Tag: 100-200

Hydrothermal Synthesis of Biphasic Calcium Phosphate from Cuttlebone Assisted by the Biosurfactant L-rhamnose Monohydrate for Biomedical Materials was written by Tattanon, Thamonwan;Arpornmaeklong, Premjit;Ummartyotin, Sarute;Pongprayoon, Thirawudh. And the article was included in ChemEngineering in 2021.Computed Properties of C6H14O6 This article mentions the following:

The motivation of this research work is to develop novel medical material from cuttlebone (calcium source) by L-rhamnose monohydrate (biosurfactant) for aged people. The process can be synthesized biphasic calcium phosphate which is eco-friendly to environment. One of the most important aspects for this work is to use cuttlebone as a naturally occurring calcium source from a local beach in Thailand. It usually contains 90% calcium carbonate. The objective of this research work is to synthesize the biphasic calcium phosphate by hydrothermal reaction. Critical micelle concentrations (CMCs) of 10, 20, 100, 500 and 1000 of L-rhamnose monohydrate were used to control particle size and shape. XRD revealed a mixture of β-tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite powder. SEM reported that the size of particles can be effectively controlled by the addition of L-rhamnose monohydrate, and with the addition of surfactant, size uniformity was achieved. The cytotoxicity test was reported to be in the range of 70-75%. It was remarkable to note that biphasic calcium phosphate synthesized from cuttlebone with the aid of L-rhamnose monohydrate will be considered an excellent candidate as a scaffold material. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate (cas: 10030-85-0Computed Properties of C6H14O6).

(2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate (cas: 10030-85-0) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Computed Properties of C6H14O6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Manganese-Catalyzed Dual-Deoxygenative Coupling of Primary Alcohols with 2-Arylethanols was written by Wang, Yujie;Shao, Zhihui;Zhang, Kun;Liu, Qiang. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2018.Synthetic Route of C9H9F3O This article mentions the following:

Reported herein is a general and efficient dual-deoxygenative coupling of primary alcs. with 2-arylethanols catalyzed by a well-defined Mn/PNP pincer complex. This reaction is the first example of the catalytic dual-deoxygenation of alcs. using a non-noble-metal catalyst. Both deoxygenative homocoupling of 2-arylethanols (17 examples) and their deoxygenative cross-coupling with other primary alcs. (20 examples) proceeded smoothly to form the corresponding alkenes by a dehydrogenation and deformylation reaction sequence. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6Synthetic Route of C9H9F3O).

2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Synthetic Route of C9H9F3O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

The neuroprotective activities and antioxidant activities of the polysaccharides from Saccharina japonica was written by Jin, Weihua;Zhang, Wenjing;Wang, Jing;Zhang, Quanbin. And the article was included in International Journal of Biological Macromolecules in 2013.Quality Control of (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate This article mentions the following:

The crude polysaccharide (W) was extracted by water from Saccharina japonica and five fractions were separated by anion-exchange chromatog. And their chem. constituents, neuroprotective activities and antioxidant activities were studied. It showed that W had the neuroprotective activity while its fractions did not. In addition, the fractions displayed higher activities on hydroxyl-radical scavenging effects and reducing power than these of W. Moreover, it was speculated that the neuroprotective activities of samples were related to the hydroxyl-radical scavenging effect and reducing power while did not relate to superoxide-radical scavenging effect. Finally, it was concluded that some fractions could be good candidate antioxidants in food chem. owing to the high antioxidant activities and their non-toxic characteristics. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate (cas: 10030-85-0Quality Control of (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate).

(2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate (cas: 10030-85-0) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Quality Control of (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Photocleavage of Poly(methyl acrylate) with Centrally Located o-Nitrobenzyl Moiety: Influence of Environment on Kinetics was written by Lee, Michele E.;Gungor, Eda;Armani, Andrea M.. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2015.COA of Formula: C7H7NO4 This article mentions the following:

We characterized the kinetics of a photocleavable o-nitrobenzyl (ONB)-modified poly(Me acrylate) in solution and in film. Using atom transfer radical polymerization, a single photolabile ONB group was incorporated into the center of the polymer chain, resulting in a clearly defined photoresponse. The photocleavage behavior was characterized in three difference solvents and in film, and it was fit to an exponential model. The dependence of the reaction rate constants and quantum efficiency on the interaction parameter between the solvent and the polymer (χ₁₂) and the mol. weight was investigated. Interestingly, as χ₁₂ decreased, the reaction rate increased and the quantum efficiency increased. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9COA of Formula: C7H7NO4).

3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.COA of Formula: C7H7NO4

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Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of hydroxymethylpyridines from pyridinealdehydes was written by Leitis, L.;Shimanskaya, M. V.. And the article was included in Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii (Sankt-Peterburg, Russian Federation) in 1980.Electric Literature of C7H9NO This article mentions the following:

2-, 3- And 4-hydroxymethylpyridines, 6-methyl-2-hydroxymethyl and 2,6-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyridine were prepared in 41.0-90.5% yield by reduction of the corresponding aldehydes with NaBH₄. The reactivity of the aldehydes decreased in the following order: 2,6-pyridinedicarboxaldehyde > 6-methyl-2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde > 4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde > 2-pyridinecarboxaldehyde > 3-pyridinecarboxaldehyde. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0Electric Literature of C7H9NO).

6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Electric Literature of C7H9NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Cineole. XI. Action of aqueous sulfuric acid solution on cineole was written by Matsuura, Tamon;Furukawa, Tohru. And the article was included in Journal of Science of the Hiroshima University, Series A: Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry in 1955.Quality Control of rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate This article mentions the following:

1,8-Cineole (I) was heated with 21% H₂SO₄ solution at 70° under agitation, the reaction time being 33, 15, and 3 h. In the case of the reaction time of 33 h., the reaction product was a mixture of p-cymene (II) (large amount) and α-terpinene (III) (small amount). In the case of 15 h., the constituents in the reaction product were: II, 28%; III, 8%; dl-α-terpineol (IV), 5%; and terpin hydrate (V), trace (59% of I remained unreacted in the oily product). In the case of 3 h. the oily product contained: I 93%; IV, 6%; unsaturated hydrocarbon, 1%; V, trace. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6Quality Control of rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate).

rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Quality Control of rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Black phosphorus incorporated cobalt oxide: Biomimetic channels for electrocatalytic water oxidation was written by Gao, Xueqing;Liu, Xiaomeng;Yang, Shujiao;Zhang, Wei;Lin, Haiping;Cao, Rui. And the article was included in Chinese Journal of Catalysis in 2022.Recommanded Product: 111-46-6 This article mentions the following:

Learning from nature photosynthesis, the development of efficient artificial catalysts for water oxidation is an ongoing challenge. Herein, a lamellar cobalt oxide (CoO), black phosphorus (BP) and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) hybrid electrocatalyst is reported. BP domains are anchored on RGO and coated with CoO via P-O bonds. The widespread P-O bond network constitutes the proton acceptor and forms a proton exit channel, akin to the use of Asp61 in Photosystem II (PSII). The innermost kernel layer RGO serves as the current collector and forms an electron exit channel, mimicking the function of Tyr161 for charge transfer. The outermost encapsulation CoO layer acts as water oxidation catalyst (WOC). These biol.-inspired features endow an outstanding OER performance of the hybrid material with a low overpotential of 206 mV at a c.d. of 10 mA cm^-2. This work provides a new design guide for OER electrocatalysts through constructing two specialized channels for proton and electron transfer. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6Recommanded Product: 111-46-6).

2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Recommanded Product: 111-46-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Study on an energy-saving process for separation ethylene elycol mixture through heat-pump, heat-integration and ORC driven by waste-heat was written by Wang, Lili;Zhao, Jun;Teng, Junfeng;Dong, Shilong;Wang, Yinglong;Xiang, Shuguang;Sun, Xiaoyan. And the article was included in Energy (Oxford, United Kingdom) in 2022.COA of Formula: C4H10O3 This article mentions the following:

Energy-saving separation processes of Ethylene Glycol (EG) driven by waste heat were investigated. These are basic separation process (BSP) and separation process (SEP) with waste heat recovery (WHRSP). Electricity and heat from waste heat recovery (WHR) were generated for supplying separation system. The optimal operating parameters of each process were determined by the min. total annual cost (TAC). The optimal process was studied by through multi-objective anal.-based exergy, environment and economy performance. The result of exergy anal. indicated that exergy loss of SEP was 1811.40 kW, which 26.38% lower than that of BSP. The environment anal. showed that compared with the benchmarked BSP process, the emissions and emission costs of WHRSP are significantly reduced by about 32.69%. The results of economic anal. showed that TAC of BSP and WHRSP are 2.05×10⁶ $/y, 1.41×10⁶ $/y. TAC of the WHRSP process was 31.54% lower than that of the benchmarked BSP. The WHRSP shows the high energy efficiency, low economy cost and low exergy loss with a great industrial application prospect when compared to the benchmarked process. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6COA of Formula: C4H10O3).

2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.COA of Formula: C4H10O3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Gas-chromatographic analysis of a mixture of isomeric terpineols was written by Bakhtinov, A. A.;Keller, G. G.;Radionova, I. E.. And the article was included in Maslozhirovaya Promyshlennost in 1974.HPLC of Formula: 2451-01-6 This article mentions the following:

Crude terpineol (from α-pinene) and perfumery terpineol are shown by gas chromatog. to contain α-37 and 62, γ-14 and 23, cis-β- 12.5 and 6.5, and trans-β-isomer 2 and 3%, resp. The contents of other identified terpenes also are given. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6HPLC of Formula: 2451-01-6).

rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.HPLC of Formula: 2451-01-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Dissociation constants of some pyridyl alkanols was written by Tissier, Madeleine;Tissier, Claude. And the article was included in Bulletin de la Societe Chimique de France in 1967.Electric Literature of C7H9NO This article mentions the following:

The pKA values of the 3- and 4-substituted compounds agree with the electronic displacements due to the presence of the substituents. TABLE OMITTED] Ir studies indicate that in polar media there are no intramol. H bonds for the 2-substituted derivatives The differences in pKA for the 2-pyridyl and 4-pyridyl alkanols is explained by the influence of the water mols. on the 2 neighboring functional groups. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0Electric Literature of C7H9NO).

6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Electric Literature of C7H9NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts