Tag: 100-200

In 2019,Chemistry – A European Journal included an article by Guo, Junkai; Kuang, Cuiwen; Rong, Jian; Li, Lingchun; Ni, Chuanfa; Hu, Jinbo. Computed Properties of C3H7BrO. The article was titled 《Rapid Deoxyfluorination of Alcohols with N-Tosyl-4-chlorobenzenesulfonimidoyl Fluoride (SulfoxFluor) at Room Temperature》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The deoxyfluorination of alcs. is a fundamentally important approach to access alkyl fluorides, and thus the development of shelf-stable, easy-to-handle, fluorine-economical, and highly selective deoxyfluorination reagents is highly desired. This work describes the development of a crystalline compound, N-tosyl-4-chlorobenzenesulfonimidoyl fluoride (SulfoxFluor, I), as a novel deoxyfluorination reagent that possesses all of the aforementioned merits, which is rare in the arena of deoxyfluorination. Endowed by the multi-dimensional modulating ability of the sulfonimidoyl group, SulfoxFluor is superior to 2-pyridinesulfonyl fluoride (PyFluor) in fluorination rate, and is also superior to perfluorobutanesulfonyl fluoride (PBSF) in fluorine-economy. Its reaction with alcs. not only tolerates a wide range of functionalities including the more sterically hindered alc. hydroxyl groups, but also exhibits high fluorination/elimination selectivity. Because SulfoxFluor can be easily prepared from inexpensive materials and can be safely handled without special techniques, it promises to serve as a practical deoxyfluorination reagent for the synthesis of various alkyl fluorides.3-Bromopropan-1-ol(cas: 627-18-9Computed Properties of C3H7BrO) was used in this study.

3-Bromopropan-1-ol(cas: 627-18-9) was used in the synthesis of fluorescent halide-sensitive quinolinium dyes and molten salt-polymers. Furthermore, it was used in the synthesis of chiral, quaternary prolines via cyclization of quaternary amino acids.Computed Properties of C3H7BrO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 2013,Gregory, Karen J.; Nguyen, Elizabeth D.; Reiff, Sean D.; Squire, Emma F.; Stauffer, Shaun R.; Lindsley, Craig W.; Meiler, Jens; Conn, P. Jeffrey published 《Probing the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu5) positive allosteric modulator (PAM) binding pocket: discovery of point mutations that engender a “”molecular switch”” in PAM pharmacology》.Molecular Pharmacology published the findings.Name: Azetidin-3-ol hydrochloride The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Pos. allosteric modulation of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGlu5) is a promising novel approach for the treatment of schizophrenia and cognitive disorders. Allosteric binding sites are topog. distinct from the endogenous ligand (orthosteric) binding site, allowing for co-occupation of a single receptor with the endogenous ligand and an allosteric modulator. Neg. allosteric modulators (NAMs) inhibit and pos. allosteric modulators (PAMs) enhance the affinity and/or efficacy of the orthosteric agonist. The mol. determinants that govern mGlu5 modulator affinity vs. cooperativity are not well understood. Focusing on the modulators based on the acetylene scaffold, the authors sought to determine the mol. interactions that contribute to PAM vs. NAM pharmacol. Generation of a comparative model of the transmembrane-spanning region of mGlu5 served as a tool to predict and interpret the impact of mutations in this region. Application of an operational model of allosterism allowed for determination of PAM and NAM affinity estimates at receptor constructs that possessed no detectable radioligand binding as well as delineation of effects on affinity vs. cooperativity. Novel mutations within the transmembrane domain (TM) regions were identified that had differential effects on acetylene PAMs vs. 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine, a prototypical NAM. Three conserved amino acids (Y658, T780, and S808) and two non-conserved residues (P654 and A809) were identified as key determinants of PAM activity. Interestingly, the authors identified two point mutations in TMs 6 and 7 that, when mutated, engender a mode switch in the pharmacol. of certain PAMs. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as Azetidin-3-ol hydrochloride(cas: 18621-18-6Name: Azetidin-3-ol hydrochloride)

Azetidin-3-ol hydrochloride(cas:18621-18-6) is one of azetidine.Azetidines (azacyclobutanes) constitute a well-known class of heterocyclic compounds. Azetidine scaffold has been discovered in several natural products.Name: Azetidin-3-ol hydrochloride Several pharmacologically important synthetic compounds also contain azetidine ring. Because of inherent ring strain, the synthesis of azetidines is a challenging endeavor.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 1966,Polimery (Warsaw, Poland) included an article by Mleziva, Josef. Formula: C10H14O2. The article was titled 《Inhibitors of the copolymerization of unsaturated polyester resins》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The effect of 32 inhibitors (p-quinones, hydroquinones, pyrocatechols, pyrogallols, and naphthols) was studied in 3 polymerization mixture (fumaric acid in %, maleic acid in %, modifying acid, glycol and telomerization agent given): (mixture A) 29.1, 1.7, phthalic acid (I), ethylene glycol (II), methylcyclohexanol (III); (mixture B) 21.1, 1.3, I, II, III; (mixture C) 24.3, 2.1, adipic acid, diethylene glycol, -. The polyesters had 51, 49.4, and 30.8 acid number, resp. The polymerization was performed at 20° in the dark, in sunlight, in regular lamp light, or at 110° and then the polyesters were cured at 20° in presence of 3% methylcyclohexanol peroxide and 1% Co naphthenate. Best results were obtained with 2,5-dichloro-p-benzoquinone.4-Butylbenzene-1,2-diol(cas: 2525-05-5Formula: C10H14O2) was used in this study.

4-Butylbenzene-1,2-diol(cas: 2525-05-5) belongs to organoboron compounds. Organoboron compounds are versatile intermediates and as such are some of the most important classes of reagents in modern organic chemistry.Formula: C10H14O2 Organoboron compounds are less toxic than organostannane reagents, and unlike alkynylzinc and magnesium, many organoboron compounds possess remarkable oxidative and thermal stabilities.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Quality Control of 4,4-Diethoxybutan-1-amineOn May 5, 2021 ,《Phenothiazine-Tacrine Heterodimers: Pursuing Multitarget Directed Approach in Alzheimer’s Disease》 appeared in ACS Chemical Neuroscience. The author of the article were Gorecki, Lukas; Uliassi, Elisa; Bartolini, Manuela; Janockova, Jana; Hrabinova, Martina; Hepnarova, Vendula; Prchal, Lukas; Muckova, Lubica; Pejchal, Jaroslav; Karasova, Jana Z.; Mezeiova, Eva; Benkova, Marketa; Kobrlova, Tereza; Soukup, Ondrej; Petralla, Sabrina; Monti, Barbara; Korabecny, Jan; Bolognesi, Maria Laura. The article conveys some information:

Since 2002, no clin. candidate against Alzheimer’s disease has reached the market; hence, an effective therapy is urgently needed. We followed the so-called “”multitarget directed ligand”” approach and designed 36 novel tacrine-phenothiazine heterodimers which were in vitro evaluated for their anticholinesterase properties. The assessment of the structure-activity relationships of such derivatives highlighted compound 1dC as a potent and selective acetylcholinesterase inhibitor with IC50 = 8 nM and 1aA as a potent butyrylcholinesterase inhibitor with IC50 = 15 nM. Selected hybrids, namely, 1aC, 1bC, 1cC, 1dC, and 2dC, showed a significant inhibitory activity toward τ(306-336) peptide aggregation with percent inhibition ranging from 50.5 to 62.1%. Likewise, 1dC and 2dC exerted a remarkable ability to inhibit self-induced Aβ1-42 aggregation. Notwithstanding, in vitro studies displayed cytotoxicity toward HepG2 cells and cerebellar granule neurons; no pathophysiol. abnormality was observed when 1dC was administered to mice at 14 mg/kg (i.p.). 1dC was also able to permeate to the CNS as shown by in vitro and in vivo models. The maximum brain concentration was close to the IC50 value for acetylcholinesterase inhibition with a relatively slow elimination half-time. 1dC showed an acceptable safety and good pharmacokinetic properties and a multifunctional biol. profile. The experimental process involved the reaction of 4,4-Diethoxybutan-1-amine(cas: 6346-09-4Quality Control of 4,4-Diethoxybutan-1-amine)

4,4-Diethoxybutan-1-amine(cas: 6346-09-4) belongs to anime. In organic chemistry, amines are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair. Amines are formally derivatives of ammonia (NH3), wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an alkyl or aryl group (these may respectively be called alkylamines and arylamines; amines in which both types of substituent are attached to one nitrogen atom may be called alkylarylamines).Quality Control of 4,4-Diethoxybutan-1-amine

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Product Details of 54-17-1On November 30, 2020 ,《Thermal, Morphological, and Functional Characterization of Gros Michel Banana Starch Modified with Octenyl Succinic Anhydride》 appeared in Starch/Staerke. The author of the article were Quintero-Castano, Victor D.; Bello-Perez, Luis A.; Alvarez-Barreto, Cristina I.; Castellanos-Galeano, Francisco J.; Rodriguez-Garcia, Mario E.. The article conveys some information:

Banana is a food crop produced extensively in Colombia for fresh consumption. This fruit in the green state has a large amount of starch, which-unlike other Musaceae-has a small granule size that makes it attractive for use in the food industry. This work characterizes physicochem., morphol., structurally, and functionally isolated and modified starches from Gros Michel banana. This characterization uses techniques like SEM, XRD, FTIR, DSC, RVA, and HPLC. The results show a morphol. change, given that the granules display superficial adherence of small masses. The IR spectra shows mol. vibrations in the modified starch at 1578 and 1745 cm-1; the X-ray diffraction patterns show alteration of the 3D starch structure, given that it changes in large proportion from a hexagonal to a monoclinic conformation after the modification. The maximum viscosities obtained via RVA change from 1380 cP for the isolated starch to 1247 cP for the modified starch. The amylopectin/amylose ratio is altered after the modification, going from 75/25 to 87/13. Modified starches are a viable alternative for use in the food industry as additives to stabilize emulsions that do not need high processing temperatures In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as rel-(3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetraol(cas: 54-17-1Product Details of 54-17-1)

rel-(3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetraol(cas: 54-17-1) is oxidized in various tissues under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions through glycolysis; the oxidation reaction produces carbon dioxide, water, and ATP.Product Details of 54-17-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Recommanded Product: 54-17-1On March 1, 2021, Bridi, Raquel; Lino von Poser, Gilsane; Gomez, Miguel; Andia, Marcelo E.; Oyarzun, Juan Esteban; Nunez, Paula; Vasquez Arias, Ariadsna Jael; Espinosa-Bustos, Christian published an article in Journal of Ethnopharmacology. The article was 《Hepatoprotective species from the Chilean medicinal flora: Junellia spathulata (Verbenaceae)》. The article mentions the following:

Chilean population relies on medicinal plants for treating a wide range of illnesses, especially those of the gastrointestinal system. Junellia spathulata (Gillies & Hook.) Moldenke var. spathulata (Verbenaceae), called as “”verbena-azul-de-cordilleira””, is a medicinal plant native to Argentina and Chile traditionally used for treating digestive disorders. Although the species of the genus are important as therapeutic resources for the Andean population, the plants are very scarcely studied. The purpose of the present study was to find out the main constituents and investigate the protective effect of J. spathulata against oxidative stress induced by the potent oxidant 2,2-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) in human hepatoblastoma cells.The crude methanol extract of J. spathulata and an iridoid obtained by chromatog. processes were tested to access the hepatoprotective effect and cytotoxicity in HepG2 cell. In addition, the reducing power of the samples and their ability to scavenge free radicals were evaluated using FRAP and ORAC assay systems. The iridoid asperuloside, the main compound of the crude methanol extract of J. spathulata, was isolated and identified by means of NMR anal. The crude methanol extract of J. spathulata and asperuloside protected HepG2 cells against oxidative damage triggered by AAPH-derived free radicals. This effect can be credited to the ability of the extract and asperuloside to protect the liver cells from chem.-induced injury, which might be correlated to their free radical scavenging potential. This study exptl. evidenced the ethnopharmacol. usefulness of J. spathulata as a treatment of digestive disorders. Our result could stimulate further investigations of hepatoprotective agents in other Chilean Junellia species. After reading the article, we found that the author used rel-(3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetraol(cas: 54-17-1Recommanded Product: 54-17-1)

rel-(3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetraol(cas: 54-17-1) is oxidized in various tissues under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions through glycolysis; the oxidation reaction produces carbon dioxide, water, and ATP.Recommanded Product: 54-17-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthetic Route of C6H13NOIn 2017 ,《Structure-Affinity Relationships and Structure-Kinetic Relationships of 1,2-Diarylimidazol-4-carboxamide Derivatives as Human Cannabinoid 1 Receptor Antagonists》 was published in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. The article was written by Xia, Lizi; de Vries, Henk; Lenselink, Eelke B.; Louvel, Julien; Waring, Michael J.; Cheng, Leifeng; Pahlen, Sara; Petersson, Maria J.; Schell, Peter; Olsson, Roine I.; Heitman, Laura H.; Sheppard, Robert J.; IJzerman, Adriaan P.. The article contains the following contents:

The synthesis and biol. evaluation of a series of 1,2-diarylimidazol-4-carboxamide derivatives, e.g. I, developed as CB1 receptor antagonists is reported. These were evaluated in a radioligand displacement binding assay, a [35S]GTPγS binding assay, and in a competition association assay that enables the relatively fast kinetic screening of multiple compounds The compounds show high affinities and a diverse range of kinetic profiles at the CB1 receptor and their structure-kinetic relationships (SKRs) were established. Using the recently resolved hCB1 receptor crystal structures, a modeling study was performed that sheds light on the crucial interactions for both the affinity and dissociation kinetics of this family of ligands. Evidence is provided that, next to affinity, addnl. knowledge of binding kinetics is useful for selecting new hCB1 receptor antagonists in the early phases of drug discovery. The experimental process involved the reaction of trans-4-Aminocyclohexanol(cas: 27489-62-9Synthetic Route of C6H13NO)

trans-4-Aminocyclohexanol(cas: 27489-62-9) belongs to anime. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and peroxy acids generally add an oxygen atom to the nitrogen of amines. With primary amines, this step is normally followed by further oxidation, leading to nitroso compounds, RNO, or nitro compounds, RNO2. Secondary amines are converted to hydroxylamines, R2NOH, and tertiary amines to amine oxides, R3NO.Synthetic Route of C6H13NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Computed Properties of C7H9NO2In 2018 ,《””Reverse”” pyridyl cryptands as hosts for viologens》 appeared in Heteroatom Chemistry. The author of the article were Pederson, Adam M.-P.; Price, Terry L. Jr; Schoonover, Daniel V.; Slebodnick, Carla; Gibson, Harry W.. The article conveys some information:

Two new cryptands were prepared from bis(m-phenylene)-32-crown-10 (BMP32) 5,5′-diacid chloride and dibenzo-30-crown-10 (DB30) 4,4′-diacid chloride, resp., by reaction with pyridine-2,6-dimethanol. The resultant cryptands have the ester moieties reversed from previously reported isomers. These “”reverse”” cryptands display lower association constants with viologen derivatives than the original cryptands; this is rationalized by the conjugation of the ester moieties with the aromatic rings, which reduces their electron-donating properties and offsets the increased basicity of the pyridyl nitrogen atoms. The crystal structure of the BMP32-based cryptand indeed confirms the coplanarity of the ester and aromatic moieties and indicates that, as a result, the available cavity is quite small and that the pyridyl nitrogen atom points away from the cavity. After reading the article, we found that the author used 2,6-Pyridinedimethanol(cas: 1195-59-1Computed Properties of C7H9NO2)

2,6-Pyridinedimethanol(cas: 1195-59-1) belongs to pyridine. Pyridine and pyridine-derived structures are privileged pharmacophores in medicinal chemistry and an essential functionality for organic chemists. As the prototypical π-deficient heterocycle, pyridine illustrates distinctive chemistry as both substrate and reagent. Computed Properties of C7H9NO2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

COA of Formula: C3H8ClNOIn 2010 ,《Fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibitors. 2. Novel synthesis of sterically hindered azabenzhydryl ethers and an improved synthesis of VER-156084》 appeared in Tetrahedron Letters. The author of the article were Roughley, Stephen D.; Hart, Terance. The article conveys some information:

An improved synthesis of the fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) inhibitor azetidinyl ether VER-156084 I was reported. The key step is a novel, environmentally benign etherification to form an unusual, highly hindered azabenzhydryl ether. The method is applied to a variety of primary and secondary alcs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Azetidin-3-ol hydrochloride(cas: 18621-18-6COA of Formula: C3H8ClNO)

Azetidin-3-ol hydrochloride(cas:18621-18-6) is one of azetidine.Azetidines (azacyclobutanes) constitute a well-known class of heterocyclic compounds. Azetidine scaffold has been discovered in several natural products.COA of Formula: C3H8ClNO Several pharmacologically important synthetic compounds also contain azetidine ring. Because of inherent ring strain, the synthesis of azetidines is a challenging endeavor.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In 2022,Gutierrez-Bonet, Alvaro; Popov, Stasik; Emmert, Marion H.; Hughes, Jonathan M. E.; Nolting, Andrew F.; Ruccolo, Serge; Wang, Yunyi published an article in Organic Letters. The title of the article was 《Asymmetric Synthesis of Tertiary and Secondary Cyclopropyl Boronates via Cyclopropanation of Enantioenriched Alkenyl Boronic Esters》.Safety of (1S,2R)-1-Amino-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ol The author mentioned the following in the article:

The cyclopropanation of alkenyl boronates and subsequent derivatization of the boronate handle are a convenient strategy to quickly build mol. complexity and access diverse compounds with a high sp3 fraction. Herein, the authors describe the asym. cyclopropanation of enantioenriched hydrobenzoin-derived alkenyl boronic esters toward the synthesis of tertiary and secondary cyclopropyl boronates.(1S,2R)-1-Amino-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ol(cas: 126456-43-7Safety of (1S,2R)-1-Amino-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ol) was used in this study.

(1S,2R)-1-Amino-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ol(cas: 126456-43-7) belongs to anime. To avoid the problem of multiple alkylation, methods have been devised for “blocking” substitution so that only one alkyl group is introduced. The Gabriel synthesis is one such method; it utilizes phthalimide, C6H4(CO)2NH, whose one acidic hydrogen atom has been removed upon the addition of a base such as KOH to form a salt.Safety of (1S,2R)-1-Amino-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts