Tag: 100-200

Synthesis of cineol. I. By-products in the synthesis of terpinhydrate from α-pinene was written by Matsubara, Yoshiharu;Ishiguri, Norio;Wakabayashi, Shoji. And the article was included in Kogyo Kagaku Zasshi in 1953.Related Products of 2451-01-6 This article mentions the following:

750 g. α-pinene, b. 155-7° , was treated with 2250 g. of H₂SO₄ (35%) in the presence of iso-amyl alc. (2% of amount of H₂SO₄) at 20° for 60 hrs., and after separation of terpin hydrate, 817 g. of oily product was obtained. Further examinations of the oil revealed that the following products are contained: cineol, dipentene, p-cymene, α-terpinene, dl-α-terpineol, borneol, iso-borneol, and 1-β-fenchyl alc. (b₁₃ 91-3°, d₂₅ 0.9496, n_D²⁵ 1.4761). No yield is given. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6Related Products of 2451-01-6).

rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Related Products of 2451-01-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Efficacy of cumin (Cuminum cyminum) and lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) essential oils as anaesthesics in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.1758) was written by Metin, Secil;Yigit, Nalan Ozgur;Balkaya, Melike;Didinen, Behire Isil;Didinen, Hakan;Ozmen, Ozlem. And the article was included in Aquaculture Research in 2022.Safety of 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol This article mentions the following:

In this study, anesthetic effects of cumin and lavender essential oils by comparing with clove oil were determined on common carp. Fish (mean weight of 10 g) were exposed to nine concentrations of essential oils (5-500 mg L-1). Anesthesia induction, recovery times and mean LD of essential oils (10 min LC50 concentration) were evaluated sep. for each fish. In addition, histopathol. effects of essential oils on the fish tissues including hepatopancreas, gill and skin were investigated. The results showed that when the dose of essential oils increased, the time to anesthesia induction was shortened and the time to recovery from anesthesia was prolonged. Cumin essential oil at 300 mg L-1 dose and lavender oil at 400 mg L-1 dose on common carp showed similar anesthetic effects (sedative and deep anesthesia) to clove oil (p > .05). At these concentrations, sedative (Stage 2) and deep anesthesia (Stage 4) induction times were 105 and 187.5 s for cumin and 94 and 194 s for lavender resp. Recovery times at these concentrations were 415 s for cumin and 477.5 s for lavender. Mean LD of essential oils for carp were found as 450 mg L-1 for cumin oil and 500 mg L-1 for lavender oil. Histopathol. examination revealed no lesion in gill, skin and hepatopancreas in essential oils group. In the light of these findings, it was determined that lavender and cumin oils can be used as effective and safe anesthetic in common carp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Safety of 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Safety of 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Identification of a 4-fluorobenzyl L-valinate amide benzoxaborole (AN11736) as a potential development candidate for the treatment of Animal African Trypanosomiasis (AAT) was written by Akama, Tsutomu;Zhang, Yong-Kang;Freund, Yvonne R.;Berry, Pamela;Lee, Joanne;Easom, Eric E.;Jacobs, Robert T.;Plattner, Jacob J.;Witty, Michael J.;Peter, Rosemary;Rowan, Tim G.;Gillingwater, Kirsten;Brun, Reto;Nare, Bakela;Mercer, Luke;Xu, Musheng;Wang, Jiangong;Liang, Hao. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2018.Synthetic Route of C7H5F3O This article mentions the following:

Novel L-valinate amide benzoxaboroles and analogs were designed and synthesized for a structure-activity-relationship (SAR) investigation to optimize the growth inhibitory activity against Trypanosoma congolense (T. congolense) and Trypanosoma vivax (T. vivax) parasites. The study identified 4-fluorobenzyl (1-hydroxy-7-methyl-1,3-dihydrobenzo[c][1,2]oxaborole-6-carbonyl)-L-valinate (5, AN11736), which showed IC₅₀ values of 0.15 nM against T. congolense and 1.3 nM against T. vivax, and demonstrated 100% efficacy with a single dose of 10 mg/kg against both T. congolense and T. vivax in mouse models of infection (IP dosing) and in the target animal, cattle, dosed i.m. AN11736 has been advanced to early development studies. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (3,4,5-Trifluorophenyl)methanol (cas: 220227-37-2Synthetic Route of C7H5F3O).

(3,4,5-Trifluorophenyl)methanol (cas: 220227-37-2) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Synthetic Route of C7H5F3O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Novel Acetylcholine and Carbamoylcholine Analogues: Development of a Functionally Selective α₄β₂ Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Agonist was written by Hansen, Camilla P.;Jensen, Anders A.;Christensen, Jeppe K.;Balle, Thomas;Liljefors, Tommy;Frolund, Bente. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2008.Related Products of 42514-50-1 This article mentions the following:

A series of carbamoylcholine and acetylcholine analogs were synthesized and characterized pharmacol. at neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Several of the compounds displayed low nanomolar binding affinities to the α₄β₂ nAChR and pronounced selectivity for this subtype over α₃β₄, α₄β₄, and α₇ nAChRs. The high nAChR activity of carbamoylcholine analog I oxalic acid salt was found to reside in its R-enantiomer, a characteristic most likely true for all other compounds in the series. Interestingly, the pronounced α₄β₂ selectivities exhibited by some of the compounds in the binding assays translated into functional selectivity. Compound II oxalic acid was a fairly potent partial α₄β₂ nAChR agonist with negligible activities at the α₃β₄ and α₇ subtypes, thus being one of the few truly functionally selective α₄β₂ nAChR agonists published to date. Ligand-protein docking experiments using homol. models of the amino-terminal domains of α₄β₂ and α₃β₄ nAChRs identified residues Val111(β₂)/Ile113(β₄), Phe119(β₂)/Gln121(β₄), and Thr155(α₄)/Ser150(α₃) as possible key determinants of the α₄β₂/α₃β₄-selectivity displayed by the analogs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Amino-3-methylbutan-1-ol (cas: 42514-50-1Related Products of 42514-50-1).

3-Amino-3-methylbutan-1-ol (cas: 42514-50-1) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Related Products of 42514-50-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effects of controlled atmosphere and storage temperature on the quality of shelled ‘Barton’ pecan nuts during long-term storage was written by Ribeiro, Stephanie Reis;Klein, Bruna;Santos, Ingrid Duarte dos;Thewes, Flavio Roberto;Brackmann, Auri;Both, Vanderlei;Wagner, Roger. And the article was included in Food Research International in 2022.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of controlled atm. (CA) storage at a low oxygen partial pressure (pO2; 2 kPa of O2) and low pO2 associated with high pCO2 (2 kPa O2 + 15 kPa CO2) in relation to ambient atm. conditions (control), at different temperatures, on shelled Barton pecan nuts quality after storage. Color, respiration rates, moisture content (MC), and oxidation markers, such as peroxide value (PV), acidity value (AV), and volatile compounds (VC), were evaluated. During six months of storage, the MC decreased in all CA treatments, and treatments at 10°C had the lowest AVs and PVs. However, the treatment with high pCO2 levels also guaranteed lower AVs at 20°C. The color parameter b* (yellow), which is related to the golden appearance of pecans and is a highly desirable visual attribute in the commercialization of nuts, was maintained high in treatments at 10°C with CA treatments until six months of storage. The VCs, characteristic of lipid oxidation (aldehydes, acids, alcs., and ketones), increase in all treatments with prolonging storage. When pCO2 was associated to 10°C at six month of storage, it showed a larger area in the acids and unsaturated aldehyde classes, while it was relevant for alcs., lactones, and esters at 20°C, with sweet characteristics, including Et ethanoate, Et hexanoate, and butyrolactone. Thus, this study shows another advance in the storage techniques of shelled pecans, pointing to alternatives for reducing energy costs in the cooling chain. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A Convenient Esterification of N-Heteroarene Methanols via C-CN Bond Cleavage of Benzoyl Cyanides as Acylating Sources was written by Su, Fangyao;Zhao, Qianrui;Wang, Mengzhuo;Zhao, Mingzhang;Ren, Yihe;Zhu, Binghan;Chen, Haoran;Lai, Miao;Zhao, Mingqin. And the article was included in ChemistrySelect in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 118289-16-0 This article mentions the following:

An efficient and straightforward methodol. for the esterification of various N-heteroarene methanols using benzoyl cyanides as acylating sources through a simply mixing conditions has been reported. The acyl groups were in-situ generated via chemoselective C-CN bond cleavage to give the N-heteroarenemethyl esters. This process features in readily accessible starting materials and offers an easy operational procedure, and broad substrate scope with excellent selectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromopyridine-4-methanol (cas: 118289-16-0HPLC of Formula: 118289-16-0).

2-Bromopyridine-4-methanol (cas: 118289-16-0) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.HPLC of Formula: 118289-16-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A fast and practical approach to tetrahydropyranylation and depyranylation of alcohols using indium triflate was written by Mineno, Tomoko. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2002.Formula: C9H9F3O This article mentions the following:

Indium triflate-mediated tetrahydropyranylation of alcs. in CH₂Cl₂ and depyranylation of these products in aqueous MeOH using the same reagent but different molar ratio is described. Indium triflate-promoted conversion of tetrahydropyran ethers to their corresponding acetates also was described. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6Formula: C9H9F3O).

2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Formula: C9H9F3O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Catalytic Zinc Complexes for Phosphate Diester Hydrolysis was written by Tirel, Emmanuel Y.;Bellamy, Zoe;Adams, Harry;Duarte, Fernanda;Williams, Nicholas H.. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2014.Application of 1122-71-0 This article mentions the following:

Creating efficient artificial catalysts that can compete with biocatalysis has been an enduring challenge which has yet to be met. Reported herein is the synthesis and characterization of a series of zinc complexes designed to catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphate diesters. By introducing a hydrated aldehyde into the ligand we achieve turnover for DNA-like substrates which, combined with ligand methylation, increases reactivity by two orders of magnitude. In contrast to current orthodoxy and mechanistic explanations, we propose a mechanism where the nucleophile is not coordinated to the metal ion, but involves a tautomer with a more effective Lewis acid and more reactive nucleophile. This data suggests a new strategy for creating more efficient metal ion based catalysts, and highlights a possible mode of action for metalloenzymes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0Application of 1122-71-0).

6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Application of 1122-71-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Direct and Unified Access to Carbon Radicals from Aliphatic Alcohols by Cost-Efficient Titanium-Mediated Homolytic C-H Bond Cleavage was written by Suga, Takuya;Takahashi, Yuuki;Miki, Chinatsu;Ukaji, Yutaka. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2022.Safety of 2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol This article mentions the following:

Low-valent Ti-mediated homolytic C-O bond cleavage offers unified access to carbon radicals from ubiquitous non-activated tertiary, secondary, and even primary alcs. In contrast to the representative Ti reagents, which were ineffective for this purpose, “TiCl₂(cat)”/Zn (cat=catecholate) was found to be specifically active. This method was applied to the addition reactions of radicals to alkenes and exhibited high generality and yields. More than 50 combinations were examined The excellent cost-efficiency and accessibility of “TiCl₂(cat)”/Zn further enhance its applicability. Control experiments proved the presence of a carbon radical intermediate and excluded the pathway via alkyl chlorides. Further mechanistic study indicated that the 1 : 2 complex of alkoxide (R-O-) and TiIII is an active species in the C-O cleavage. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6Safety of 2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol).

2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Safety of 2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Amino Acid Derived Chiral Aminobenzimidazole Manganese Catalysts for Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation of Ketones was written by Wang, Lixian;Lin, Jin;Sun, Qiangsheng;Xia, Chungu;Sun, Wei. And the article was included in ACS Catalysis in 2021.Quality Control of (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol This article mentions the following:

A series of Mn(I) catalysts with chiral bidentate benzimidazoles derived from easily available amino acids has been developed. These types of phosphine-free chiral Mn catalysts demonstrate high activity and enantioselectivity in asym. transfer hydrogenation (ATH) for a broad range of ketone substrates. A bulkier substrate, such as 2,6-dichloro-3-fluoroacetophenone, can be converted into the drug intermediate alc. with up to 90% yield and 92% ee (e.g., crizotinib). On the basis of exptl. and DFT studies, a possible mechanism for this Mn-catalyzed ATH is also proposed. DFT calculations further render a plausible model for enantiocontrol in ketone hydrogenation, in which the π-π stacking interaction between the catalyst and the substrate plays an important role. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4Quality Control of (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Quality Control of (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts