Tag: 100-200

Versatile one-pot synthesis of 3-alkenylcoumarins was written by Konigs, Pia;Neumann, Olivia;Hackeloeer, Kristina;Kataeva, Olga;Waldvogel, Siegfried R.. And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2008.Electric Literature of C9H10O3 This article mentions the following:

A variety of 2-acyl-, 2-aroyl- and 2-formyl-substituted phenols are converted in a one-pot reaction with α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid chlorides into the corresponding 3-alkenylcoumarins. Especially the labile 3-vinylcoumarins are readily available by the simple to perform protocol. If longer alkenyl chains are involved in position 3, small mols. with excellent organo gelating properties are established. The mode of action for such aggregates is confirmed by X-ray anal. of an analog. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone (cas: 1634-34-0Electric Literature of C9H10O3).

2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone (cas: 1634-34-0) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Electric Literature of C9H10O3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis and preliminary evaluation of anticonvulsant activity of some [4-(benzyloxy)benzoyl]- and [4-(benzyloxy)benzyl]aminoalkanol derivatives was written by Waszkielewicz, Anna M.;Cegla, Marek;Marona, Henryk. And the article was included in Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica in 2007.Safety of 3-Amino-3-methylbutan-1-ol This article mentions the following:

A variety of appropriate [4-(benzyloxy)benzoyl]- and [4-(benzyloxy)benzyl]aminoalkanol derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for anticonvulsant activity using the maximal electroshock (MES) and s.c. pentylenetetrazole (ScMet) tests in mice and rats. Neurotoxicity was determined by the rotorod test. The most active compounds in the MES test in mice were the appropriate 4-(benzyloxy)benzyl derivatives of (R,S)- and S-(+)-2-amino-1-butanol, 3-[4-(benzyloxy)benzyl]amino-3-methyl-1-butanol, and S-(+)-2-[4-(benzyloxy)benzyl]amino-3-methyl-1-butanol, all exhibiting 100% anti-MES protection (at 30 mg/kg, mice, i.p.) and non-toxic in the active doses. 4-[4-(Benzyloxy)benzyl]amino-1-butanol exhibited activity in both MES and ScMet (100 mg/kg, mice, i.p., 100% anticonvulsant protection, 0.5 h and 4 h after administration, resp.). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Amino-3-methylbutan-1-ol (cas: 42514-50-1Safety of 3-Amino-3-methylbutan-1-ol).

3-Amino-3-methylbutan-1-ol (cas: 42514-50-1) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Safety of 3-Amino-3-methylbutan-1-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Identification of chemical components from essential oils and aqueous extracts of some medicinal plants and their nematicidal effects on Meloidogyne incognita was written by Ardakani, A. S.;Hosseininejad, S. A.. And the article was included in Journal of Basic & Applied Zoology in 2022.Formula: C10H14O This article mentions the following:

Essential oils from aerial parts of Achillea wilhelmsii, Tanacetum polycephalum and Teucrium polium were isolated by using Clevenger-type apparatus and tested at different concentrations for their nematicidal activity against the second stage juvenile (J2) of Meloidogyne incognita in vitro condition. The chem. components of the essential oils and seed extracts of each plant (0.2 g) were extracted with maceration with methanol/acetic acid mixture (85:15, volume/volume). Anal. was done by Gas Chromatog., GC-Mass Spectrometry) and HPLC. Identified chem. components were tested after this on J2 of M. incognitain. NMR spectroscopy was done to investigate the properties of organic mols. by drawing their spectrum using Broker AVANCE AQS-300 MHz. Significant difference was achieved on nematicidal activity of essential oils based on the plant species and oil concentrations GC and GC-MS led to identification of 41, 39 and 45 major compounds from T. polium, T. polycephalum and A. wilhelmsii oils, resp. A number of 10 components with different ranges of percentage were recorded in all of the tested plants oils. Use of HPLC resulted in identification of 4, 3 and 2 chem. compounds in the extracts of A. wilhelmsii, T. polycephalum and T. polium, resp. The nematicidal activity of com. polyphenols at the concentration of 1100 ppm showed 58.3, 48.9, 28.2 and 26.8 percentages J2 mortalities by catechin, coumarin, gallic acid and chlorogenic, resp. Nematotoxicity test of com. terpenoids showed the highest J2 mortalities (more than 80%), in concentrations of 100 and 200 ppm limonene, β-pinene and α-pinene. However, it was less than 30% of J2 mortality caused by terpinen-4-ol, α-terpineol and linalool. Compounds such as Limonene, β-pinene and α-pinene were detected in all of the tested plants, A. wilhelmsii, T. polycephalum and T. polium, having an effective nematicidal action vs. terpinen-4-ol, α-terpineol and linalool. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Formula: C10H14O).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Formula: C10H14O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Arene-Immobilized Ru(II)/TsDPEN Complexes: Synthesis and Applications to the Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones was written by Doherty, Simon;Knight, Julian G.;Alshaikh, Hind;Wilson, James;Waddell, Paul G.;Wills, Corinne;Dixon, Casey M.. And the article was included in European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry in 2021.SDS of cas: 171032-87-4 This article mentions the following:

The Noyori-Ikariya (arene)Ru(II)/TsDPEN precatalyst was anchored to amorphous SiO₂ and DAVISIL through the η⁶-coordinated arene ligand via a straightforward synthesis and the derived systems, (arene)Ru(II)/TsDPEN@silica and (arene)Ru(II)/TsDPEN@DAVISIL, form highly efficient catalysts for the asym. transfer hydrogenation of a range of electron-rich and electron-poor aromatic ketones, giving good conversion and excellent ee’s under mild reaction conditions. Also, catalyst generated in situ immediately prior to addition of substrate and H donor, by reaction of SiO₂-supported [(arene)RuCl₂]₂ with (S,S)-TsDPEN, was as efficient as that generated from its preformed counterpart [(arene)Ru{(S,S)-TsDPEN}Cl]@silica. Gratifyingly, the initial TOFs (up to 1085 h^-1) and ee’s (96-97%) obtained with these catalysts either rivaled or outperformed those previously reported for catalysts supported by either SiO₂ or polymer immobilized through one of the N atoms of TsDPEN. While the high ee’s were also maintained during recycle studies, the conversion dropped steadily over the 1st three runs due to gradual leaching of the Ru. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4SDS of cas: 171032-87-4).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.SDS of cas: 171032-87-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Assessment of the antioxidant, antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of essential oils for potential application of active chitosan films in food preservation was written by Mouhoub, Anouar;Guendouz, Amine;Belkamel, Abdeljalil;El Alaoui Talibi, Zainab;Ibnsouda Koraichi, Saad;El Modafar, Cherkaoui;Delattre, Cedric. And the article was included in World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology in 2022.Recommanded Product: 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol This article mentions the following:

In the food industry, the development of microbial biofilms is a serious problem that leads to the contamination and deterioration of food products. To overcome that, our aim consists of searching for natural antimicrobial and non-toxic compounds (essential oils EOs), which might be used alone or adsorbed on natural biopolymer films (chitosan). In this work, the antioxidant activity of eight EOs was evaluated by DPPH radical-scavenging method while their antibacterial activity was determined by diffusion on agar and microdilution methods. Among all tested EOs, Eugenia caryophyllus, Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume and Thymus satureioides Cosson showed high antioxidant activities at the concentration of 25.6 mg/mL, with resp. values of (86.26%, 81.75%, and 76%), and strong antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus hirae, with (MIC) values ≤ 4μL/mL. At the concentration of 1μL/mL, these EOs tested alone, showed values of antibiofilm-forming activity ranging from 79.43 to 99.33% and from 44.18 to 94.17%, when they are adsorbed onto chitosan film. These promising results confirm that these three EOs have a good potential for an eventual application in the food industry, as antimicrobial and antioxidant agents, or as active biodegradable food packaging, if combined with chitosan. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Recommanded Product: 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Recommanded Product: 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Tartramide Ligands for Copper-Catalyzed N-Arylation at Room Temperature was written by Ma, Xuerui;Davies, Robert P.. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2022.Name: 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) This article mentions the following:

Readily accessible tartramide ligands R¹NHC(O)CH(OH)CH(OH) C(O)NHR (R = Ph, Bn, cyclohexyl, etc.)have been demonstrated to promote copper-catalyzed N-arylation under mild conditions. In addition, the coupling protocol employs cheap and readily available pre-catalyst, ligand, and base (NaOH), and overcomes many current limitations often associated with Ullmann coupling: it can be run with low catalyst loadings, does not require the use of excess amine, operates at room temperature, is fully homogeneous, and displays improved tolerance to air and moisture. Detailed kinetic studies using reaction progress kinetic anal. (RPKA) methods have provided insight into the factors influencing the reaction rate in terms of impact of ligand structure, reactant/catalyst dependence and catalyst (in)stability. These kinetic insights have been used in a quality-by-design approach for further optimization of the reaction protocol. The reaction scope was extended to 22 examples, showing broad applicability for a wide range of substituted aryl iodides ArI (Ar = 3,5-dimethylphenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 3-cyanophenyl, etc.) with both primary and secondary amines R¹NHR² (R¹ = H); R² = -(CH₂)₂O(CH₂)₂-, -(CH₂)₂N(CH₃)(CH₂)₂-, -(CH₂)₅-, etc. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6Name: 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol)).

2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Name: 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol)

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Catalytic Amination of β-(Hetero)arylethyl Ethers by Phosphazene Base t-Bu-P4 was written by Shigeno, Masanori;Nakamura, Ryutaro;Hayashi, Kazutoshi;Nozawa-Kumada, Kanako;Kondo, Yoshinori. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2019.Recommanded Product: 2968-93-6 This article mentions the following:

The catalytic amination of β-(hetero)arylethyl ethers with amines using the organic superbase t-Bu-P4 to obtain β-(hetero)arylethylamines, is described. The reaction has a broad substrate scope and allows the transformations of electron-deficient and electron-neutral β-(hetero)arylethyl ethers with various amines including pyrrole, N-alkylaniline, diphenylamine, aniline, indole, and indoline derivatives Mechanistic studies indicate a two-reaction pathway of MeOH elimination from the substrate to form a (hetero)arylalkene followed by the hydroamination of the alkene. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6Recommanded Product: 2968-93-6).

2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Recommanded Product: 2968-93-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Expeditive Syntheses of Functionalized Pentahelicenes and NC-AFM on Ag(001) was written by Goretta, Sarah;Tasciotti, Christelle;Mathieu, Simon;Smet, Mario;Maes, Wouter;Chabre, Yoann M.;Dehaen, Wim;Giasson, Richard;Raimundo, Jean-Manuel;Henry, Claude R.;Barth, Clemens;Gingras, Marc. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2009.Recommanded Product: 29364-29-2 This article mentions the following:

One of the shortest and most efficient routes toward a series of functionalized pentahelicenes is reported. Benzylic (dibromo)methine coupling is an important entry into functional helicene chem. It allowed a mono- or a double functionalization by some metal-catalyzed Ar-C, Ar-S, Ar-CN, and Ar-I bond formations. Those functions offer new avenues for further applications. For instance, helicene (I) can be supported on a Ag(001) surface, which was characterized by high-resolution NC-AFM imaging. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2Recommanded Product: 29364-29-2).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Recommanded Product: 29364-29-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

New Stable Catalytic Electrodes Functionalized with TEMPO for the Waste-Free Oxidation of Alcohol was written by Karimi, Babak;Ghahremani, Mina;Ciriminna, Rosaria;Pagliaro, Mario. And the article was included in Organic Process Research & Development in 2018.Safety of (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

The authors report the 1st catalytically active and stable sol-gel electrode functionalized with the TEMPO moiety for the highly selective oxidation of alcs. with an elec. current only. The method shows broad applicability to different substrates, opening the route to the widespread adoption of this eminently clean technol. by the fine chem. and pharmaceutical industries. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8Safety of (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol).

(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Safety of (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Plant-defense mimicry facilitates rapid dispersal of short-lived seeds by hornets was written by Qin, Rui-Min;Wen, Ping;Corlett, Richard T.;Zhang, Yuanye;Wang, Gang;Chen, Jin. And the article was included in Current Biology in 2022.Formula: C8H16O This article mentions the following:

Rates of seed dispersal have rarely been considered important. Here, we demonstrate through field observations and experiments that rapid dispersal is essential for the unusually short-lived seeds of Aquilaria sinensis (agarwood; Thymelaeaceae), which desiccate and die within hours of exposure by fruit dehiscence in the hot, dry forest canopy in tropical southwest China. We show that three species of Vespa hornets remove most seeds within minutes of exposure. The hornets consume only the fleshy elaiosomes and deposit most seeds in damp shade, where they can germinate, a mean of 166 m from the parent tree. Electrophysiol. assays and field experiments demonstrate that the hornets are attracted by highly volatile short-carbon-chain (C5-C9) compounds, including aldehydes, ketones, alcs., and acids, emitted from the dehiscent fruit capsule. These attractive fruit volatiles share 14 of 17 major electrophysiol. active compounds with those emitted from herbivore-damaged leaves, which attract predators, including hornets. Rapid seed dispersal thus appears to have been achieved in this species by the re-purposing of a rapid indirect defense mechanism. We predict that rapid seed dispersal by various mechanisms will be more widespread than currently documented and suggest that volatile attractants are more effective in facilitating this than visual signals, which are blocked by vegetation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4Formula: C8H16O).

Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Formula: C8H16O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts