Tag: 100-200

On December 31, 1996, Ballantyne, Bryan; Leung, Hon-Wing published an article.Related Products of 2160-93-2 The title of the article was Acute toxicity and primary irritancy of alkylalkanolamines. And the article contained the following:

The acute handling hazards of several alkylalkanolamines were determined by investigating their potential acute toxicity and primary irritancy. Materials studied were N-methylethanolamine (MEA), N, N-dimethylethanolamine (DMEA), N, N-dimethylisopropanolamine (DMIPA), N-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA), and tert-butyldiethanolamine (BDEA). All these alkylalkanolamines were of comparable acute peroral toxicity in the rat (LD50 range 1.48-2.83 mL/kg). By 24 h occluded epicutaneous contact in the rabbit, MEA, DMEA and DMIPA were of moderate acute percutaneous toxicity (LD50 range 1.13-2.0 mL/kg), MDEA was of slight acute percutaneous toxicity (LD50 male 9.85 mL/kg, female 10.90 mL/kg), and BDEA of intermediate toxicity (LD50 6.4 mL/kg). Due to differences in vapor pressure the acute vapor exposure toxicity of the alkylalkanolamines to rats varied; MEA, MDEA and BDEA were of a low order of acute toxicity, and DMIPA was moderately toxic with an LT50 of 3.2 h for a saturated vapor atm. exposure. A 4 h-LC50 (rat combined sex) of 1461 ppm was determined for DMEA. All alkylalkanolamines studied, except MDEA, were moderately to markedly irritating and caused variable degrees of skin corrosivity; MDEA caused only transient minor skin irritation. In accord with the skin irritancy results, the eye irritancy from 0.005 mL MEA, DMEA, DMIPA and BDEA was severe, and that from MDEA was slight. Exposure to these compounds has implications for occupational health procedures. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,2′-(tert-Butylazanediyl)diethanol(cas: 2160-93-2).Related Products of 2160-93-2

The Article related to acute toxicity irritancy alkylalkanolamine, Toxicology: Chemicals (Household, Industrial, General) and other aspects.Related Products of 2160-93-2

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On November 30, 1995, Hermansky, Steven J.; Neptun, Douglas A.; Weaver, Elizabeth V.; Ballantyne, Bryan published an article.Related Products of 2160-93-2 The title of the article was Clinical pathology changes related to cutaneous irritation in the Fischer 344 rat and New Zealand White rabbit. And the article contained the following:

An evaluation of 27 repeated dose cutaneous application studies (9 applications of 6 h over an 11-day period) indicated that several hematol. and clin. chem. parameters may be altered by chem. induced skin irritation. Irresp. of species, values that were generally decreased included Hb concentration, hematocrit, erythrocyte count, and serum concentrations of calcium, potassium, inorganic phosphorus, and creatinine. Values that were increased included the neutrophil and total leukocyte counts. Some species differences were seen; for example, while the platelet count and serum globulin concentration were increased in rabbits only, the serum glucose, sodium, and chloride concentrations were increased in rats only. The mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular Hb (MCH), and serum albumin and total protein concentrations were variably affected. Changes were generally well associated with the degree of cutaneous irritation, but did not appear to be related to the chem. class of the test substances, decreased food consumption, loss of body weight, or systemic toxicity of the chem. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,2′-(tert-Butylazanediyl)diethanol(cas: 2160-93-2).Related Products of 2160-93-2

The Article related to chem toxicity cutaneous irritation pathol, Toxicology: Chemicals (Household, Industrial, General) and other aspects.Related Products of 2160-93-2

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On October 15, 2022, Michailidis, Michail; Titeli, Vaia Styliani; Karagiannis, Evangelos; Feidaki, Kyriaki; Ganopoulos, Ioannis; Tanou, Georgia; Argiriou, Anagnostis; Molassiotis, Athanassios published an article.Name: 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid The title of the article was Tissue-specific transcriptional analysis outlines calcium-induced core metabolic changes in sweet cherry fruit. And the article contained the following:

The role of calcium in fruit ripening has been established, however knowledge regarding the mol. anal. at fruit tissue-level is still lacking. To address this, we examined the impact of foliar-applied calcium (0.5% CaCl2) in the ripening metabolism in skin and flesh tissues of the sweet cherry ‘Tragana Edessis’ fruit at the harvest stage. Exogenously applied calcium increased endogenous calcium level in flesh tissue and reduced fruit respiration rate and cracking traits. Fruit metabolomic along with transcriptomic anal. unraveled common and tissue-specific metabolic pathways associated with calcium feeding. Treatment with calcium diminished several alcs. (arabitol, sorbitol), sugars (fructose, maltose), acids (glyceric acid, threonic acid) and increased ribose and proline in both fruit tissues. Moreover, numerous primary metabolites, such as proline and galacturonic acid, were differentially accumulated in calcium-exposed tissues. Calcium-affected genes that involved in ubiquitin/ubl conjugation and cell wall biogenesis/degradation were differentially expressed between skin and flesh samples. Notably, skin and flesh tissues shared common calcium-responsive genes and exhibited substantial similarity in their expression patterns. In both tissues, calcium activated gene expression, most strongly those involved in plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signaling and MAPK signaling pathway, thus affecting related metabolic processes. By contrast, calcium depressed the expression of genes related to TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and starch/sucrose metabolism in both tissues. This work established both calcium-driven common and specialized metabolic suites in skin and flesh cherry tissues, demonstrating the utility of this approach to characterize fundamental aspects of calcium in fruit physiol. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid(cas: 473-81-4).Name: 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid

The Article related to sweet cherry fruit calcium metabolic change tissue transcriptional analysis, calcium, flesh and skin tissues, metabolomic, sweet cherry fruit, transcriptomic, Plant Biochemistry: Classical Genetics and Phylogeny and other aspects.Name: 2,3-Dihydroxypropanoic acid

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On September 27, 2022, Soh, Eugene Jia Hao; Astier, Hippolyte P. A. G.; Daniel, Dan; Isaiah Chua, Jia Qing; Miserez, Ali; Jia, Zian; Li, Ling; O’Shea, Sean J.; Bhaskaran, Harish; Tomczak, Nikodem; Nijhuis, Christian A. published an article.Recommanded Product: 1-Decanethiol The title of the article was AFM Manipulation of EGaIn Microdroplets to Generate Controlled, On-Demand Contacts on Molecular Self-Assembled Monolayers. And the article contained the following:

Liquid metal droplets, such as eutectic gallium-indium (EGaIn), are important in many research areas, such as soft electronics, catalysis, and energy storage. Droplet contact on solid surfaces is typically achieved without control over the applied force and without optimizing the wetting properties in different environments (e.g., in air or liquid), resulting in poorly defined contact areas. In this work, we demonstrate the direct manipulation of EGaIn microdroplets using an at. force microscope (AFM) to generate repeated, on-demand making and breaking of contact on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkanethiols. The nanoscale positional control and feedback loop in an AFM allow us to control the contact force at the nanonewton level and, consequently, tune the droplet contact areas at the micrometer length scale in both air and ethanol. When submerged in ethanol, the droplets are highly nonwetting, resulting in hysteresis-free contact forces and minimal adhesion; as a result, we are able to create reproducible geometric contact areas of 0.8-4.5μm2 with the alkanethiolate SAMs in ethanol. In contrast, there is a larger hysteresis in the contact forces and larger adhesion for the same EGaIn droplet in air, which reduced the control over the contact area (4-12μm2). We demonstrate the usefulness of the technique and of the gained insights in EGaIn contact mechanics by making well-defined mol. tunneling junctions based on alkanethiolate SAMs with small geometric contact areas of between 4 and 12μm2 in air, 1 to 2 orders of magnitude smaller than previously achieved. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1-Decanethiol(cas: 143-10-2).Recommanded Product: 1-Decanethiol

The Article related to gallium indium eutectic microdroplet afm self assembly monolayer, egain, atomic force microscopy, liquid metal, micromanipulation, molecular electronics, Surface Chemistry and Colloids: Solid-Liquid Systems and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 1-Decanethiol

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On November 20, 2002, Bazylak, Grzegorz; Nagels, Luc J. published an article.Name: 2,2′-(tert-Butylazanediyl)diethanol The title of the article was Potentiometric detection of N,N’-diethylaminoethanol and lysosomotropic amino alcohols in cation-exchange high-performance liquid-chromatography systems. And the article contained the following:

Potentiometric detection of N,N’-diethylaminoethanol (DEAE) and a series of related physiol. relevant lysosomotropic amino alcs. was carried out by cation-exchange HPLC. Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)-based liquid membrane electrode coatings were used which contained the lipophilic cation exchanger tetrakis(p-chlorophenyl)borate (TCPB) either alone or in combination with one of the macrocyclic ionophores hexakis-(2,3,6-tri-O-octyl)-α-cyclodextrin (CDX), dibenzo-18-crown-6 (CRW) or calix[6]arene hexaethylacetate ester (CLX). With all the PVC membrane electrodes used, improved sensitivity over UV detection at 210 nm was obtained for the aliphatic amino alcs. analyzed. Especially, addition of CLX to the PVC-based membrane led to highly enhanced detection limits for the lower-mol.-weight lysosomotropic amino compounds, i.e., aminoethanol and methylamine. The performance of the proposed potentiometric detection method was demonstrated in cation-exchange HPLC modes employing two different aqueous mobile phase systems with pH 2.30 comprising H3PO4 or HOAc with MeCN as organic modifier. Detection limits of 1.1 × 10-8 and 2.4 × 10-8M (injected concentrations) were achieved for N-methylaminoethanol and hexylamine, resp., by using a CLX-based electrode. Sensitive and reliable determination of DEAE, a local anesthetic agent, after liquid-liquid or solid-phase extraction from fortified bovine serum samples was obtained with the HPLC method coupled with the proposed potentiometric detection system. A linear free-energy relationship based on a general solvation equation was used to predict detection limits of amino alcs. from their mol. structure in the potentiometric detectors employing CLX and CRW. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2,2′-(tert-Butylazanediyl)diethanol(cas: 2160-93-2).Name: 2,2′-(tert-Butylazanediyl)diethanol

The Article related to amino alc determination hplc potentiometry, diethylaminoethanol determination blood liquid chromatog potentiometry, Pharmaceutical Analysis: Synthetic Organic Compounds and other aspects.Name: 2,2′-(tert-Butylazanediyl)diethanol

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Alcohol – Wikipedia,
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On February 9, 2021, Bhadra, Pratiti; Siu, Shirley W. I. published an article.Formula: C10H22S The title of the article was Effect of Concentration, Chain Length, Hydrophobicity, and an External Electric Field on the Growth of Mixed Alkanethiol Self-Assembled Monolayers: A Molecular Dynamics Study. And the article contained the following:

Growing functionalized self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) with fewer defects and lower cost is the focus of ongoing investigations. In the present study, mol. dynamics simulations were performed to investigate the process of SAM formation on a gold substrate from mixed alkanethiolates in ethanol solution Using the mixed-SAM system of 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) with either 1-decanethiol (C9CH3) or 6-mercaptohexanol (C6OH) in a 3:7 ratio as the standard SAM model, we systematically investigated the effects of the concentration, chain length, functional group, and an external elec. field on SAM growth. The results showed that the initial growth rate and surface coverage of the SAM are dependent on the ligand concentration At a certain high concentration (about 1.2-1.5 times the min. concentration), the final surface coverage is optimal. Reducing the chain length and increasing the proportion of hydrophobic diluting mols. are effective ways to improve the surface coverage, but the compositional ligands have to be changed, which may not be desirable for the functional requirements of SAMs. Furthermore, by investigating the behavior of the alkanethiolates and ethanol solvent under an applied external field, we find that a strong elec. field with a proper field direction can facilitate the generation of defect-free monolayers. These findings will contribute to the understanding of mixed-SAM formation and provide insight into exptl. design for efficient and effective SAM formation. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1-Decanethiol(cas: 143-10-2).Formula: C10H22S

The Article related to hydrophobicity alkanethiol self assembled monolayer md simulation, external elec field concentration, Surface Chemistry and Colloids: Solid-Liquid Systems and other aspects.Formula: C10H22S

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Reddy, Ambavaram Vijaya Bhaskar; Yusop, Zulkifli; Jaafar, Jafariah; Bin Aris, Azmi; Abdul Majid, Zaiton published an article in 2017, the title of the article was A simple, selective, and sensitive gas chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the analysis of five process-related impurities in atenolol bulk drug and capsule formulations.Reference of H-Phg(4-OH)-OH And the article contains the following content:

An extremely sensitive and simple gas chromatog. with mass spectrometry method was developed and completely validated for the anal. of five process-related impurities, viz., 4-hydroxy-L-phenylglycine, 4-hydroxyphenylacetonitrile, 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, methyl-4-hydroxyphenylacetate, and 2-[4-{(2RS)-2-hydroxy-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]propoxy}phenyl]acetonitrile, in atenolol. The separation of impurities was accomplished on a BPX-5 column with dimensions of 50 m × 0.25 mm i.d. and 0.25 μm film thickness. The method validation was performed following International Conference on Harmonisation guidelines in which the method was capable to quantitate 4-hydroxy-L-phenylglycine, 4-hydroxyphenylacetonitrile, and 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid at 0.3 ppm, and methyl-4-hydroxyphenylacetate and 2-[4-{(2RS)-2-hydroxy-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]propoxy}phenyl]acetonitrile at 0.35 ppm with respect to 10 mg/mL of atenolol. The method was linear over the concentration range of 0.3-10 ppm for 4-hydroxy-L-phenylglycine, 4-hydroxyphenylacetonitrile, and 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, and 0.35-10 ppm for methyl-4-hydroxyphenylacetate and 2-[4-{(2RS)-2-hydroxy-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]propoxy}phenyl]acetonitrile. The correlation coefficient in each case was found ≥0.998. The repeatability and recovery values were acceptable, and found between 89.38% and 105.60% for all five impurities under optimized operating conditions. The method developed here is simple, selective, and sensitive with apparently better resolution than the reported methods. Hence, the method is a straightforward and good quality control tool for the quantitation of selected impurities at trace concentrations in atenolol. The experimental process involved the reaction of H-Phg(4-OH)-OH(cas: 32462-30-9).Reference of H-Phg(4-OH)-OH

The Article related to atenolol impurity analysis gc ms, beta-blockers, genotoxicity, mass spectrometry, method validation, Pharmaceutical Analysis: Synthetic Organic Compounds and other aspects.Reference of H-Phg(4-OH)-OH

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On April 14, 2020, Girard, Henri-Louis; Bourrianne, Philippe; Chen, Dayong; Jaishankar, Aditya; Vreeland, Jessica L.; Cohen, Robert E.; Varanasi, Kripa K.; McKinley, Gareth H. published an article.Formula: C10H22S The title of the article was Asphaltene Adsorption on Functionalized Solids. And the article contained the following:

Asphaltenes, heavy aromatic components of crude oil, are known to adsorb on surfaces and can lead to pipe clogging or hinder oil recovery. Because of their multicomponent structure, the details of their interactions with surfaces are complex. We investigate the effect of the physicochem. properties of the substrate on the extent and mechanism of this adsorption. Using wetting measurements, we relate the initial kinetics of deposition to the interfacial energy of the surface. We then quantify the long-term adsorption dynamics using a quartz crystal microbalance and ellipsometry. Finally, we investigate the mechanism and morphol. of adsorption with force spectroscopy measurements as a function of surface chem. We determine different adsorption regimes differing in orientation, packing d., and initial kinetics on different substrate functionalizations. Specifically, we find that alkane substrates delay the initial monolayer formation, fluorinated surfaces exhibit fast adsorption but low bonding strength, and hydroxyl substrates lead to a different adsorption orientation and a high packing d. of the asphaltene layer. The experimental process involved the reaction of 1-Decanethiol(cas: 143-10-2).Formula: C10H22S

The Article related to asphaltene adsorption solid functionalized silicon gold hydroxyl alkane fluorinated, Surface Chemistry and Colloids: Solid-Liquid Systems and other aspects.Formula: C10H22S

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Hayashi, Mikihiro; Obara, Haruna; Miwa, Yohei published an article in 2021, the title of the article was Design and basic properties of polyester vitrimers combined with an ionomer concept.Reference of Pentane-1,5-diol And the article contains the following content:

Vitrimers are a novel class of crosslinked materials containing associative bond exchange properties. Here we demonstrate the preparation of vitrimers with ionic components to investigate the effects of ion-rich domain formation on vitrimer properties. An amorphous polyester that bears COOH side groups was synthesized, and some fraction of COOH was neutralized with Zn2+. The residual non-neutralized COOH was reacted with diepoxy crosslinkers, resulting in a network with ester bonds, OH groups, and COOH groups neutralized with Zn2+. The sample was further thermally annealed to induce aggregation of Zn2+ ionic groups. The aggregated Zn2+ groups in the network remained active for trans-esterification-based bond exchange, wherein the degree of ion aggregation can be a factor in tuning the bond-exchange properties. The present study provides some important knowledge on the design of new mol. systems of vitrimers with tunable bond exchange properties. The experimental process involved the reaction of Pentane-1,5-diol(cas: 111-29-5).Reference of Pentane-1,5-diol

The Article related to polyester vitrimer polycondensation michael addition reaction, Chemistry of Synthetic High Polymers: Organic Addition Polymerization and other aspects.Reference of Pentane-1,5-diol

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On May 1, 2013, Greco, M. N.; Connelly, M. A.; Leo, G. C.; Olson, M. W.; Powell, E.; Huang, Z.; Hawkins, M.; Smith, C.; Schalk-Hihi, C.; Darrow, A. L.; Xin, H.; Lang, W.; Damiano, B. P.; Hlasta, D. J. published an article.Name: (2-Fluorophenyl)methanethiol The title of the article was A thiocarbamate inhibitor of endothelial lipase raises HDL cholesterol levels in mice. And the article contained the following:

By screening directed libraries of serine hydrolase inhibitors using the cell surface form of endothelial lipase (EL), the authors identified a series of carbamate-derived (EL) inhibitors. Compound (I) raised plasma HDL-C levels in the mouse, and a correlation was found between HDL-C and plasma compound levels. Spectroscopic and kinetic studies support a covalent mechanism of inhibition. The authors’ findings represent the first report of EL inhibition as an effective means for increasing HDL-C in an in vivo model. The experimental process involved the reaction of (2-Fluorophenyl)methanethiol(cas: 72364-46-6).Name: (2-Fluorophenyl)methanethiol

The Article related to thiocarbamate endothelial lipase hdl cholesterol preparation, Pharmacology: Effects Of Cardiovascular, Hematologic, and Renal Drugs and other aspects.Name: (2-Fluorophenyl)methanethiol

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