Tag: 200-300

White-rot fungus-mediated degradation of the analgesic ketoprofen and identification of intermediates by HPLC-DAD-MS and NMR was written by Marco-Urrea, Ernest;Perez-Trujillo, Miriam;Cruz-Morato, Carles;Caminal, Gloria;Vicent, Teresa. And the article was included in Chemosphere in 2010.Synthetic Route of C16H16O3 This article mentions the following:

Ketoprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that has been detected in the environment in the range of ng L^-1-μg L^-1 due to its low degradability in some wastewater treatment plants. In this study, the use of the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor to effectively degrade ketoprofen in a defined liquid medium was assessed. The fungus eliminated ketoprofen to nondetectable levels in 24 h when it was added at 10 mg L^-1 whereas at low concentration of 40 μg L^-1 it was almost completely removed (95%) after 5 h. Low extracellular laccase activity was detected in the T. versicolor cultures but the addition of the laccase-mediator system did not lead to ketoprofen oxidation The cytochrome P 450 inhibitor 1-aminobenzotriazole reduced ketoprofen oxidation These data suggest that the first oxidation step is cytochrome P 450 mediated. During time-course degradation experiments, three intermediates were structurally elucidated and quantified by HPLC-DAD-MS and NMR: 2-[3-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)phenyl]-propanoic acid, 2-[(3-hydroxy(phenyl)methyl)phenyl]-propanoic acid, and 2-(3-benzoyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-propanoic acid. The latter was reported for the first time in biol. systems. After 7 d of incubation, only small amounts of 2-[(3-hydroxy(phenyl)methyl)phenyl]-propanoic acid (0.08 mg) remained in the liquid medium in comparison with the initial ketoprofen dose (1.0 mg), suggesting possible mineralization of ketoprofen. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(3-(Hydroxy(phenyl)methyl)phenyl)propanoic acid (cas: 59960-32-6Synthetic Route of C16H16O3).

2-(3-(Hydroxy(phenyl)methyl)phenyl)propanoic acid (cas: 59960-32-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Synthetic Route of C16H16O3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Conductance based sensing and analysis of soluble phosphates in wastewater was written by Warwick, Christopher;Guerreiro, Antonio;Gomez-Caballero, Alberto;Wood, Elizabeth;Kitson, James;Robinson, James;Soares, Ana. And the article was included in Biosensors & Bioelectronics in 2014.Electric Literature of C10H14O5 This article mentions the following:

The current standard method used for measuring soluble phosphate in environmental water samples is based on a colorimetric approach, developed in the early 1960s. In order to provide an alternative, label free sensing solution, a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was designed to function as a phosphate receptor. A combination of functional monomer (N-allylthiourea), cross-linker and monomer/template ratios were optimized in order to maximise the binding capacity for phosphate. When produced in membrane format, the MIP’s ability to produce a reversible change in conductance in the presence of phosphate was explored for fabrication of a sensor which was able to selectively detect the presence of phosphate compared to sulfate, nitrate and chloride. In wastewater samples the sensor had a limit of detection of 0.16 mg P/l, and a linear range between 0.66 and 8 mg P/l. This is below the min. monitoring level (1 mg P/l) as required by current legislation for wastewater discharges, making the sensor as developed promising for direct quantification of phosphate in environmental monitoring applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Electric Literature of C10H14O5).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Electric Literature of C10H14O5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Antioxidant Activity of Piceatannol in Canola Oil was written by He, Wen-Sen;Rui, Jiaxin;Wang, Qingzhi;Chen, Zhen-Yu. And the article was included in European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology in 2021.Application In Synthesis of (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol This article mentions the following:

Piceatannol has shown to be a strong antioxidant in vivo, however, its ability to suppress lipid oxidation in foods has not been examined The present study is to examine the antioxidant effect of piceatannol on heated canola oil compared with that of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The oxidation of canola oil is conducted at 60, 90, 120, and 150°C by monitoring the depletion of oxygen, the decrease in unsaturated fatty acids, and the changes of primary and secondary oxidation products. Results demonstrated that piceatannol can suppress lipid oxidation of canola oil in a dose-dependent manner with its effect being more effective than BHT. Practical Applications: Lipid oxidation is a major factor in the deterioration of food quality. Synthetic antioxidants, such as BHT and butylated hydroxyanisole, are used to inhibit oxidation in foods, but their safety has been always concerned. Piceatannol has exhibited a strong antioxidant activity to attenuate lipid oxidation and it should be further explored for use as a natural antioxidant in foods. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Application In Synthesis of (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Application In Synthesis of (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Substrate-Assisted, Transition-Metal-Free Diboration of Alkynamides with Mixed Diboron: Regio- and Stereoselective Access to trans-1,2-Vinyldiboronates was written by Verma, Astha;Snead, Russell F.;Dai, Yumin;Slebodnick, Carla;Yang, Yinuo;Yu, Haizhu;Yao, Fu;Santos, Webster L.. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2017.Application In Synthesis of 2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine This article mentions the following:

A substrate-assisted diboration of alkynamides using the unsym. pinacolato-1,8-diaminonaphthalenato diboron (pinBBdan) is described. The transition-metal-free reaction proceeds in a regio- and stereoselective fashion to exclusively afford trans-vinyldiboronates in good to excellent yields. Notably, Bdan and Bpin are installed on the α- and β-carbon atoms, resp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine (cas: 1214264-88-6Application In Synthesis of 2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine).

2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine (cas: 1214264-88-6) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Application In Synthesis of 2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Templated Polymer Replica Nanoparticles to Facilitate Assessment of Material-Dependent Pharmacokinetics and Biodistribution was written by Song, Danzi;Cui, Jiwei;Sun, Huanli;Nguyen, Tri-Hung;Alcantara, Sheilajen;De Rose, Robert;Kent, Stephen J.;Porter, Christopher J. H.;Caruso, Frank. And the article was included in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces in 2017.Safety of Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate This article mentions the following:

Surface modification is frequently used to tailor the interactions of nanoparticles with biol. systems. In most cases, the chem. nature of the treatments employed to modify the biol. interface (for example attachments of hydrophilic polymers or targeting groups) is the focus of attention. However, isolation of the fundamental effects of the materials employed to modify the interface are often confounded by secondary effects imparted by the underlying substrate. Herein, we demonstrate that polymer replica particles templated from degradable mesoporous silica provide a facile means to evaluate the impact of surface modification on the biol. interactions of nanomaterials, independent of the substrate. Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), poly(N-(2 hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide) (PHPMA), and poly(methacrylic acid) (PMA) were templated onto mesoporous silica, crosslinked and the residual particles removed. The resulting nanoparticles, comprising interfacial polymer alone, were then investigated using a range of in vitro and in vivo tests. As expected, the PEG particles showed the best stealth properties and these trends were consistent in both in vitro and in vivo studies. PMA particles showed the highest cell association in cell lines in vitro and were rapidly taken up by monocytes in ex vivo whole blood, properties consistent with the very high in vivo clearance subsequently seen in rats. In contrast, PHPMA particles showed rapid association with both granulocytes and monocytes in ex vivo whole blood, even though in vivo clearance was less rapid than the PMA particles. Rat studies confirmed better systemic exposure for PEG and PHPMA particles when compared to PMA particles. This study provides a new avenue for investigating material-dependent biol. behaviors of polymer particles, irresp. of the properties of the underlying core, and provides insights for the selection of polymer particles for future biol. applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Safety of Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Safety of Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Stepwise Access of Emissive Ir(III) Complexes Bearing a Multi-Dentate Heteroaromatic Chelate: Fundamentals and Applications was written by Zheng, Zhong;Zhu, Ze-Lin;Ho, Cheuk-Lam;Yiu, Shek-Man;Lee, Chun-Sing;Suramitr, Songwut;Hannongbua, Supa;Chi, Yun. And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry in 2022.Computed Properties of C9H10BrNO2 This article mentions the following:

Three multi-dentate coordinated chelates LnH₂ (n = 1, 2, and 3), comprising a linked 1-(pyridin-2-yl)ethylbenzene and one pyrazolyl pyridine unit and showing either tridentate or tetradentate coordination modes, are successfully designed and synthesized. Dinuclear Ir(III) complexes [Ir(κ⁴-Ln)(μ-Cl)]₂ bearing tetradentate coordinated κ⁴-Ln chelate (2a, n = 1; 2b, n = 2; 2c, n = 3) were next obtained en route from the resp. intermediate [Ir(κ³-LnH)Cl(μ-Cl)]₂ bearing the tridentate coordinated κ³-LnH chelate (1a, n = 1; 1b, n = 2; 1c, n = 3). Next, mononuclear Ir(III) complexes Ir(κ⁴-Ln)(thd) (3a, n = 1; 3b, n = 2; 3c, n = 3) with the tetradentate chelate were obtained upon treatment of 2 with 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedione (thd)H in the presence of K₂CO₃. Concurrently, methylation of 2c in the presence of ⁿBu₄NCl afforded tridentate Ir(κ³-L3HMe)Cl₃ (4) and, next, can be converted to tetradentate Ir(κ⁴-L3Me)Cl₂ (5) by further cyclometalation and HCl elimination in refluxing diethylene glycol monoethyl ether solution The Ir(III) complexes 3a, 4, and 5 were unambiguously identified using spectroscopic methods, together with single-crystal x-ray structural analyses on Ir(III) derivatives 3a, 4, and 5. Their photophys. and electrochem. properties were also investigated and compared with results from theor. studies. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromo-6-(2-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)pyridine (cas: 49669-14-9Computed Properties of C9H10BrNO2).

2-Bromo-6-(2-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-2-yl)pyridine (cas: 49669-14-9) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Computed Properties of C9H10BrNO2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Silaboration of [1.1.1]Propellane: A Storable Feedstock for Bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane Derivatives was written by Kondo, Masaki;Kanazawa, Junichiro;Ichikawa, Tomohiro;Shimokawa, Takumi;Nagashima, Yuki;Miyamoto, Kazunori;Uchiyama, Masanobu. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2020.Electric Literature of C16H20B2N2O2 This article mentions the following:

The silaboration of [1.1.1]propellane enables direct introduction of B and Si functional groups onto the bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane (BCP) scaffold in high yield under mild, additive-free conditions. The silaborated BCP can be obtained on a gram-scale in a single step without the need for column-chromatog. purification, and is storable and easy to handle, providing a versatile synthetic intermediate for BCP derivatives We also describe various conversions of the C-B/C-Si bonds on the BCP scaffold, including development of a modified Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction at the highly sterically hindered bridgehead sp³ carbon center of the BCP skeleton using a combination of highly activated BCP boronic esters, copper(I) oxide, and a PdCl₂(dppf) catalyst system. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine (cas: 1214264-88-6Electric Literature of C16H20B2N2O2).

2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine (cas: 1214264-88-6) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Electric Literature of C16H20B2N2O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Structure and properties of the oil-absorbing resin was written by Wei, Zheng;Yu, Hongwei;Wang, Yuansheng;Xu, Zhinong. And the article was included in Hecheng Shuzhi Ji Suliao in 2011.Application In Synthesis of Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate This article mentions the following:

The oil-absorbing resin polyacrylate was synthesized from Bu methacrylate (BMA) and Bu acrylate (BA) monomers with suspension polymerization process. The composition and structure of the resin were analyzed by means of Fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetry(TG). The resin’s absorptivity, absorption rate and controlled-release property for different oil as well as its swelling kinetic were studied. The results showed that the resin decomposes at 366.68 °C, and its oil-absorbing behavior accords with the first-order kinetics. The resin’s oil absorption rate depends on ionic polarity of different oils; the rate of absorbing CCl₄ is the highest while the corresponding value of diesel is the lowest. The oil controlled-release performance of the resin is relevant to the type of oil; the release rate for diesel and petrol is rather low or even zero, but the corresponding rate for toluene and CCl₄ is much higher. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Application In Synthesis of Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Application In Synthesis of Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Naturally occurring polyphenols as building blocks for supramolecular liquid crystals – substitution pattern dominates mesomorphism was written by Balszuweit, Jan;Blanke, Meik;Saccone, Marco;Mezger, Markus;Daniliuc, Constantin g.;Woelper, Christoph;Giese, Michael;Voskuhl, Jens. And the article was included in Molecular Systems Design & Engineering in 2021.Application In Synthesis of (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol This article mentions the following:

A modular supramol. approach towards hydrogen-bonded liquid crystalline assemblies based on naturally occurring polyphenols is reported. The combination of exptl. observations, crystallog. studies and semi-empirical analyses of the assemblies provides insight into the structure-property relationships of these materials. Here a direct correlation of the number of donor OH-groups as well as their orientation with the mesomorphic behavior is reported. We discovered that the number and orientation of the OH-groups have a stronger influence on the mesomorphic behavior of the supramol. assemblies than the connectivity (e.g. stilbenoid or chalconoid) of the hydrogen bond donors. Furthermore, the photo-switching behavior of selected complexes containing azopyridine ligands was investigated. This study will help future scientists to gain a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms and structure-property relationships of supramol. assemblies with mesomorphic behavior, which is still one of the major challenges in current science. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Application In Synthesis of (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Application In Synthesis of (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies on novel 8-amino-3-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethyl]-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione derivatives as anticonvulsant agents was written by Madaiah, M.;Prashanth, M. K.;Revanasiddappa, H. D.;Veeresh, B.. And the article was included in Medicinal Chemistry Research in 2013.COA of Formula: C11H21NO3 This article mentions the following:

A series of novel 8-amino-3-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethyl]-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione derivatives was synthesized and their pharmacol. activity was determined with the objective to better understand their structure-activity relationship for anticonvulsant activity. All the compounds were evaluated for their possible anticonvulsant activity by maximal electroshock seizure (MES) test and their neurotoxic effects were determined by rotarod test. Majority of the compounds were active in MES tests. Compounds I [R = 4-MeC₆H₄NHCO, 3-MeC₆H₄NHCO, 2-CF₃C₆H₄NHCO] showed a significant and protective effect on seizure, when compared with standard drug phenytoin. The compounds having an amide bond showed moderate protective effect on MES induced seizures compared to sulfonamide. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (4-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 224309-64-2COA of Formula: C11H21NO3).

tert-Butyl (4-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 224309-64-2) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.COA of Formula: C11H21NO3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts