Alcohols-buliding-blocks

Asymmetric Reduction of Ketones by the Acetone Powder of Geotrichum candidum was written by Nakamura, K.;Matsuda, T.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1998.Safety of (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol This article mentions the following:

Aromatic ketones, β-keto esters, and simple aliphatic ketones were reduced with excellent selectivity to the corresponding (S)-alcs. by using the acetone powder of Geotrichum candidum. This method is superior in reactivity and stereoselectivity to reduction by the whole-cell. The exptl. conditions for the reduction system such as ratio of the biocatalyst to the substrate, kinds of coenzymes, alc. for coenzyme regeneration, and buffer, pH, and reaction temperature were investigated, and stability and preservability of the biocatalyst were also examined This method is very convenient for the synthesis of optically pure alcs. on a gram scale. E.g., 2-chloroacetophenone was reduced to (S)-2-ClC₆H₄CH(OH)Me in >99% ee and 94% isolated yield by reduction with the acetone powder of Geotrichum candidum as the catalyst, NAD⁺ as a coenzyme, and Me₂CHOH as the reducing agent in MES [2-(N-morpholine)ethanesulfonic acid-NaOH] buffer. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4Safety of (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Safety of (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Novel access to carbonyl and acetylated compounds: the role of the tetra-n-butylammonium bromide/sodium nitrite catalyst was written by Sheykhan, Mehdi;Moafi, Hadi Fallah;Abbasnia, Masoumeh. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2016.Electric Literature of C8H9NO3 This article mentions the following:

A novel aerobic oxidation of alcs. ArCH(OH)R (Ar = C₆H₅, 2-O₂N-3-CH₃-C₆H₃, 2-carbaldehydefuran-5-yl, etc.; R = H, CH₃) without the use of any oxidants was developed. An equimolar catalytic mixture of tetra-n-butylammonium bromide and sodium nitrite catalyzes the aerobic selective oxidation of benzylic alcs. under oxidant-free, base-free and metal-free conditions. The mild reaction conditions allow oxidation of a wide range of benzylic alcs., chemo-selectively to their carbonyl compounds ArC(O)R (68-93% isolated yields). More importantly, high selectivity among different kinds of alcs. (aromatic vs. aliphatic alcs., primary vs. secondary alcs. as well as alcs. having neutral rings vs. electron-deficient rings) is available by this approach. The method surprisingly switched over to be an efficient acetylation approach in the case of aliphatic alcs. without the use of any transition metal, phosphorus or other toxic reagents or any need for using toxic acyl halides, sulfonyl halides, anhydrides, etc. by the use of only acetic acid as a reagent. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (3-Methyl-2-nitrophenyl)methanol (cas: 80866-76-8Electric Literature of C8H9NO3).

(3-Methyl-2-nitrophenyl)methanol (cas: 80866-76-8) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Electric Literature of C8H9NO3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chemoselective Cleavage of Si-C(sp³) Bonds in Unactivated Tetraalkylsilanes Using Iodine Tris(trifluoroacetate) was written by Matsuoka, Keitaro;Komami, Narumi;Kojima, Masahiro;Mita, Tsuyoshi;Suzuki, Kimichi;Maeda, Satoshi;Yoshino, Tatsuhiko;Matsunaga, Shigeki. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2021.Related Products of 2968-93-6 This article mentions the following:

Herein chemoselective cleavage of Si-C(sp³) bonds of unactivated tetraalkylsilanes was reported using iodine tris(trifluoroacetate). The reaction proceeded smoothly under mild conditions (-50°C to room temperature) and tolerated various polar functional groups, thus enabling subsequent Tamao-Fleming oxidation to provide the corresponding alcs. NMR experiments and d. functional theory calculations on the reaction indicated that the transfer of alkyl groups from Si to the I(III) center and the formation of the Si-O bond proceed concertedly to afford an alkyl-λ3-iodane and silyl trifluoroacetate. The developed method enabled the use of unactivated tetraalkylsilanes as highly stable synthetic precursors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6Related Products of 2968-93-6).

2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Related Products of 2968-93-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

General and Practical Potassium Methoxide/Disilane-Mediated Dehalogenative Deuteration of (Hetero)Aryl Halides was written by Wang, Xin;Zhu, Ming-Hui;Schuman, David P.;Zhong, Dayou;Wang, Wen-Yan;Wu, Lin-Yang;Liu, Wei;Stoltz, Brian M.;Liu, Wen-Bo. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2018.HPLC of Formula: 68716-49-4 This article mentions the following:

Herein a general, mild and scalable method for deuterium incorporation by potassium methoxide/hexamethyldisilane-mediated dehalogenation of aryl halides was described. With CD₃CN as a deuterium source, a wide array of heteroarenes prevalent in pharmaceuticals and bearing diverse functional groups are labeled with excellent deuterium incorporation (>60 examples). The ipso-selectivity of this method provides precise access to libraries of deuterated indoles and quinolines. The synthetic utility of our method has been demonstrated by the incorporation of deuterium into complex natural and drug-like compounds In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4HPLC of Formula: 68716-49-4).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.HPLC of Formula: 68716-49-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Proposals for the pharmacopeia: opium and its preparations was written by Carlassare, Mario. And the article was included in Bollettino Chimico Farmaceutico in 1982.SDS of cas: 2451-01-6 This article mentions the following:

Changes in the Italian Pharmacopeia methods for anal. of opium, laudanum, and tablets containing K guaiacolsulfonate  [1321-14-8], Na benzoate  [532-32-1], terpin hydrate  [2451-01-6], and Dover’s powder (morphine  [57-27-2], emetine  [483-18-1], and camphor) are proposed. Qual. color tests for meconic acid  [497-59-6] and morphine in opium are described, together with a titrimetric method for measuring morphine and a simple TLC method for estimating morphine, papaverine  [58-74-2], and codeine  [76-57-3] in opium are given. For laudanum, color tests for morphine and meconic acid, and TLC estimation and determination of morphine (as for opium) are proposed. For the tablets, color tests are given for identification of K, benzoate, guaiacolsulfonate, terpin, and morphine, and a flame test for Na. A TLC method for morphine, codeine, papaverine and emetine, and quant. methods for Na benzoate (titrimetry) and K guaiacolsulfonate (colorimetry) are included for the tablets. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6SDS of cas: 2451-01-6).

rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.SDS of cas: 2451-01-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

From Deep Eutectic Solvents to Nitrogen-rich Ordered Mesoporous Carbons: A Powerful Host for the Immobilization of Palladium Nanoparticles in the Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols was written by Zahra Alizadeh, Seyedeh;Karimi, Babak;Vali, Hojatollah. And the article was included in ChemCatChem in 2022.Name: (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

The preparation of a nitrogen-rich ordered mesoporous carbon (DNOMC) with three-dimensional cubic structure was established via carbonization of a green, inexpensive and safe deep eutectic solvent consisting of choline chloride salt and D-glucose in the presence of KIT-6 template for the first time. The materials were characterized by TEM, N₂ adsorption-desorption anal., XPS, TGA, CHN, and FT-IR. The DNOMC was shown to be a powerful support for the immobilization of palladium nanoparticles. The Pd@DNOMC catalyst exhibited high activity in the selective aerobic oxidation of various activated and non-activated primary and secondary benzylic as well as linear and cyclic aliphatic alcs. to the corresponding carboxylic acids RCOOH [R = hexyl, Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, etc.] and ketones R¹C(O)R² [R¹ = Me, Ph; R² = Me, pentyl, hexyl; R¹R² = (CH₂)₆, (CH₂)₇] in pure water under mol. oxygen. The catalyst system could successfully be reused at least ten times without any significant decrease in either activity or selectivity. It was worth noting that, the hot filtration strongly showed that the catalyst worked in a boomerang-type catalyst pathway. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7Name: (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol).

(4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Name: (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In situ formation of ligand and catalyst-application in ruthenium-catalyzed enantioselective reduction of ketones was written by Vaestilae, Patrik;Wettergren, Jenny;Adolfsson, Hans. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2005.Quality Control of (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol This article mentions the following:

The direct in situ formation of highly efficient ruthenium-catalysts for the asym. reduction of ketones was obtained by combining chiral ligand building blocks with a ruthenium precursor. A catalyst was formed from a pseudo-dipeptide generated in situ from N-[(1,1-dimethylethoxy)carbonyl]-L-alanine and (S)-1-amino-2-propanol and tetra(chloro)bis(p-cymene)diruthenium. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4Quality Control of (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Quality Control of (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Antifibrotic mechanism of piceatannol in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice was written by Sheng, Hanjing;Lin, Gang;Zhao, Shengxian;Li, Weibin;Zhang, Zhaolin;Zhang, Weidong;Yun, Li;Yan, Xiaoyang;Hu, Hongyu. And the article was included in Frontiers in Pharmacology in 2022.Synthetic Route of C14H12O4 This article mentions the following:

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and fatal interstitial lung disease characterized by myofibroblast accumulation and extracellular matrix deposition, which lead to irreversible damage of the lung’s architecture and the formation of fibrotic lesions. IPF is also a sequela in serious patients with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The mol. mechanisms under pulmonary fibrosis remain unclear, and there is no satisfactory treatment currently available. Piceatannol (PIC) is a naturally occurring resveratrol analog found in a variety of dietary sources such as grapes, passion fruit, and white tea. It has been reported to inhibit liver fibroblast growth and exhibited various antitumor activities, although its role in pulmonary fibrosis has not been established yet. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-fibrotic role of PIC in bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice. Mice with BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis were treated with PIC, and fibrotic changes were measured by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining and hydroxyproline assay. Luciferase assay, Western blot assay, histol. anal., and immunofluorescence staining were used to evaluate the effect of PIC on fibroblast activation and autophagy in mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (NIH-3T3) and human lung fibroblast cells (HFL1). The anti-fibrotic mechanisms of PIC were either confirmed in vivo. Our results showed that PIC significantly alleviated the bleomycin-induced collagen deposition and myofibroblast accumulation. In vitro and in vivo studies indicated that PIC plays a role in activating autophagy in the process of anti-fibroblast activation. Further mechanism studies demonstrated that PIC can promote autophagy via inhibiting the TGF-β1-Smad3/ERK/ P38 signaling pathway, which leads to a decreased number of activated myofibroblasts. Our study demonstrated for the first time that PIC possesses the protective effects against bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis due to the direct pulmonary protective effects which enhance the effect of autophagy in vitro and in vivo and finally leads to the decreased number of activated myofibroblasts. PIC may serve as a candidate compound for pulmonary fibrosis therapy and attenuates the sequelae of SARS-COV-2 pulmonary fibrosis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Synthetic Route of C14H12O4).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Synthetic Route of C14H12O4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies on novel 8-amino-3-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethyl]-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione derivatives as anticonvulsant agents was written by Madaiah, M.;Prashanth, M. K.;Revanasiddappa, H. D.;Veeresh, B.. And the article was included in Medicinal Chemistry Research in 2013.COA of Formula: C11H21NO3 This article mentions the following:

A series of novel 8-amino-3-[2-(4-fluorophenoxy)ethyl]-1,3-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione derivatives was synthesized and their pharmacol. activity was determined with the objective to better understand their structure-activity relationship for anticonvulsant activity. All the compounds were evaluated for their possible anticonvulsant activity by maximal electroshock seizure (MES) test and their neurotoxic effects were determined by rotarod test. Majority of the compounds were active in MES tests. Compounds I [R = 4-MeC₆H₄NHCO, 3-MeC₆H₄NHCO, 2-CF₃C₆H₄NHCO] showed a significant and protective effect on seizure, when compared with standard drug phenytoin. The compounds having an amide bond showed moderate protective effect on MES induced seizures compared to sulfonamide. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (4-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 224309-64-2COA of Formula: C11H21NO3).

tert-Butyl (4-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 224309-64-2) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.COA of Formula: C11H21NO3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Catalyst-Dependent Stereospecific [3,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Sulfoxide-Ynamides: Divergent Synthesis of Chiral Medium-Sized N,S-Heterocycles was written by Zhu, Guang-Yu;Zhou, Ji-Jia;Liu, Li-Gao;Li, Xiao;Zhu, Xin-Qi;Lu, Xin;Zhou, Jin-Mei;Ye, Long-Wu. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2022.SDS of cas: 2216-51-5 This article mentions the following:

Medium-sized N,S-heterocycles have received tremendous interest due to their biol. activities and potential medical applications. However, asym. synthesis of these compounds are extremely rare. Described herein is a catalyst-dependent [3,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement of sulfoxide-ynamides, enabling divergent and atom-economic synthesis of a series of valuable medium-sized N,S-heterocycles in moderate to good yields with broad substrate scope. Importantly, excellent enantioselectivities have been achieved via an unprecedented chirality-transfer. Moreover, theor. calculations are employed to elucidate the origins of the catalyst-dependent stereospecific [3,3]-rearrangement. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5SDS of cas: 2216-51-5).

(1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.SDS of cas: 2216-51-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts