Tag: 200-300

An efficient reduction protocol for the synthesis of β-hydroxycarbamates from β-nitro alcohols in one pot: a facile synthesis of (-)-β-conhydrine was written by Saikia, Partha Pratim;Baishya, Gakul;Goswami, Abhishek;Barua, Nabin C.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2008.Safety of tert-Butyl (trans-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate This article mentions the following:

An efficient and practical 1-pot protocol for the reduction of β-nitro alcs. to their corresponding N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl) amino alcs. using Zn-NH₄Cl in aqueous MeOH is described. Other reducible groups such as ketones and isolated double bonds remained intact. This methodol. allows a short synthesis of (-)-β-conhydrine to be achieved. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (trans-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 121282-70-0Safety of tert-Butyl (trans-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate).

tert-Butyl (trans-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 121282-70-0) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Safety of tert-Butyl (trans-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Molecular Modeling for Screening Environmental Chemicals for Estrogenicity: Use of the Toxicant-Target Approach was written by Rabinowitz, James R.;Little, Stephen B.;Laws, Susan C.;Goldsmith, Michael-Rock. And the article was included in Chemical Research in Toxicology in 2009.Electric Literature of C10H14O5 This article mentions the following:

There is a paucity of relevant exptl. information available for the evaluation of the potential health and environmental effects of many man made chems. Knowledge of the potential pathways for activity provides a rational basis for the extrapolations inherent in the preliminary evaluation of risk and the establishment of priorities for obtaining missing data for environmental chems. The differential step in many mechanisms of toxicity may be generalized as the interaction between a small mol. (a potential toxicant) and one or a more macromol. targets. An approach based on computation of the interaction between a potential mol. toxicant and a library of macromol. targets of toxicity has been proposed for preliminary chem. screening. In the current study, the interaction between a series of environmentally relevant chems. and models of the rat estrogen receptors (ER) was computed and the results compared to an exptl. data set of their relative binding affinities. The exptl. data set consists of 281 chems., selected from the U.S. EPA’s Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) inventory, that were initially screened using the rat uterine cytosolic ER-competitive binding assay. Secondary anal., using Lineweaver-Burk plots and slope replots, was applied to confirm that only 15 of these test chems. were true competitive inhibitors of ER binding with exptl. inhibition constants (K_i) less than 100 μM. Two different rapid computational docking methods have been applied. Each provides a score that is a surrogate for the strength of the interaction between each ligand-receptor pair. Using the score that indicates the strongest interaction for each pair, without consideration of the geometry of binding between the toxicant and the target, all of the active mols. were discovered in the first 16% of the chems. When a filter is applied on the basis of the geometry of a simplified pharmacophore for binding to the ER, the results are improved, and all of the active mols. were discovered in the first 8% of the chems. To obtain no false negatives in the model that includes the pharmacophore filter, only 8 mols. are false positives. These results indicate that mol. docking algorithms that were designed to find the chems. that act most strongly at a receptor (and therefore are potential pharmaceuticals) can efficiently sep. weakly active chems. from a library of primarily inactive chems. The advantage of using a pharmacophore filter suggests that the development of filters of this type for other receptors will prove valuable. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Electric Literature of C10H14O5).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Electric Literature of C10H14O5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Anthracene-based mechanophores for compression-activated fluorescence in polymeric networks was written by Kabb, Christopher P.;O′Bryan, Christopher S.;Morley, Cameron D.;Angelini, Thomas E.;Sumerlin, Brent S.. And the article was included in Chemical Science in 2019.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

The recent attention given to functionalities that respond to mech. force has led to a deeper understanding of force transduction and mech. wear in polymeric materials. Furthermore, polymers have been carefully designed such that activation of “mechanophores” leads to productive outputs, such as material reinforcement or changes in optical properties. In this work, a crosslinker containing an anthracene-maleimide linkage was designed and used to prepare networks that display a fluorescence response when damaged. The pressure-dependent damage of poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) networks was monitored using solid-state fluorescence spectroscopy, with increasing compressive forces leading to higher degrees of mechanophore activation. When a stamp was used to compress the networks, only the areas in contact with the raised portion of the stamp underwent mechanophore activation, resulting in the generation of patterns that were only visible under UV light. Finally, an isomeric “flex” mechanophore was designed and used to prepare networks that were compressed and compared to the previously described networks. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effects of Se and Epichloe endophyte on the growth and metabolic compounds of Festuca sinensis was written by Zhou, Lianyu;Jiao, Lu;Ju, Jiasheng;Ma, Xuelan;Jiang, Xia;Qiao, Feng. And the article was included in Weishengwu Xuebao in 2021.SDS of cas: 10083-24-6 This article mentions the following:

[Objective] To investigate the effects of Na₂SeO₃ and Epichloe sp. on Festuca sinensis, we studied the growth indexes and metabolic compounds [Methods] By using gas chromatog.-mass spectrometer, we detected the metabolic compounds of the shoots and roots of F. sinensis two geog. populations with and without Epichloe endophyte, and metabolite differences were determined among treatments using LSD test. [Results] Geog. populations Haibei (HB) and Yushu (YS) resp. had 206 metabolites and 205 metabolites. There were significant differences in metabolites between shoots and roots. Geog. population HB shoots, HB roots, YS shoots and YS roots, resp. showed 27, 42, 40 and 33 marked metabolites using LSD (P<0.001). These marked metabolites were some nitrogen compounds, carbohydrates and organic acids. 9, 8, 5 and 14 common marked metabolites were resp. found between HB shoots and roots, between YS shoots and roots, between HB and YS shoots, and between HB and YS roots. Epichloe endophyte caused a highly significant increase in tyrose for geog. population HB shoots and roots (P<0.001). Selenium induced highly significant increases in α-ketoisocaproic acid in HB E+ and E- shoots and roots (P<0.001). There were highly significant increases of aspartic acid for HB shoots and roots by interaction of the Se and Epichloe endophyte (P<0.001). In addition, selenium treatment highly significantly increased α-ketoisocaproic acid and acetol for shoots and roots in geog. population YS E+ and E- (P<0.001). [Conclusion] There were significant differences in metabolites of the shoots and roots of two geog. populations. Epichloe endophyte infection and/or selenium treatment can increase the concentrations of some compounds In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6SDS of cas: 10083-24-6).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.SDS of cas: 10083-24-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A unique material comprising “passion” with the physiological action of passenol^TM(piceatannol) was written by Kawakami, Shinpei;Tanzil, Adrianus David;Mori, Sadao;Kawama, Toshihiro;Morita, Minoru. And the article was included in Kagaku to Seibutsu in 2021.Application In Synthesis of (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol This article mentions the following:

Passenol^TM, which is rich in the characteristic polyphenol called piceatannol, is a material whose skin effect (improvement of water content and elasticity) and fat burning promoting effect introduced this time have been demonstrated in human tests. Currently, it is not only blended in its own products, but also sold as a raw material, and the author hope that the spread of products containing the passenol^TM will contribute to improving people’s QOL as much as possible. The author believe that piceatannol has many functions that have not yet been clarified, and the author will continue to work on research aimed at elucidating new functions and working mechanisms of passenol^TM and piceatannol. In parallel with the development of raw materials, the author is also engaged in research on the functionality of piceatannol, and this time the author will introduce the physiol. effects of passenol^TM and its active ingredient, piceatannol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Application In Synthesis of (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Application In Synthesis of (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Enantioselective Radical Ring-Opening Cyanation of Oxime Esters by Dual Photoredox and Copper Catalysis was written by Chen, Jun;Wang, Peng-Zi;Lu, Bin;Liang, Dong;Yu, Xiao-Ye;Xiao, Wen-Jing;Chen, Jia-Rong. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2019.Quality Control of 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane This article mentions the following:

Catalytic enantioselective chem. reactions involving highly reactive radical species remain largely unexplored. Herein, for the first time a novel enantioselective radical ring-opening cyanation of redox-active oxime esters by dual photoreodox and copper catalysis is reported. This mild protocol shows good functional group tolerance and broad substrate scope, producing a wide range of optically active alkyl dinitriles with high yields and excellent enantioselectivities, which are difficult to access traditionally. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Quality Control of 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Quality Control of 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Yellow triazine as an efficient photoinitiator for polymerization and 3D printing under LEDs was written by Lai, H.;Zhu, D.;Xiao, P.. And the article was included in Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics in 2019.SDS of cas: 4074-88-8 This article mentions the following:

The search for new efficient photoinitiators for polymerization under the illumination of visible light is under extensive investigation due to their wide application in 3D printing. 2-(4-Methoxystyryl)-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine (yellow triazine, R-Cl) alone or the R-Cl/additive systems have been indicated as promising photoinitiating systems in the free radical polymerization at 405 nm in our previous study. Here, further investigation of R-Cl in the polymerization of a series of difunctional (meth)acrylate monomers is described. The effect of monomers on the polymerization performance is elucidated. The interplay of functional group, double bond concentration, and fluidity determines the polymerization rate and final conversions. Remarkably, R-Cl shows better photoinitiating ability than well-known com. photoinitiator bisacylphosphine oxide in the polymerization of bis-GMA/TEGDMA blend and EB605 under LED at 400 nm. The optimum concentrations of R-Cl in the photopolymerization of TetEGDA and DPGDA monomers are revealed, the results of which are used to guide the 3D printing of DPGDA. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8SDS of cas: 4074-88-8).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.SDS of cas: 4074-88-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Para-selective borylation of monosubstituted benzenes using a transient mediator was written by Wu, Jie;Wang, Zengwei;Chen, Xiao-Yue;Wu, Yichen;Wang, Daoming;Peng, Qian;Wang, Peng. And the article was included in Science China: Chemistry in 2020.Recommanded Product: 68716-49-4 This article mentions the following:

Herein, authors conceptualized a transient mediator approach that has the capability of para-selective C-H functionalization of monosubstituted aromatics This approach is enabled by in situ generation of a versatile sulfonium salt via highly electrophilic phenoxathiine or thianthrene dication intermediate which can be readily generated from its sulfoxide with tri-fluoromethanesulfonic anhydride. Preliminary mechanistic study implied that the remarkable para selectivity might be related to the incredible electrophilicity of thianthrene dication intermediate. The versatility of this approach was demonstrated via para-borylation of various monosubstituted simple aromatics combining the sulfonium salt formation with further photocatalyzed transformation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Recommanded Product: 68716-49-4).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Recommanded Product: 68716-49-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Plasma Induced Graft Polymerization of Three Hydrophilic Monomers on Nylon 6,6 Fabrics for Enhancing Antistatic Property was written by Gul Dincmen, Melek;Hauser, Peter J.;Gursoy, Nevin Cigdem. And the article was included in Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing in 2016.Reference of 4074-88-8 This article mentions the following:

In this study, three hydrophilic monomers; 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC) were selected and their performance as an antistatic finish on nylon 6,6 fabrics was investigated. A non-thermal, high d. atm. pressure plasma was used to graft polymerize the monomers on nylon 6,6 fabrics. Fabrics were first treated with solutions of monomer in water, air dried and then treated with helium plasma to graft polymerize the monomer on the fiber surface. Surface resistivity values were measured before and after soxhlet extraction with water. Results showed that the DADMAC monomer provided better antistatic properties to fabrics. Further studies with DADMAC monomer were made; effects of plasma post exposure time, plasma pre-exposure time, plasma power, concentration of the monomer and existence of a crosslinker were investigated. Higher plasma power, higher concentration of the monomer and longer post exposure times all gave better antistatic properties to the nylon 6,6 fabrics. Acid dye staining, UV-Vis and FT-IR measurements were conducted and results confirmed a grafted poly-DADMAC layer on the fabric surface. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Reference of 4074-88-8).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Reference of 4074-88-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Nickel-Catalyzed Chain-Walking Cross-Electrophile Coupling of Alkyl and Aryl Halides and Olefin Hydroarylation Enabled by Electrochemical Reduction was written by Kumar, Gadde Sathish;Peshkov, Anatoly;Brzozowska, Aleksandra;Nikolaienko, Pavlo;Zhu, Chen;Rueping, Magnus. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2020.Recommanded Product: 68716-49-4 This article mentions the following:

The first electrochem. approach for nickel-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling was developed. This method provides a novel route to 1,1-diarylalkane derivatives from simple and readily available alkyl and aryl halides in good yields and excellent regioselectivity under mild conditions. The procedure shows good tolerance for a broad variety of functional groups and both primary and secondary alkyl halides can be used. Furthermore, the reaction was successfully scaled up to the multigram scale, thus indicating potential for industrial application. Mechanistic study suggested the formation of a nickel hydride in the electroreductive chain-walking arylation, which led to the development of a new nickel-catalyzed hydroarylation of styrenes to provide a series of 1,1-diaryl alkanes in good yields under mild reaction conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Recommanded Product: 68716-49-4).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Recommanded Product: 68716-49-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts