Tag: 100-200

Proposals for the pharmacopeia: opium and its preparations was written by Carlassare, Mario. And the article was included in Bollettino Chimico Farmaceutico in 1982.SDS of cas: 2451-01-6 This article mentions the following:

Changes in the Italian Pharmacopeia methods for anal. of opium, laudanum, and tablets containing K guaiacolsulfonate  [1321-14-8], Na benzoate  [532-32-1], terpin hydrate  [2451-01-6], and Dover’s powder (morphine  [57-27-2], emetine  [483-18-1], and camphor) are proposed. Qual. color tests for meconic acid  [497-59-6] and morphine in opium are described, together with a titrimetric method for measuring morphine and a simple TLC method for estimating morphine, papaverine  [58-74-2], and codeine  [76-57-3] in opium are given. For laudanum, color tests for morphine and meconic acid, and TLC estimation and determination of morphine (as for opium) are proposed. For the tablets, color tests are given for identification of K, benzoate, guaiacolsulfonate, terpin, and morphine, and a flame test for Na. A TLC method for morphine, codeine, papaverine and emetine, and quant. methods for Na benzoate (titrimetry) and K guaiacolsulfonate (colorimetry) are included for the tablets. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6SDS of cas: 2451-01-6).

rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.SDS of cas: 2451-01-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chemoselective Cleavage of Si-C(sp³) Bonds in Unactivated Tetraalkylsilanes Using Iodine Tris(trifluoroacetate) was written by Matsuoka, Keitaro;Komami, Narumi;Kojima, Masahiro;Mita, Tsuyoshi;Suzuki, Kimichi;Maeda, Satoshi;Yoshino, Tatsuhiko;Matsunaga, Shigeki. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2021.Related Products of 2968-93-6 This article mentions the following:

Herein chemoselective cleavage of Si-C(sp³) bonds of unactivated tetraalkylsilanes was reported using iodine tris(trifluoroacetate). The reaction proceeded smoothly under mild conditions (-50°C to room temperature) and tolerated various polar functional groups, thus enabling subsequent Tamao-Fleming oxidation to provide the corresponding alcs. NMR experiments and d. functional theory calculations on the reaction indicated that the transfer of alkyl groups from Si to the I(III) center and the formation of the Si-O bond proceed concertedly to afford an alkyl-λ3-iodane and silyl trifluoroacetate. The developed method enabled the use of unactivated tetraalkylsilanes as highly stable synthetic precursors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6Related Products of 2968-93-6).

2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Related Products of 2968-93-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Novel access to carbonyl and acetylated compounds: the role of the tetra-n-butylammonium bromide/sodium nitrite catalyst was written by Sheykhan, Mehdi;Moafi, Hadi Fallah;Abbasnia, Masoumeh. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2016.Electric Literature of C8H9NO3 This article mentions the following:

A novel aerobic oxidation of alcs. ArCH(OH)R (Ar = C₆H₅, 2-O₂N-3-CH₃-C₆H₃, 2-carbaldehydefuran-5-yl, etc.; R = H, CH₃) without the use of any oxidants was developed. An equimolar catalytic mixture of tetra-n-butylammonium bromide and sodium nitrite catalyzes the aerobic selective oxidation of benzylic alcs. under oxidant-free, base-free and metal-free conditions. The mild reaction conditions allow oxidation of a wide range of benzylic alcs., chemo-selectively to their carbonyl compounds ArC(O)R (68-93% isolated yields). More importantly, high selectivity among different kinds of alcs. (aromatic vs. aliphatic alcs., primary vs. secondary alcs. as well as alcs. having neutral rings vs. electron-deficient rings) is available by this approach. The method surprisingly switched over to be an efficient acetylation approach in the case of aliphatic alcs. without the use of any transition metal, phosphorus or other toxic reagents or any need for using toxic acyl halides, sulfonyl halides, anhydrides, etc. by the use of only acetic acid as a reagent. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (3-Methyl-2-nitrophenyl)methanol (cas: 80866-76-8Electric Literature of C8H9NO3).

(3-Methyl-2-nitrophenyl)methanol (cas: 80866-76-8) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Electric Literature of C8H9NO3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Modeling and synthesis of non-cyclic derivatives of GPI-1046 as potential FKBP ligands with neurotrophic properties was written by Zhao, Liqin;Liu, Hongying;Wang, Lili;Li, Song. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2006.HPLC of Formula: 94022-96-5 This article mentions the following:

Prompted by the therapeutic potential of the neuroimmunophilin FK506-binding protein (FKBP) ligand, GPI-1046, in the treatment of nerve injuries and neurodegenerative diseases, a novel series of noncyclic derivatives of GPI-1046 were designed and synthesized. Computer modeling anal. revealed that these relatively linear derivatives could energy-favorably bind to FKBP12 with an analogous binding mode to GPI-1046. The neurotrophic activity of the target compounds was assessed in chick dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cultures. As a result, 6 out of 11 test compounds at either or both concentrations of 1 pM and 100 pM significantly promoted neurite outgrowth in DRGs in the presence of 0.15 ng/mL nerve growth factor (NGF). Compound (I) at 100 pM exhibited the greatest neurotrophic effect in promoting both the number and length of neurite processes. However, in the absence of exogenously added NGF, all test compounds, including GPI-1046, failed to afford any pos. effect on DRGs. This study suggests the intriguing potential of these compounds for further investigation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol (cas: 94022-96-5HPLC of Formula: 94022-96-5).

2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol (cas: 94022-96-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.HPLC of Formula: 94022-96-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Transfer hydrogenation of aldehydes catalyzed by silyl hydrido iron complexes bearing a [PSiP] pincer ligand was written by Zhang, Peng;Li, Xiaoyan;Qi, Xinghao;Sun, Hongjian;Fuhr, Olaf;Fenske, Dieter. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2018.Application of 1777-82-8 This article mentions the following:

The synthesis and characterization of a series of silyl hydrido iron complexes bearing a pincer-type [PSiP] ligand (2-R₂PC₆H₄)₂SiH₂ (R = Ph (1) and ⁱPr (5)) or (2-Ph₂PC₆H₄)₂SiMeH (2) were reported. Preligand 1 reacted with Fe(PMe₃)₄ to afford complex ((2-Ph₂PC₆H₄)SiH)Fe(H)(PMe₃)₂ (3) in toluene, which was structurally characterized by x-ray diffraction. ((2-ⁱPr₂PC₆H₄)SiH)Fe(H)(PMe₃) (6) could be obtained from the reaction of preligand 5 with Fe(PMe₃)₄ in toluene. Furthermore, complex ((2-ⁱPr₂PC₆H₄)Si(OMe))Fe(H)(PMe₃) (7) was isolated by the reaction of complex 6 with 2 equiv MeOH in THF. The mol. structure of complex 7 was also determined by single-crystal x-ray anal. Complexes 3, 4, 6 and 7 showed good to excellent catalytic activity for transfer hydrogenation of aldehydes under mild conditions, using 2-propanol as both solvent and hydrogen donor. α,β-Unsaturated aldehydes could be selectively reduced to corresponding α,β-unsaturated alcs. The catalytic activity of penta-coordinate complex 6 or 7 is stronger than that of hexa-coordinate complex 3 or 4. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8Application of 1777-82-8).

(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Application of 1777-82-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Novel condensation products of diketene was written by Marcus, E.;Chan, John K.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1967.COA of Formula: C9H10O3 This article mentions the following:

A study of some self-condensation products of diketene was undertaken. In addition to dehydroacetic acid (I), 3,9-diacetyl-4,5,10-trimethyl-2H,8H-benzo[1,2-b:3,4-b’]dipyran-2,8-dione (II), 3,6-diacetyl-4,7-dimethyl-5-hydroxycoumarin (III), and 3,8-diacetyl-4,7-dimethyl-5-hydroxycoumarin (IV) were identified as condensation products of diketene. Support for these proposed structures was obtained by degradations, rearrangements, independent syntheses, and spectral data. A mechanism that rationalizes the formation of II, III, and IV is suggested. A newly discovered reaction by which II, III, and IV can be made directly from diketene in 26, 13, and 10% yields, resp., is also reported. 12 references. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone (cas: 1634-34-0COA of Formula: C9H10O3).

2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone (cas: 1634-34-0) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.COA of Formula: C9H10O3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effects of phenanthrene on the essential oil composition and leaf metabolome in peppermint plants (Mentha piperita L.) was written by Li, Jian;Xu, Jie;Yang, Xinping;Ren, Lili;Wang, Yi;Ma, Di;Fan, Ping;Wang, Haifeng;Liu, Longxiang;Dong, Bin;Chen, Qingfeng;Wu, Tao. And the article was included in Industrial Crops and Products in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 2216-51-5 This article mentions the following:

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an important type of persistent organic pollutant that endangers soil ecosystems and human health. Cultivating aromatic plants in PAH-contaminated soils is considered a safe and sustainable phytoremediation strategy to mitigate PAH soil pollution. However, the impact of PAHs on plant essential oils and the metabolic responses within aromatic plants remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of the model PAH phenanthrene (Phe) on the chem. composition of essential oils in the ubiquitous aromatic plant peppermint (Mentha piperita L.) using gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 56 essential oil components were identified in the plants, among which the ratios of 21 components were significantly altered by Phe exposure. However, the fundamental components of peppermint essential oils including menthol, menthone, menthofuran, and pulegone did not exhibit considerable changes in levels. Thus, Phe stress may have little effect on the primary characteristics of peppermint essential oils. We also evaluated the effects of Phe treatment on metabolome dynamics within peppermint leaves by detecting metabolites in leaves treated with Phe for 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 days (d) using non-targeted metabolomics. Compared with their corresponding control groups, 26 key different metabolites in the Phe-treated groups were identified and annotated via enrichment anal. with the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database. Enriched metabolites were primarily involved in the oxidation of unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs), phenylpropanoid metabolism, amino acids, and the formation of vitamin C and caffeine. Phe treatment significantly promoted the oxidation of UFAs, phenylpropanoid metabolism, and histidine production in the first three days of Phe treatment. After 3 d, Phe gradually suppressed the oxidation of UFAs and -glutamic acid production, while promoting phenylpropanoid metabolism, in addition to the synthesis of vitamin C and caffeine. The dynamic changes in metabolic pathway functioning in Phe-treated peppermint leaves reveal adaptive defensive mechanisms to mitigate Phe stress. This study provides new insights into the responses of aromatic plants toward PAH stress, while also providing a reference for the application of aromatic plants in the phytoremediation of PAH-contaminated soils. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5HPLC of Formula: 2216-51-5).

(1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.HPLC of Formula: 2216-51-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Possible use of turpentine for the production of terpin hydrate, terpineol and their derivatives was written by Nikolin, A.;Petrovic, Z.;Vrcevic, J.;Nikolin, B.. And the article was included in Glasnik Hemicara i Tehnologa Bosne i Hercegovine in 1977.Electric Literature of C10H22O3 This article mentions the following:

Terpin hydrate (I) [2451-01-6] and α-terpineol (II) [98-55-5] are prepared from turpentine oil without a preliminary separation of I and used for preparation of esters and ethers with various fatty acids and alkyl iodides, resp. Turpentine oil containing 60-85% pinene fraction was converted to I, II, and fatty acid esters. A 72% II was prepared by dehydration of I with H₃PO₄. α-Terpineol acetate [80-26-2] was prepared by addition of 100 g turpentine oil, in 5 mL portions, to a mixture of 200 g AcOH and 10 mL 50% H₂SO₄ at 30° and 1 h standing at room temperature Diacetate and diformate of I were prepared by the reaction of I with Ac₂O and HCO₂H. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6Electric Literature of C10H22O3).

rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Electric Literature of C10H22O3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

L-menthol-based eutectic solvents: Characterization and application in the removal of drugs from water was written by Bergua, Fernando;Castro, Miguel;Munoz-Embid, Jose;Lafuente, Carlos;Artal, Manuela. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Liquids in 2022.Safety of (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol This article mentions the following:

Increasing the sustainability of industrial processes implies the substitution of conventional solvents for others with less environmental impact. For its implementation, it is essential to know the value of the thermodn. and transport properties. In addition, having theories and correlations to predict their behavior under varied conditions is very interesting. In this work, we performed the thermophys. characterization of eutectic mixtures formed by L-menthol and medium chain fatty acids, deepening the study of the polymorphic behavior of L-menthol. In addition, we studied their ability both to dissolve drugs that are poorly soluble in water and to extract them from contaminated water. From the results, we can deduce that these mixtures may be suitable solvents in liquid-liquid extractions, although multistage processes can be necessary. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5Safety of (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol).

(1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Safety of (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Radical cascade synthesis of azoles via tandem hydrogen atom transfer was written by Chen, Andrew D.;Herbort, James H.;Wappes, Ethan A.;Nakafuku, Kohki M.;Mustafa, Darsheed N.;Nagib, David A.. And the article was included in Chemical Science.Application of 2968-93-6 This article mentions the following:

A radical cascade strategy for the modular synthesis of five-membered heteroarenes (e.g. oxazoles, imidazoles) I (R¹ = Ph, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 4-F₃C₆H₄, 2-naphthyl, biphenyl-4-yl, etc.; R² = Ph, 2-pyridinyl, 4-IC₆H₄, 3-MeC₆H₄, etc.), II (R³ = 4-F₃CC₆H₄, CCl₃) from feedstock reagents (e.g. alcs., (R²CH₂CH₂OH), amines (such as., benzylamine, morpholine, pyrrolidine), nitriles R¹CN) has been developed. This double C-H oxidation is enabled by in situ generated imidate R¹C(=N)OCH₂CH₂R² and acyloxy radicals, which afford regio- and chemo-selective β C-H bis-functionalization. The broad synthetic utility of this tandem hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) approach to access azoles is included, along with experiments and computations that provide insight into the selectivity and mechanism of both HAT events. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6Application of 2968-93-6).

2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Application of 2968-93-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts