Tag: 100-200

Effect of Argan oil, thyme, and rosemary on drying process of Sardina Pilchardus fillets was written by Zini, Soukaina;Mouhanni, Hind;Besombes, Colette. And the article was included in Journal of Food Processing and Preservation in 2022.SDS of cas: 499-75-2 This article mentions the following:

This work aims to study the drying kinetics of sardine fillets marinated with Argan oil, thyme, and rosemary at 70°C via the hybrid solar dryer. The static gravimetric method has been used to determine the sorption isotherms at 50, 60, and 70°C. Histamine content, TVBN, fatty acids, carbohydrates, and pH levels were analyzed as well. Finally, a statistical anal. of the results was accomplished using PCA. The sardine drying kinetics was accelerated with increasing air temperature in a synchronous manner. The optimal water activity for the conservation of sardines is aw = 0.32. The results obtained have led to an increase in the shelf life of sardine fillets marinated and dried on the basis of argan oil and thyme, unlike the product with argan oil, rosemary, and without marinade that will be destroyed in a few weeks. The findings results be explained by the antioxidant activity of thyme. Novelty impact statement : The drying kinetics of sardine fillets was determined exptl., as well as the characteristic drying curve. Determination of the optimum water activity for the conservation of sardines is aw = 0.32. The combination of marine products with argan oil and thyme provides the longest preservation period while also adding a new quality and taste dimension to sardine conservation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2SDS of cas: 499-75-2).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.SDS of cas: 499-75-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Iron(II) Mediated Desulfurization of Organosulfur Substrates Produces Nonheme Diiron(II)-hydrosulfides was written by Ganguly, Tuhin;Das, Ayan;Majumdar, Amit. And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry in 2019.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

A reaction system involving Fe(BF₄)₂·6H₂O and two dinucleating ligands, HBPMP and HPhBIMP, mediates the desulfurization of aliphatic and aromatic thiols at room temperature This rare C-S bond cleavage reaction produces two nonheme diiron(II) complexes, [Fe₂(BPMP)(SH)₂(MeOH)₂]¹⁺ (1a) and [Fe₂(PhBIMP)(μ-SH)(DMF)]²⁺ (2a), possibly via an active species similar to [Fe₂(PhBIMP)(H₂O)₂(DMF)₂]³⁺ (2c), while the thiols are converted to the corresponding alcs./phenols. In the case of thioacetic acid, a bidentate chelating organosulfur substrate, the use of HBPMP produces the corresponding bis-thiocarboxylato bridged complex, [Fe₂(BPMP)(CH₃COS)₂]¹⁺ (1b), instead of 1a. However, the use of HPhBIMP allows the Fe(II) mediated desulfurization of thioacetic acid as well to yield 2a, along with the formation of [Fe₂(PhBIMP)(CH₃COS)(MeCN)]²⁺ (2b). This convenient desulfurization reaction has been demonstrated for different substrates in different solvents along with the structural and spectroscopic characterizations of the diiron(II)-hydrosulfide complexes in comparison with two isostructural chloride complexes, [Fe₂(BPMP)(Cl)₂(MeOH)₂]¹⁺ (1c) and [Fe₂(PhBIMP)(μ-Cl)(DMF)]²⁺ (2d). The role of the individual reactants in the desulfurization process has been thoroughly investigated using control reactions, and on the basis of these results and the identification of intermediate species, such as [Fe₂(PhBIMP)(S^tBu)(DMF)₃]²⁺ and [Fe₂(PhBIMP)(S^tBu)(H₂O)(DMF)₂]²⁺, in solution by mass spectrometry, a possible mechanism has been proposed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Don’t be misled by raw material screening tests was written by Hunsucker, Jerry;Mudd, Daniel G.;Eachus, Alan C.. And the article was included in Proceedings of the Annual Meeting, Chemical Specialties Manufacturers Association in 1974.Formula: C6H15NO This article mentions the following:

Direct substitution in standard formulations, such as wax emulsions and water-soluble alkyd resin coating compositions, was not a satisfactory method of screening the isomeric amines 2-dimethylamino-2-methyl-1-propanol (I) [7005-47-2], 2-diethylamino-1-ethanol (II) [100-37-8], and 1-dimethylamino-2-methyl-2-propanol [14123-48-9], for possible use as emulsifiers, e.g., the substitution of an equal amount of I for the II in a TiO2 dispersion containing the optimum amount of II for best wetting indicated that II was a better wetting agent although I was a better wetting agent than II ata lower wetting agent concentration In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(Dimethylamino)-2-methylpropan-2-ol (cas: 14123-48-9Formula: C6H15NO).

1-(Dimethylamino)-2-methylpropan-2-ol (cas: 14123-48-9) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Formula: C6H15NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Hyaluronic Acid Conjugates of TLR7/8 Agonists for Targeted Delivery to Secondary Lymphoid Tissue was written by Yoo, Euna;Salyer, Alex C. D.;Brush, Michael J. H.;Li, Yupeng;Trautman, Kathryn L.;Shukla, Nikunj M.;De Beuckelaer, Ans;Lienenklaus, Stefan;Deswarte, Kim;Lambrecht, Bart N.;De Geest, Bruno G.;David, Sunil A.. And the article was included in Bioconjugate Chemistry in 2018.Synthetic Route of C8H7NO This article mentions the following:

Immunogens carried in lymphatic fluid drain via afferent vessels into regional lymph nodes and facilitate the efficient induction of appropriate immune responses. The lymphatic system possesses receptors recognizing hyaluronic acid (HA). Covalent conjugates of small-mol. TLR7/8 agonists with HA are entirely devoid of immunostimulatory activity in vitro. In murine models of immunization, however, such conjugates traffic to lymph nodes, where they are ‘unmasked’, releasing the small mol. TLR7/8 agonist from the carrier polysaccharide. The resulting focal immunostimulation is manifested in potent adjuvant effects with negligible systemic exposure. The efficient delivery of immunogens has been a major challenge in the development of subunit vaccines, and enhancing targeted delivery of immunogens to secondary lymphoid organs might be a promising approach for improving vaccine efficacy, as well as safety. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Hydroxy-3-methylbenzonitrile (cas: 15777-70-5Synthetic Route of C8H7NO).

4-Hydroxy-3-methylbenzonitrile (cas: 15777-70-5) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Synthetic Route of C8H7NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effect of different enamel pretreating agents on bonding efficacy and survival rates of orthodontic brackets: In vitro study and split-mouth randomized clinical trial. was written by Scribante, Andrea;Gallo, Simone;Pascadopoli, Maurizio;Catalano, Federico;Gandini, Paola;Sfondrini, Maria Francesca. And the article was included in American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics : official publication of the American Association of Orthodontists, its constituent societies, and the American Board of Orthodontics in 2022.Safety of (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol This article mentions the following:

INTRODUCTION: This double in vitro study and randomized clinical trial aimed to investigate the bonding failure rates of orthodontic brackets after enamel pretreatment with agents showing different particle sizes. METHODS: For the in vitro study, 80 bovine teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the pretreating method used and their particle sizes: erythritol (14 μm), glycine (18-22 μm), sodium bicarbonate (70 μm), and no pretreatment. Scanning electron microscopy microphotographs were performed after pretreatment. Then, brackets were bonded, and shear bond strength was calculated. For the clinical study, agents with low (erythritol) and high (sodium bicarbonate) particle sizes were chosen. Twenty consecutive patients willing to start fixed orthodontic treatment with vestibular stainless steel brackets were enrolled. Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups following a split-mouth design. Group A underwent a 5-second enamel pretreatment procedure with erythritol for teeth belonging to maxillary left and mandibular right quadrants, whereas the remaining quadrants were pretreated for 5 seconds with sodium bicarbonate powder. In group B, quadrants were inverted. Then, brackets were bonded on the vestibular surfaces of teeth, and patients were visited monthly for 12 months to assess bond failures. Periodontal evaluation of probing pocket depth, bleeding on probing, plaque index, and papilla bleeding index was conducted before bonding and after 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. RESULTS: The in vitro study showed that erythritol and control presented significantly higher shear bond strength values for other agents. Bicarbonate showed the lowest values. In the clinical study, 20 patients (aged 16.4 ± 3.9 years) were enrolled, and all completed the study. Erythritol showed a significantly lower failure rate (3%) than sodium bicarbonate (7.5%). Kaplan-Meier survival plots showed statistically significant differences in risk of failure between the 2 groups during the 12-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Enamel pretreatment with erythritol can be a viable technique to reduce failure rates of orthodontic brackets. REGISTRATION: The trial was not registered. PROTOCOL: The protocol was not published before trial commencement. FUNDING: No funding or grant was received for this research. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6Safety of (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Safety of (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Regioselective Hydroalkylation of Vinylarenes by Cooperative Cu and Ni Catalysis was written by Ravn, Anne K.;Johansen, Martin B.;Skrydstrup, Troels. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2022.Application In Synthesis of (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol This article mentions the following:

Disclosed here is a dual copper and nickel catalytic system with a silyl hydride source for promoting the linear selective hydroalkylation of vinylarenes ArCHCH₂ (Ar = 4-fluorophenyl, pyridin-2-yl, 2-methyl-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl, etc.). This carbon-carbon bond-forming protocol is applied to couple a variety of functionalized vinylarenes with alkyl halides RX (R = phenylethyl, cyclohexyl, 3-(2H-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)propyl, etc.; X = Br, I) applying a nickel(II) NNN pincer complex in the presence of an NHC-ligated copper catalyst. This combination allows for a 1 mol% loading of the nickel catalyst leading to turnover numbers of up to 72. Over 40 examples are presented, including applications for pharmaceutical diversification. Labeling experiments demonstrated the regioselectivity of the reaction and revealed that the copper catalyst plays a crucial role in enhancing the rate for formation of the reactive linear alkyl nickel complex. Overall, the presented work provides a complimentary approach for hydroalkylation reactions, while providing a preliminary mechanistic understanding of the cooperativity between the copper and nickel complexes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5Application In Synthesis of (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol).

(1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Application In Synthesis of (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Comparative metabolism of Sumithion-m-methyl-14C in several species of mammals in vivo was written by Miyamoto, Junshi;Mihara, Kazumasa;Hosokawa, Shunji. And the article was included in Nippon Noyaku Gakkaishi in 1976.SDS of cas: 60463-12-9 This article mentions the following:

When orally administered to dogs, mice, rats, and rabbits, Sumithion (I) [122-14-5] labeled with 14C at the m-Me position of the 4-nitro-m-tolyl moiety was readily absorbed and distributed into various organs. The 14C was rapidly and completely excreted, mainly in urine. Seventeen metabolites accounting for 92-99% of the total urinary 14C were identified. Free and conjugated 4-nitro-m-cresol (II) [2581-34-2] and the demethyl derivatives of I and sumioxon(III) were the major metabolites. Total II and the demethyl derivatives accounted for 63.5 and 7.9%, resp., of the total 14C in urine of male rabbits, whereas they accounted for 36.1 and 56.9%, resp., of the total 14C in urine of male dogs. II sulfate [60463-13-0] was found at higher levels than II and II glucuronide [55373-21-2]. The urine of rats and rabbits contained the demethyl derivative of aminosumithion (O,O-dimethyl O-4-amino-m-tolyl phosphorothioate (IV) [13306-69-9], 5-hydroxy-2-nitrobenzoic acid [610-37-7], 4-amino-m-tolyl sulfate [60463-07-2], 4-formylamino-m-cresol (V) [60463-08-3], V glucuronide [60463-14-1], and 3-hydroxymethyl-4-acetylaminophenol (VI) [60463-09-4]. III and IV were found in urine of rabbits, O,O-dimethyl O-4-acetylamino-3-hydroxymethylphenyl phosphorothioate [60463-10-7], O,O-dimethyl O-3-carboxy-4-nitrosophenyl phosphorothioate [60463-11-8], and 4-acetylamino-m-cresol [39495-15-3] in urine of rats, and 5-hydroxy-2-nitrobenzyl alc. [60463-12-9], V glucuronide, and VI in urine of dogs. No I was detected in urine of these mammals, though traces of I were found in feces of rats. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9SDS of cas: 60463-12-9).

3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.SDS of cas: 60463-12-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Changes in the aroma characteristics during the different processes of dry Cabernet Sauvignon wine production was written by Guo, Yingying;Zhang, Yancong;Yu, Ran;Wang, Fang;Wang, Wei;Zhang, Dai;Zhang, Jun. And the article was included in European Food Research and Technology in 2022.Application In Synthesis of Oct-1-en-3-ol This article mentions the following:

Wine contains a multitude of volatile and non-volatile compounds The sensory characteristics of wine are strongly influenced by the volatile aromas. In this study, we used headspace solid-phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatog. mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to analyze the Cabernet Sauvignon Grape samples obtained from Ningxia (China) processed by drying, winemaking, and aging, resp. Thirty-seven compounds that significantly influenced the wine aroma characteristics were analyzed quant. Results showed a close correlation of grape or wine volatile components with the flavor characteristics. 16, 29, and 32 aroma compounds were characterized during the drying, fermentation, and aging processes, resp. Drying of Cabernet Sauvignon decreased fruity aromas but enhanced herbaceous and caramel aromas. After fermentation, the aroma component showed substantial increase, with more pronounced caramel, floral, and fruity characteristics in the wine. The aging process decreased the aroma content, but there appeared to be a pos. influence on the formation of aging aromas, such as furfuryl alc., furfural, and 5-methylfurfural. The aging process not only directly altered the general composition of wine, but also showed a pos. influence on sensory properties. These findings shed new light on the mechanism of wine drying, fermentation, and aging process, which can help improve wine characteristics. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4Application In Synthesis of Oct-1-en-3-ol).

Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Application In Synthesis of Oct-1-en-3-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of the first non-carbonyl cisoid fulvalene complexes with an Ru-Ru bond bridged by thiolate ligands was written by Watanabe, Masanobu;Sato, Masaru;Kai, Masahiro. And the article was included in Dalton Transactions in 2003.Electric Literature of C4H9NaS This article mentions the following:

The addition of PPh₃ to a solution which was produced by the oxidation of [(η⁵-Cp)Ru(μ₂-η⁶:η⁶-C₁₀H₈)Ru(η⁵-Cp)]²⁺ (BF₄^–)₂ (1) with p-benzoquinone and BF₃·OEt₂ and subsequent Zn-reduction gave the transoid Ru-Fv complex (Fv = fulvalene) formulated as [(MeCN)₂(PPh₃)Ru(μ₂-η⁵:η⁵-C₁₀H₈)Ru(PPh₃)(MeCN)₂]²⁺ (BF₄^–)₂ (2a) in high yield as stable yellow crystals. Treatment of 2a with excess aryl thiols (ArSH; Ar = C₆H₅, p-CH₃C₆H₄ and p-ClC₆H₄), their thiolates and aryl dithiols (1,2-benzenedithiol or 3,4-toluenedithiol) or their dithiolates at room temperature afforded the Ru-Fv complexes bridged by thiolate ligands formulated as [(PPh₃)Ru(μ₂-η⁵:η⁵-C₁₀H₈)(μ₂-SAr)₂Ru(PPh₃)]²⁺ (BF₄^–)₂ (3a–c), (ArS)Ru(μ₂-η⁵:η⁵-C₁₀H₈)(μ₂-SAr)₂Ru(SAr) (4a–c) and [(PPh₃)Ru(μ₂-η⁵:η⁵-C₁₀H₈)(μ₂-S₂C₆H₃R)Ru(PPh₃)]²⁺ (BF₄^–)₂ (5a; R = H, 5b; R = CH₃), in high yield, resp. Treatment of 2a with excess tert-butylthiolate produced [(PPh₃)Ru(μ₂-η⁵:η⁵-C₁₀H₈)(μ₂-S^tBu)₂Ru]²⁺ (BF₄^–)(S^tBu^–) (6a). In contrast with complexes 2–5, a coordinatively unsaturated Ru atom was found in 6a, which is probably formed owing to the bulkiness of the ^tBuS^– ligand. X-ray anal. of complexes 3–6 showed an Ru^III-Ru^III single bond. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2Electric Literature of C4H9NaS).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Electric Literature of C4H9NaS

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis and Characterization of a Photocleavable Cross-Linker and Its Application on Tunable Surface Modification and Protein Photodelivery was written by Yan, Funing;Chen, Liaohai;Tang, Qiling;Wang, Rong. And the article was included in Bioconjugate Chemistry in 2004.Reference of 60463-12-9 This article mentions the following:

A heterobifunctional photocleavable cross-linker based on an o-nitrobenzyl ester moiety was synthesized. The cross-linker has N-hydroxysuccinimidyl and disulfide groups attached at each end and thus can anchor a protein to a gold-coated substrate surface. Steady-state spectroscopic studies suggest that the cross-linker undergoes a clean C-O fragmentation upon irradiation with a quantum yield of 0.1. Consequently, immobilized proteins (such as avidin or antibodies) on a substrate surface can be released efficiently (>95%) under UV irradiation (λ > 300 nm) without degrading the protein functionality. We also demonstrated protein delivery via bioconjugation of protein mols. to a gold-coated at.-force microscope (AFM) tip. When the proteins are photoreleased from the AFM tip, they are delivered to the substrate surface as protein clusters of uniform size. This has been confirmed using both AFM and fluorescence microscopy. The application of bioconjugation in this study opens a new avenue for tunable surface modification and controllable protein delivery in studies of biol. systems on the nanometer scale. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9Reference of 60463-12-9).

3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Reference of 60463-12-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts