Tag: 100-200

New dendrimers containing ruthenium nanoparticles as catalysts for hydrogenation of citral to 3,7-dimethyloctanol was written by Keshtiara, Parastoo;Hadadzadeh, Hassan;Daryanavard, Marzieh;Mousavi, Negin;Dinari, Mohammad. And the article was included in Materials Chemistry and Physics in 2020.HPLC of Formula: 106-21-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Two silica-supported dendrimers containing ruthenium nanoparticles (S-D/RuNPs) have been synthesized through the divergent method and characterized by the attenuated total reflectance-IR (ATR-IR), field-emission SEM (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and inductively coupled plasma (ICP) techniques. To prepare S-D/RuNPs, a first-generation dendrimer was synthesized from hexakis(bromomethyl)benzene (hex) core and vanillin branches. In the next step, second-generation dendrimers, hexpyD and hexbzaD, were synthesized by the reaction of the first-generation dendrimer with ortho-aminopyridine (py) and para-aminobenzoic acid (bza), resp. The second-generation dendrimers, hexpyD and hexbzaD, were then reacted with ruthenium(III) chloride to form the hexanuclear Ru(III) complexes which were immobilized on a silica support and reduced by NaBH₄ in 2-methoxyethanol as the solvent. The mean size of the ruthenium nanoparticles encapsulated within the dendrimers was found to be 2 and 6 nm in hexpyD and hexbzaD, resp. In addition, the catalytic activity of the synthesized nanoparticles were investigated on the hydrogenation of citral (3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienal) to 3,7-dimethyloctanol. The effect of S-D/RuNPs catalysts on the hydrogenation reaction was monitored by gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The results revealed that the increase of the reaction temperature and reaction time leads to a higher reaction yield at a constant pressure. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3,7-Dimethyloctan-1-ol (cas: 106-21-8HPLC of Formula: 106-21-8).

3,7-Dimethyloctan-1-ol (cas: 106-21-8) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.HPLC of Formula: 106-21-8

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Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effect of Biocompatible Esters and Alcohols as Cosurfactants on Structure and Solubilization Behavior of the Zwitterionic Surfactant Tetradecyldimethylamine Oxide was written by Gradzielski, Michael;Horbaschek, Klaus;Deme, Bruno. And the article was included in Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research in 2019.Computed Properties of C10H22O The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In this work, we compare the effect of different monoterpenoid alcs. that differ with respect to their number of double bonds and simple aromatic esters of variable mol. architecture as cosurfactants on the phase behavior of the zwitterionic surfactant tetradecyldimethylamine oxide (TDMAO) and its solubilization behavior, with respect to decane as a model paraffin oil. The esters are shown to be potent cosurfactants but require higher concentrations to achieve similar effects, with respect to structural changes and solubilization enhancement. Compared to the alcs., they solubilize somewhat smaller amounts of decane, do reduce the interfacial tension substantially less, and also do not form an isotropic phase of unilamellar vesicles (L₄) but directly multilamellar vesicles (L_αl). A very interesting effect is the significance of the detailed mol. architecture of the esters, as Et benzoate and benzyl acetate, both having the same sum formula, differ significantly, with respect to their cosurfactant properties. However, all systems allow one to incorporate relatively large amounts of the oil. For the case of the esters, this always leads to the formation of oil-in-water (O/W) microemulsion droplets while the alcs. can build in relatively large amounts of oil within their vesicular structures. These findings show that these biofriendly cosurfactants allow to formulate structurally rather versatile systems and efficiently enhance oil solubility for the given surfactant system. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3,7-Dimethyloctan-1-ol (cas: 106-21-8Computed Properties of C10H22O).

3,7-Dimethyloctan-1-ol (cas: 106-21-8) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Computed Properties of C10H22O

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Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Nanoscale wetting and fouling resistance of functionalized surfaces: Computational approach was written by Yiapanis, George;Maclaughlin, Shane;Evans, Evan J.;Yarovsky, Irene. And the article was included in Langmuir in 2014.COA of Formula: C9H20O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A computational modeling methodol. has been developed and employed to characterize the nanoscale wettability and antifouling properties of functionalized hard and deformable surfaces, with a specific focus on poly(ethylene glycol) grafted substrates and their resistance to graphitic carbons. Empirical evidence suggests that the antifouling behavior of polyethylene PEG is associated with two main mechanisms: steric repulsions and hydration via formation of a structured water layer. However, there is also little attention paid to the contribution of steric repulsion vs surface hydration. We examine these two mechanisms through a combination of in silico contact angle and force measurements at the nanoscale level. We investigate the properties of the grafted functional chains and the underlying substrate, responsible for resisting surface deposition of graphitic contaminants in aqueous solution Our results reveal that the fouling-release efficiency is enhanced when PEG chains are grafted onto hard hydrophilic substrates such as silica in contrast to deformable polymer substrates where surface modifications are effectively mitigated during interfacial contact with a hard contaminant. We conclude that the contribution of steric repulsion vs surface hydration to the antifouling ability of surfaces is strongly dependent on the nanoscale structure and deformability of the substrate. This generic method can be applied to examine individual contribution of steric repulsions and surface hydration to antifouling performance of grafted chains. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4COA of Formula: C9H20O2).

2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.COA of Formula: C9H20O2

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Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effect of monomer structure on crystallization and glass transition of flexible copolyesters was written by Pan, Chengqian;Lu, Jing;Wu, Binshuang;Wu, Linbo;Li, Bo-Geng. And the article was included in Journal of Polymers and the Environment in 2017.Electric Literature of C9H20O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Amorphous flexible (co)polyesters with low glass transition temperature (T_g) are very desirable in impact modification of biodegradable brittle polymers and synthesis of biodegradable elastomers. However, most flexible polyesters and binary copolyesters made from linear diacid(s) and diol(s) are crystalline polymers. In order to investigate the effect of monomer structure on the crystallization and T_g of such copolyesters, novel ternary or multiple flexible copolyesters containing various structural units were designed and synthesized in this study, and characterized with ¹HNMR, GPC, DSC, WAXD, TGA and tensile testing. Introducing aromatic diacid (especially asym. one) or short-chain branched diol is favorable to depress copolyester crystallization, and leads to higher T_g at the same time. From easily crystallized to fully amorphous copolyesters with low T_g were successfully synthesized by adopting different combination of structural units. In addition, the existence of aromatic structural unit in copolyesters is helpful to improve their tensile properties. Graphical Abstract: Flexible copolyesters containing various structural units were designed and synthesized. Introducing asym., rigid aromatic or short-chain branched unit is favorable to depress copolyester crystallization, and leads to higher T_g at the same time. Crystalline to fully amorphous copolyesters with low enough T_g have been successfully synthesized by adjusting the structural units. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4Electric Literature of C9H20O2).

2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Electric Literature of C9H20O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Evaluations of repellents for Hippelates eye gnats was written by Axtell, Richard C.. And the article was included in Journal of Economic Entomology in 1967.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Twenty chemicals or combinations of chemicals were evaluated for their repellency toward H. pusio with turntables in the field. Some of the materials were also tested against H. bishoppi and H. pallipes. The most effective repellents for H. pusio were: Triple Mix (63.8% di-Me phthalate + 18.8% Indalone (butyl 3,4-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-4-oxo-2H-pyran-6-carboxylate) + 17.3% ethylhexanediol), MGK (McLaughlin Gormley King Co.) Formula 5780 (75% ethylhexanediol + 4% MGK 264 (N-2-ethylhexyl)-5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboximide) + 1% MGK Repellent 11 (1,5a,6,9,9a,9b-hexahydro-4a-(4H)-dibenzofurancarboxaldehyde) + 1% MGK Repellent 326 (di-Pr 2,5-pyridinedicarboxylate)), butyl-acetanilide, and butylethylpropanediol. Less repellency was shown by TMPD (2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol) + 8% di-Me phthalate, TMPD, and ethylhexanediol. Other materials exhibited little or no repellency. H. bishoppi was generally repelled by those chemicals which were effective against H. pusio but some exceptions indicated definite differences in the sensory responses of these 2 species. Limited tests indicated that a repellent that is effective against H. pusio is not necessarily effective against H. pallipes. Four repellents applied to human skin were tested for their effectiveness against caged laboratory-reared gnats. The frequency of gnat landings on the treated skin of the forearms was used as the index of effectiveness. The repellency of deet, Triple Mix, and ethylhexanediol declined to 50% of the initial level in about 110 min. and TMPD in about 60 min. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Renewable Terpene Derivative as a Biosourced Elastomeric Building Block in the Design of Functional Acrylic Copolymers was written by Noppalit, Sayrung;Simula, Alexandre;Ballard, Nicholas;Callies, Xavier;Asua, Jose M.;Billon, Laurent. And the article was included in Biomacromolecules in 2019.Related Products of 106-21-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In order to move away from traditional petrochem.-based polymer materials, it is imperative that new monomer systems be sought out based on renewable resources. In this work, the synthesis of a functional terpene-containing acrylate monomer (tetrahydrogeraniol acrylate, THGA) is reported. This monomer was polymerized in toluene and bulk via free-radical polymerizations, achieving high conversion and mol. weights up to 278 kg·mol^-1. The synthesized poly(THGA) shows a relatively low T_g (-46 °C), making it useful as a replacement for low T_g acrylic monomers, such as the widely used Bu acrylate. RAFT polymerization in toluene ([M]₀ = 3.6 mol·L^-1) allowed for the well-controlled polymerization of THGA with ds.p. (DP_n) from 25 to 500, achieving narrow mol. weight distributions (D ≈ 1.2) even up to high conversions. At lower monomer concentrations ([M]₀ = 1.8 mol·L^-1), some evidence of intramol. chain transfer to polymer was seen by the detection of branching (arising from propagation of midchain radicals) and terminal double bonds (arising from β-scission of midchain radicals). Poly(THGA) was subsequently utilized for the synthesis of poly(THGA)-b-poly(styrene)-b-poly(THGA) and poly(styrene)-b-poly(THGA)-b-poly(styrene) triblock copolymers, demonstrating its potential as a component of thermoplastic elastomers. The phase separation and mech. properties of the resulting triblock copolymer were studied by at. force microscopy and rheol. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3,7-Dimethyloctan-1-ol (cas: 106-21-8Related Products of 106-21-8).

3,7-Dimethyloctan-1-ol (cas: 106-21-8) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Related Products of 106-21-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Study of the infrared spectrophotometry and intramolecular hydrogen bonding in the structures of 1,3-glycols was written by Buc, Henri;Neel, Jean. And the article was included in Compt. Rend. in 1961.SDS of cas: 115-84-4 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

cf. Kuhn, CA 53, 9044b. In order to study the intensity of intramol, interaction between hydroxyl groups in poly(vinyl alcohol) a systematic examination of infrared absorption near 3600 cm.^-1 for 11 different 1,3-glycols, a 1,3,5-triol, and 7 alcohols was undertaken. All spectra were obtained in CCl₄ solution at 25° (unless otherwise stated) using a LiF prism (first 6 spectra) or a CaF₂ prism. Data for each compound, the free OH frequency ν1, the bonded OH frequency, ν2, the ratio of optical densities τ = D₂/D₁, the difference in frequencies Δν = ν1 – ν2, and Δμ’ the difference in frequency of the OH involved in the chelation, follow: 1,3-propanediol, 3635, 3557, 0.46, 78, -; PrOH, 3634, -, -, -, -; dl-1,3-butanediol, 3628, 3550, 0.92, 78, 84; BuOH, 3634, -, -, -, -; sec-BuOH, 3626, -, -, -, -; tert-BuOH, 3619, -, -, -, -; 1,3-propanediol, 3636, 3557, 0.45, 79, -; 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol, 3629, 3545, 0.50, 94, -; 2,2-diethyl-1,3-propanediol, 3639, 3545, 0.52, 94, -; 2-methyl-2-propyl-1,3-propanediol, 3639, 3545, 0.55, 94, -; 2-ethyl-2-butyl-1,3-propanediol, 3638, 3546, 0.51, 92, -; β-2,4-pentanediol, 3626, 3532, 1.52, 94, -; β-2,4-pentanediol, 3626, 3532, 0.81, 94, -; dl-2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol, 3614 (shoulder at 3628), 3529, 1.83, 85, 95; 2-pentanol, 8625, -, -, -, -; 1,5-pentanediol (65°), 3636, 3541, 0.09, 95, -; dl-1,3,5-pentanetriol, 3633 (shoulder at 3640), 3531, 1.07, 102, 105; 1-pentanol (65°), 3636, -, -, -, -; 3-pentanol (65°), 3632, -, -, -, -. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4SDS of cas: 115-84-4).

2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.SDS of cas: 115-84-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

New materials for use as insect repellents was written by Smith, C. N.. And the article was included in Proceedings of the Annual Meeting, Chemical Specialties Manufacturers Association in 1950.SDS of cas: 115-84-4 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Recent investigations of insect repellents for the U.S. Dept. of Defense have involved treatments for skin and clothing. Skin treatments in Alaska showed Pr N,N-diethylsuccinamate and dimethyl cis-bicyclo-[2.2.1]-5-heptene-2,3-dicarboxylate to be most effective against mixed populations of several species of Aedes mosquitoes. Compounds which were outstanding in clothing treatments against several species of mosquitoes included 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, N-butyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydrophthalimide, α-butoxy-N-cyclohexylacetamide, Indalone, hexyl mandelate, Repellent 612, and dimethyl phthalate. N-butyl-, N-propyl-, and N-isopropylacetanilide, and N,N-dibutylaceto- and α-butoxy-N-cyclohexylacetamide were 90-100% effective against the lone star tick, Amblyomma americanum. Benzyl benzoate was effective against cat fleas, Ctenocephalides felis; hexyl mandelate and N-butyl- and N-prophylacetanilide were effective against rat fleas, Xenopsylla cheopis; hendecylic acid was effective against both. A mixture containing 30% each of 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, N-butylacetanilide, benzyl benzoate and 10% Tween 80 emulsifier, tested at 3.2 active ingredients/sq. ft. of cloth, was more effective against 3 species of mosquitoes than any individual repellent, was about equal to the best individual repellent against ticks, and only slightly less effective than the best against fleas; toxicity and skin-irritation tests are under way. The most practical materials for area control of chiggers are toxaphene, chlordan, and benzene hexachloride; for personal protection, benzyl benzoate. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4SDS of cas: 115-84-4).

2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.SDS of cas: 115-84-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis and Characterization of Partially and Fully Saturated Menaquinone Derivatives was written by Koehn, Jordan T.;Crick, Dean C.;Crans, Debbie C.. And the article was included in ACS Omega in 2018.COA of Formula: C10H22O The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Menaquinones (MK) contain both a redox active quinone moiety and a hydrophobic repeating isoprenyl side-chain of varying length and degrees of saturation This characteristic structure allows MKs to play a key role in the respiratory electron transport system of some prokaryotes by shuttling electrons and protons between membrane-bound protein complexes, which act as electron acceptors and donors. Hydrophobic MK mols. with partially and fully saturated isoprenyl side-chains are found in a wide range of eubacteria and Archaea and the structural variations of the MK analogs are evolutionarily conserved but poorly understood. For example, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis, uses predominantly MK-9(II-H₂) (saturated at the second isoprene unit) as its electron carrier and depends on the synthesis of MK-9(II-H₂) for survival in host macrophages. Thus, MKs with partially saturated isoprenyl side-chains may represent a novel virulence factor. Naturally occurring longer MKs are very hydrophobic, while MK analogs that have a truncated (i.e., 1-3 isoprenes) isoprenyl side-chain are less hydrophobic. This improves their solubility in aqueous solutions allowing rigorous study of their structure and biol. activity. We present the synthesis and characterization of two partially saturated MK analogs, MK-2(II-H₂) I and MK-3(II-H₂) II, and two novel fully saturated MK derivatives, MK-2(I,II-H₄) III and MK-3(I,II,III-H₆) IV. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 3,7-Dimethyloctan-1-ol (cas: 106-21-8COA of Formula: C10H22O).

3,7-Dimethyloctan-1-ol (cas: 106-21-8) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.COA of Formula: C10H22O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Vapor Pressure, Heat Capacity, and Density along the Saturation Line: Measurements for Benzenamine, Butylbenzene, sec-Butylbenzene, tert-Butylbenzene, 2,2-Dimethylbutanoic Acid, Tridecafluoroheptanoic Acid, 2-Butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol, and 1-Chloro-2-propanol was written by Steele, W. V.;Chirico, R. D.;Knipmeyer, S. E.;Nguyen, A.. And the article was included in Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data in 2002.COA of Formula: C9H20O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

This paper reports measurements made within DIPPR² Project 821 for the 1995 Project Year. Vapor pressures were measured to a pressure limit of 270 kPa or lower decomposition point using a twin ebulliometry apparatus for the nine compounds listed in the title. Liquid-phase densities along the saturation line were measured for each compound over a range of temperatures (ambient to a maximum of 523 K). A differential scanning calorimeter was used to measure two-phase (liquid + vapor) heat capacities for each compound in the temperature region ambient to the critical temperature or lower decomposition point. Where possible, the critical temperature and critical d. for each compound were determined exptl. The results of the measurements were combined to derive a series of thermophys. properties including critical temperature, critical d., critical pressure, acentric factor, enthalpies of vaporization (restricted to within ± 50 K of the temperature region of the exptl. determined vapor pressures), enthalpies of fusion if solid at 310 K, solubility parameters, and heat capacities along the saturation line. Vapor-pressure representations were derived for each compound All measured and derived values were compared with those obtained in a search of the literature. Recommended critical parameters are listed for each of the compounds studied except 1-chloro-2-propanol. The compounds studied were benzenamine, butylbenzene, sec-butylbenzene, tert-butylbenzene, 2,2-dimethylbutanoic acid, tridecafluoroheptanoic acid, 2-butyl-2-ethyl-1,3-propanediol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol, and 1-chloro-2-propanol. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4COA of Formula: C9H20O2).

2-Butyl-2-ethylpropane-1,3-diol (cas: 115-84-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.COA of Formula: C9H20O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts