Tag: 100-200

Photoresponsive Nanovehicle for Two Independent Wavelength Light-Triggered Sequential Release of P-gp shRNA and Doxorubicin To Optimize and Enhance Synergistic Therapy of Multidrug-Resistant Cancer was written by Wu, Ming;Lin, Xinyi;Tan, Xionghong;Li, Jiong;Wei, Zuwu;Zhang, Da;Zheng, Youshi;Zheng, Ai-xian;Zhao, Bixing;Zeng, Yongyi;Liu, Xiaolong;Liu, Jingfeng. And the article was included in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces in 2018.HPLC of Formula: 60463-12-9 This article mentions the following:

Prerelease of RNA mols. than chemotherapeutic drugs with a sufficient interval is a vital prerequisite for RNA/drug co-delivery strategy to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) of cancer cells, but how to precisely control their release at different time points is still a grand challenge up to now. This study aims to on-demand remotely manipulate RNA and drug release in real time through single delivery system to sequentially play their resp. roles for optimizing and enhancing their synergistic antitumor effects. To this end, a photoresponsive mesoporous silica nanoparticle (PMSN) is fabricated as a co-delivery vehicle of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) and photocaged prodrug of doxorubicin (DOX), by which the orthogonal and sequential release of shRNA and DOX can be achieved using an external light. In our design, the cationic poly[2-(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl)methacrylate] is introduced onto the PMSN surface through a light-sensitive coumarin ester derivative linker to adsorb P-gp shRNA, whereas the photocleavable o-nitrobenzyl ester derivative-caged DOX is loaded into the inner pores of the PMSN. The PMSN is found to be effectively internalized by MDR cancer cells, and the release of the shRNA and DOX is demonstrated to be independently regulated by 405 and 365 nm light irradiations due to selectively cleaved coumarin and o-nitrobenzyl ester, resulting in enhanced drug retention, and finally bring out optimized and significantly improved chemotherapeutic effects both in vitro and in vivo for MDR cancer treatment, which might hold extensive application prospects in MDR cancer treatment in future. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9HPLC of Formula: 60463-12-9).

3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.HPLC of Formula: 60463-12-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Glycosidically bound aroma compounds in ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) was written by Wu, Ping;Kuo, May Chien;Ho, Chi Tang. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 1990.Computed Properties of C10H22O3 This article mentions the following:

Free and glycosidically bound aroma compounds from ginger rhizome aqueous extract were isolated and separated by an Amberlite XAD-2 column. Aroma compounds from the bound fraction were released by almond β-glucosidase hydrolysis. By using octanol as internal standard, volatile components of free and bound fractions were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Glycosidically bound aliphatic alcs., monoterpene alcs., acids, and aldehydes were found; 17 compounds were identified in the hydrolyzed glycoside fraction, 20 in the free aroma fraction, and an addnl. 10 compounds were found in both fractions. The glycoside fraction had no odor before hydrolysis but after hydrolysis had the characteristic ginger aroma. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6Computed Properties of C10H22O3).

rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Computed Properties of C10H22O3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

DGAT1 activity synchronises with mitophagy to protect cells from metabolic rewiring by iron depletion was written by Long, Maeve;Sanchez-Martinez, Alvaro;Longo, Marianna;Suomi, Fumi;Stenlund, Hans;Johansson, Annika I.;Ehsan, Homa;Salo, Veijo T.;Montava-Garriga, Lambert;Naddafi, Seyedehshima;Ikonen, Elina;Ganley, Ian G.;Whitworth, Alexander J.;McWilliams, Thomas G.. And the article was included in EMBO Journal in 2022.Electric Literature of C4H10O4 This article mentions the following:

Mitophagy removes defective mitochondria via lysosomal elimination. Increased mitophagy coincides with metabolic reprogramming, yet it remains unknown whether mitophagy is a cause or consequence of such state changes. The signalling pathways that integrate with mitophagy to sustain cell and tissue integrity also remain poorly defined. We performed temporal metabolomics on mammalian cells treated with deferiprone, a therapeutic iron chelator that stimulates PINK1/PARKIN-independent mitophagy. Iron depletion profoundly rewired the metabolome, hallmarked by remodelling of lipid metabolism within minutes of treatment. DGAT1-dependent lipid droplet biosynthesis occurred several hours before mitochondrial clearance, with lipid droplets bordering mitochondria upon iron chelation. We demonstrate that DGAT1 inhibition restricts mitophagy in vitro, with impaired lysosomal homeostasis and cell viability. Importantly, genetic depletion of DGAT1 in vivo significantly impaired neuronal mitophagy and locomotor function in Drosophila. Our data define iron depletion as a potent signal that rapidly reshapes metabolism and establishes an unexpected synergy between lipid homeostasis and mitophagy that safeguards cell and tissue integrity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6Electric Literature of C4H10O4).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Electric Literature of C4H10O4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Reinvestigating FeBr₃-Catalyzed Alcohol Oxidation with H₂O₂: Is High-valent Iron Species (HIS) or Reactive Brominating Species (RBS) Responsible for Alcohol Oxidation? was written by He, Chenxi;Ma, Foqing;Zhang, Wei;Tong, Rongbiao. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2022.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

The in-situ generated RBS from the related FeBr₂/H₂O₂ or CeBr₃/H₂O₂ systems, (2) This results of a series of controlled experiments, and (3) some related RBS-based precedents (NBS, NBA, or Br₂) showing similar high oxidation selectivity of secondary over primary alcs. These studies enable to discover that RBS from CeBr₃/H₂O₂ was much more efficient for the oxidation of secondary and benzylic alcs., which represents a new green protocol for selective oxidation of alcs. to carbonyls. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

(1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

The role of chlorine position in the electronic circular dichroism of chlorophenyl-ethanol investigated by vibronic calculations was written by Aranda, Daniel;Santoro, Fabrizio. And the article was included in Chirality in 2020.Product Details of 120121-01-9 This article mentions the following:

(R)-1-phenyl-ethanol (PhEtOH) and the different isomers of (R)-1-(chlorophenyl)ethanol (ClPhEtOH) exhibit very interesting electronic CD (ECD) in methanol. In all cases, the spectrum shows clear vibronic features, but it is monosignated and neg. for PhEtOH and meta-ClPhEtOH, pos. for the ortho isomer and bisignated for the para isomer. We used computational chem. to rationalise this behavior adopting CAM-B3LYP/def2-TZVP, describing the bulk solvent effects with polarizable continuum models and solute-solvent specific interactions with clusters comprising the solute and two solvent mols. We adopted harmonic vibronic models to compute the ECD spectral shapes of all stable conformers, and we obtained the room-temperature spectra by Boltzmann average Simulated spectra are in very good agreement with experiment and allow us to rationalise their difference in terms of the relevance of Franck-Condon (FC) and Herzberg-Teller (HT) intensity-borrowing contributions, modulated by the substituent effect. The bisignated shape of the spectrum of para-ClPhEtOH arises from the competition of opposite-sign FC and HT bands, promoted by different vibrational modes. Due to the challenges we document in computing its ECD spectrum, para-ClPhEtOH represents a good test case to help the development of novel methodologies for an improved description of weak vibronic ECD spectra of flexible systems in explicit solvents. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9Product Details of 120121-01-9).

(R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Product Details of 120121-01-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Engineering Catalysts for Selective Ester Hydrogenation was written by Dub, Pavel A.;Batrice, Rami J.;Gordon, John C.;Scott, Brian L.;Minko, Yury;Schmidt, Jurgen G.;Williams, Robert F.. And the article was included in Organic Process Research & Development in 2020.Computed Properties of C4H9NaS This article mentions the following:

The development of efficient catalysts and processes for synthesizing functionalized (olefinic and/or chiral) primary alcs. and fluoral hemiacetals is currently needed. These are valuable building blocks for pharmaceuticals, agrochems., perfumes, and so forth. From an economic standpoint, bench-stable Takasago Int. Corp.’s Ru-PNP, more commonly known as Ru-MACHO, and Gusev’s Ru-SNS complexes are arguably the most appealing mol. catalysts to access primary alcs. from esters and H₂ (Waser, M. et al. Organic Proc. Res. Dev. 2018,22, 862). This work introduces economically competitive Ru-SNP(O)_z complexes (z = 0, 1), which combine key structural elements of both of these catalysts. In particular, the incorporation of SNP heteroatoms into the ligand skeleton is crucial for the design of a more product-selective catalyst in the synthesis of fluoral hemiacetals under kinetically controlled conditions. Based on exptl. observations and computational anal., this paper further extends the current state-of-the-art understanding of the accelerative role of KO-t-Bu in ester hydrogenation. It attempts to explain why a maximum turnover occurs starting at ∼25 mol % base, in contrast to only ∼10 mol % with ketones as substrates. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2Computed Properties of C4H9NaS).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Computed Properties of C4H9NaS

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effect of microwave heating on lipid composition, chemical properties and antioxidant activity of oils from Trichosanthes kirilowii seed was written by Xu, Lirong;Zhu, Chenfei;Liu, Taorong;Karrar, Emad;Ouyang, Yucheng;Li, Duo. And the article was included in Food Research International in 2022.Application In Synthesis of Oct-1-en-3-ol This article mentions the following:

Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim seed is a primary source of edible vegetable oil and possesses a high nutritional value, making them extremely beneficial to humanity. To promote the extraction process of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim seed oil, the effect of microwave heating time (700 W for 0, 2, 4, and 6 min) on lipid composition, chem. properties, and antioxidant activity of oils was studied. The results showed that the oil yield of the seed increased with the microwave heating time. Besides, microwave heating time significantly affects (p < 0.05) DPPH and tocopherols, and the IC₅₀ value of DPPH was highest with microwave heating for 6 min, whatever the shells are reserved. The tocopherol content was highest with microwave heating for 2 min in the seed shell oil, which was 1930.60 mg/kg. The longer microwave heating time could improve the oil yield and antioxidant activity of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim seed oil. The seed shell also affects chem. properties, fatty acid composition, antioxidant activity, and tocopherol contents of the Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim seed oil. The Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim seed shell oil has higher DPPH and tocopherols contents than seed kernel oil, while seed kernel oils showed higher oil yield and acid value. Our finding is valuable for manufacturers to choose suitable means to produce Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim seed oil of required qualities and chem. compositions for targeted use. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4Application In Synthesis of Oct-1-en-3-ol).

Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Application In Synthesis of Oct-1-en-3-ol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Nonconjugated Dendritic Iridium(III) Complexes with Tunable Pyridine-Based Ligands: Synthesis, Photophysical, Electrochemical, and Electroluminescent Properties was written by Li, Xianghong;Chen, Zhao;Zhao, Qiang;Shen, Li;Li, Fuyou;Yi, Tao;Cao, Yong;Huang, Chunhui. And the article was included in Inorganic Chemistry in 2007.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

A simple synthetic route was developed for preparation of iridium cyclometalated dendritic nonconjugated second-generation polybenzyloxy-substituted 2-phenylpyridine and 2-(2-benzo[b]thienyl)pyridine complexes based on tunable 2-arylpyridine ligands. From a key intermediate, 2-bromo-4-pyridinemethanol, three series of polybenzyloxy dendritic pyridine-based ligands with 2-Ph, 2-benzothienyl, and 2,4-difluorophenyl substituents were easily prepared via two-step reaction sequence comprising Suzuki coupling and etherification. Using these pyridine proligands the dendritic-substituted iridium(III) complexes cyclometalated complexes exhibiting tunable photoluminescence from blue to red were obtained. The photoluminescence quantum yields of these dendritic complexes in neat films increased with the increasing generation number of dendritic C-N-ligands. Importantly, these iridium complexes were used as dopants for successfully fabricated polymer-based electrophosphorescent light-emitting diodes (PLEDs), featuring the highest external quantum efficiency of 12.8%. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-Bromopyridine-4-methanol (cas: 118289-16-0Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

2-Bromopyridine-4-methanol (cas: 118289-16-0) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Mono-N-Alkylation of Sulfonamides with Alcohols Catalyzed by Iridium N-Heterocyclic Carbene-Phosphine Complexes was written by Li, Xingzhen;Peters, Bram B. C.;Tan, Min;He, Lei;Yang, Jianping;Andersson, Pher G.;Zhou, Taigang. And the article was included in Asian Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2022.Name: (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

A N-heterocyclic carbene-phosphine iridium complex was presented for the efficient and selective mono-N-alkylation of sulfonamides with alcs. based on a borrowing hydrogenation strategy. Herein, water was the only byproduct and this methodol. thus offered a more environmentally benign and interesting alternative to the use of traditional alkylating reagents. This facile protocol tolerated a large number of (hetero) aromatic and aliphatic sulfonamides as well as (hetero) aromatic and aliphatic alcs. to obtain the desired product is high isolated yield (up to 98%). The alkylation completely retarded after the formation of the secondary sulfonamide and no over-alkylation was observed in all cases. The option to run the reaction under solvent-free conditions as well as the scalability of this borrowing hydrogenation were key features of this protocol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7Name: (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol).

(4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Name: (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

The production of some oral suspensions of the Vth Edition of the Hungarian Formulae Normales in the form of single-dose tablets was written by Petroczki, Mihaly. And the article was included in Gyogyszereszet in 1979.Related Products of 2451-01-6 This article mentions the following:

Plasdone XL [9003-39-8] was used as an adjuvant for tabletting sulfadimidine [57-68-1], salicylamide [65-45-2], Bi subsalicylate [14882-18-9], and terpin hydrate [2451-01-6]. Fast tablet disintegration is imparted by Plasdone XL. The 4 above active ingredients, formulated as suspensions in the 5th Hungarian Formulary can, thus, be advantageously used as tablets. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6Related Products of 2451-01-6).

rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Related Products of 2451-01-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts