and adaptations of cell wall and plasma membrane to Al-toxicity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6SDS of cas: 10083-24-6).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.SDS of cas: 10083-24-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Enzyme-triggered- and tumor-targeted delivery with tunable, methacrylated poly(ethylene glycols) and hyaluronic acid hybrid nanogels was written by Liwinska, Wioletta;Waleka-Bagiel, Ewelina;Stojek, Zbigniew;Karbarz, Marcin;Zabost, Ewelina. And the article was included in Drug Delivery in 2022.Recommanded Product: Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate This article mentions the following:

Enzyme-responsive polymeric-based nanostructures are potential candidates for serving as key materials in targeted drug delivery carriers. However, the major risk in their prolonged application is fast disassembling of the short-lived polymeric-based structures. Another disadvantage is the limited accessibility of the enzyme to the moieties that are located inside the network. Here, we report on a modified environmentally responsive and enzymically cleavable nanogel carrier that contains a hybrid network. A properly adjusted volume phase transition (VPT) temperature allowed independent shrinking of (a) poly(ethylene glycol) Me ether methacrylate (OEGMA) with di(ethylene glycol) and (b) Me ether methacrylate (MEO₂MA) part of the network, and the exposition of hyaluronic acid methacrylate (MeHa) network based carboxylic groups for its targeted action with the cellular based receptors. This effect was substantial after raising temperature in typical hyperthermia-based treatment therapies. Addnl., novel tunable NGs gained an opportunity to store- and to efficient-enzyme-triggered release relatively low but highly therapeutic doses of doxorubicin (DOX) and mitoxantrone (MTX). The controlled enzymic degradation of NGs could be enhanced by introducing more hyaluronidase enzyme (HAdase), that is usually overexpressed in cancer environments. MTT assay results revealed effective cytotoxic activity of the NGs against the human MCF-7 breast cancer cells, the A278 ovarian cancer cells and also cytocompatibility against the MCF-10A and HOF healthy cells. The obtained tunable, hybrid network NGs might be used as a useful platform for programmed delivery of other pharmaceuticals and diagnostics in therapeutic applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Recommanded Product: Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Recommanded Product: Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Catalytic Enantioselective Synthesis of β-Allenyl Boronic Esters by Conjunctive Cross-Coupling with Propargylic Carbonates was written by Aparece, Mark D.;Hu, Weipeng;Morken, James P.. And the article was included in ACS Catalysis in 2019.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Enantioselective conjunctive cross-coupling of lithium pinacolborates Li[RB(CH:CH₂)pin] with propargylic carbonates R¹CCCR²₂OCO₂Me affords chiral β-boryl allenes RCH(OH)CH₂CR¹:C:CR²₂ after oxidative workup as the reaction product. The reaction is found to proceed through the intermediacy of dimethoxyboronate complexes that are generated in situ by a strain-induced ligand exchange reaction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Cowpea NAC Transcription Factors Positively Regulate Cellular Stress Response and Balance Energy Metabolism in Yeast via Reprogramming of Biosynthetic Pathways was written by Srivastava, Richa;Sahoo, Lingaraj. And the article was included in ACS Synthetic Biology in 2021.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Yeast is a dominant host for recombinant production of heterologous proteins, high-value biochem. compounds, and microbial fermentation During bioprocess operations, pH fluctuations, organic solvents, drying, starvation, osmotic pressure, and often a combination of these stresses cause growth inhibition or death, markedly limiting its industrial use. Thus, stress-tolerant yeast strains with balanced energy-bioenergetics are highly desirous for sustainable improvement of quality biotechnol. production We isolated two NAC transcription factors (TFs), VuNAC1 and VuNAC2, from a wild cowpea genotype, improving both stress tolerance and growth when expressed in yeast. The GFP-fused proteins were localized to the nucleus. Y2H and reporter assay demonstrated the dimerization and transactivation abilities of the VuNAC proteins having structural folds similar to rice SNAC1. The gel-shift assay indicated that the TFs recognize an “ATGCGTG” motif for DNA-binding shared by several native TFs in yeast. The heterologous expression of VuNAC1/2 in yeast improved growth, biomass, lifespan, fermentation efficiency, and altered cellular composition of biomols. The transgenic strains conferred tolerance to multiple stresses such as high salinity, osmotic stress, freezing, and aluminum toxicity. Anal. of the metabolome revealed reprogramming of major pathways synthesizing nucleotides, vitamin B complex, amino acids, antioxidants, flavonoids, and other energy currencies and cofactors. Consequently, the transcriptional tuning of stress signaling and biomol. metabolism improved the survival of the transgenic strains during starvation and stress recovery. VuNAC1/2-based synthetic gene expression control may contribute to designing robust industrial yeast strains with value-added productivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Facile design of degradable poly(β-thioester)s with tunable structure and functionality was written by Zaquen, Neomy;Wenn, Benjamin;Ranieri, Kayte;Vandenbergh, Joke;Junkers, Tanja. And the article was included in Journal of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry in 2014.Computed Properties of C10H14O5 This article mentions the following:

The synthesis of a range of linear biodegradable poly(β-thioester)s, PBTs, via hexylamine-catalyzed thiol-ene Micheal additions between a variety of diacrylate and dithiol monomers is described. Mol. weights up to 12,000 g mol^-1 are obtained for this new class of polymer materials. PBTs featuring very different chem. and mech. behavior are obtained on the basis of seven diacrylate and three dithiol monomers. Polar PBTs are synthesized based on ethylene glycol-containing monomers in an environmentally friendly solvent. Furthermore, PBTs containing urethane units in the main chain are obtained, providing access to an isocyanate-free polyurethane polymerization method. The thiol-ene addition approach can also be used to couple polystyrene oligomers synthesized from a bifunctional trithiocarbonate reversible addition fragmentation transfer agent. In this way, PBTs featuring polystyrene segments as well as diacrylate segments are produced. In general for these step-growth polymerizations, by tuning the stoichiometric monomer ratio, a desired end group functionality can be quant. introduced into the PBT, which is demonstrated via soft ionization mass spectrometry anal. As an example, alkyne end groups have been built in, giving access to use these materials in modular polymer design strategies. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2014. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Computed Properties of C10H14O5).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Computed Properties of C10H14O5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Conformationally restricted indolopiperidine derivatives as potent CCR2B receptor antagonists was written by Witherington, J.;Bordas, V.;Cooper, D. G.;Forbes, I. T.;Gribble, A. D.;Ife, R. J.;Berkhout, T.;Gohil, J.;Groot, P. H. E.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2001.Electric Literature of C12H23NO3 This article mentions the following:

The preparation and biol. evaluation of a series of indolopiperidine CCR2B receptor antagonists possessing a conformationally restricted C-5 linker chain in combination with a restricted piperidine ring are described. Compared to the parent compound, the analog I shows a dramatic improvement in selectivity against a range of 5-HT and dopaminergic receptors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (cis-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 223131-01-9Electric Literature of C12H23NO3).

tert-Butyl (cis-4-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 223131-01-9) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Electric Literature of C12H23NO3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis and characterization of hydrogels containing redox-responsive 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyloxy methacrylate and thermoresponsive N-isopropylacrylamide was written by Khodeir, Miriam;Jia, He;Antoun, Sayed;Friebe, Christian;Schubert, Ulrich S.;Lu, Yan;Van Ruymbeke, Evelyne;Gohy, Jean-Francois. And the article was included in Journal of Polymer Science (Hoboken, NJ, United States) in 2020.Electric Literature of C10H14O5 This article mentions the following:

Smart hydrogels containing 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinoxy methacrylate (TEMPO) and N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) that undergo reversible redox behavior are prepared and investigated. Several polymer networks are first prepared by free-radical copolymerization of varying amounts of TEMPO, NIPAM, and a crosslinker (diethylene glycol diacrylate) and subsequently swelled with water to lead to hydrogels. In order to investigate the effects of the redox activity of TEMPO units and of the lower critical solution temperature of NIPAM on the hydrogel properties, a study of the swelling ratio of the polymer networks in distilled water at different temperatures is performed for the two forms of TEMPO, the reduced (TEMPO) and oxidized (TEMPO+) one. Moreover, the rheol. properties are also measured for both hydrogel forms. Finally, the encapsulation abilities of the oxidized hydrogels are demonstrated via electrostatic interactions between pos. charged TEMPO+ units and neg. charged guest mols., supporting future application of our system in the biomedical and environmental fields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Electric Literature of C10H14O5).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Electric Literature of C10H14O5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Low molecular weight PEI-based polycationic gene vectors via Michael addition polymerization with improved serum-tolerance was written by Xun, Miao-Miao;Xiao, Ya-Ping;Zhang, Ji;Liu, Yan-Hong;Peng, Qi;Guo, Qian;Wu, Wan-Xia;Xu, Yong;Yu, Xiao-Qi. And the article was included in Polymer in 2015.Safety of Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate This article mentions the following:

A series of polycationic gene delivery vectors were synthesized via Michael addition from low mol. weight PEI and linking compounds with various heteroatom compositions Agarose gel electrophoresis results reveal that these polymers can well condense plasmid DNA and can protect DNA from degradation by nuclease. The formed polyplexes, which are stable toward serum, have uniform spherical nanoparticles with appropriate sizes around 200-350 nm and zeta-potentials about +40 mV. In vitro experiments show that these polymers have lower cytotoxicity and higher transfection efficiency than 25 kDa PEI. Furthermore, the title materials exhibit excellent serum tolerance. With the present of 10% serum, up to 19 times higher transfection efficiency than PEI was obtained, and no obvious decrease of TE was observed even the serum concentration was raised to >40%. Flow cytometry and confocal microscopy studies also demonstrate the good serum tolerance of the materials. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Safety of Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Safety of Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Tough and Three-Dimensional-Printable Poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate)-Silica Composite Elastomer with Antiplatelet Adhesion Property was written by Asai, Fumio;Seki, Takahiro;Sugawara-Narutaki, Ayae;Sato, Kazuhide;Odent, Jeremy;Coulembier, Olivier;Raquez, Jean-Marie;Takeoka, Yukikazu. And the article was included in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces in 2020.SDS of cas: 4074-88-8 This article mentions the following:

Poly(2-methoxyethyl acrylate) (PMEA) has attracted attention as a biocompatible polymer that is used as an antithrombotic coating agent for medical devices, such as during artificial heart and lung fabrication. However, PMEA is a viscous liquid polymer with low T_g, and its phys. strength is poor even if a cross-linker is used, so it is difficult to make tough and freestanding objects from it. Here, we design and fabricate a biocompatible elastomer made of tough, self-supporting PMEA-silica composites. The toughness of the composite elastomer increases as a function of silica particle filling, and its stress at break is improved from 0.3 to 6.7 MPa. The fracture energy of the composite elastomer with 39.5 vol % silica particles is up to 15 times higher than that of the cross-linked PMEA with no silica particles and the material demonstrates stress-strain behavior that is similar to that of biol. soft tissue, which exhibits nonlinear elasticity. In addition, the composite elastomer shows the potential to be an antithrombotic property, while the results of the platelet adhesion test of the composite elastomer show that the number of adhered platelets is not significantly affected by the silica addition As the composite elastomer can be rapidly three-dimensional-printed into complex geometries with high-resolution features, it is expected to contribute to the development of medical devices from readily available materials. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8SDS of cas: 4074-88-8).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.SDS of cas: 4074-88-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chemical composition and protective effect of guava (Psidium guajava L.) leaf extract on piglet intestines was written by Wang, Dingfa;Zhou, Luli;Zhou, Hanlin;Hu, Haichao;Hou, Guanyu. And the article was included in Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture in 2021.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Dietary intervention is an important approach to improve intestinal function of weaned piglets. Phytogenic and herbal products have received increasing attention as in-feed antibiotic alternatives. This study investigated the chem. composition of guava leaf extract (GE) by ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatog.-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Meanwhile, we investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with GE on diarrhea in relation to immune responses and intestinal health in weaned piglets challenged by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC). In total, 323 characterized compounds, which including 91 phenolic compounds and 232 other compounds were identified. Animal experiment results showed that the supplementation of 50-200 mg kg^-1 of GE in the diet could reduce diarrhea incidence, increase activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and total anti-oxidant capacity in the serum (P < 0.05), decrease the levels of interleukin 1β, interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor α in the serum or jejunum mucosa (P < 0.05), and increase villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio (P < 0.05) in the jejuna of piglets challenged by oral ETEC compared with neg. control group (NC). Meanwhile, diet supplementation with 50-200 mg kg-1 GE reduced the levels of D-lactate, endothelin-1 and diamine oxidase in the serum, and increased the expression of zonula occludens-1, Claudin-1, Occludin and Na+/H+ exchanger 3 (P < 0.05) in the jejuna mucosa of piglets challenged by ETEC compared with the NC. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts