Alcohols-buliding-blocks

Effect of dietary protease supplementation on growth performance, water quality, blood parameters and intestinal morphology of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was written by Saleh, Elham S. E.;Tawfeek, Samar S.;Abdel-Fadeel, Asmaa A. A.;Abdel-Daim, Asmaa S. A.;Abdel-Razik, Abdel-Razik H.;Youssef, Ibrahim M. I.. And the article was included in Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition in 2022.COA of Formula: C18H32CaN2O10 This article mentions the following:

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of using protease in diets of Nile tilapia on growth performance, water quality, blood parameters and intestinal morphol. The cost of these diets and their return on fish performance was calculated A total of 360 fish were randomly allocated into four groups with triplicates (30 fish per replicate). Four diets were formulated; two controls (without protease supplementation) and two exptl. diets (supplemented with protease). The first control diet contained the normal protein requirement (30% CP; control +ve), while the second control had a low protein content (29% CP; control -ve). The third diet was supplemented with protease at a dose of 500 g/ton, and its CP content was reduced to 29.0%, by reducing the fish meal content. The fourth diet contained the same CP level as the first control (30%) and supplemented with 250 g protease per ton feed. The experiment lasted for 14 wk. The results showed that body weight and length, weight gain, specific growth rate, feed intake and feed conversion efficiency in the control -ve group (low CP) supplemented with protease were similar (p > 0.05) to that of the control +ve with normal CP content. However, these performance parameters were lower (p < 0.05) in fish fed low CP diet without protease supplementation. Providing protease to the control +ve diet improved all measured performance indexes. The ammonia and nitrite concentrations of the water were reduced (p < 0.05) in control -ve and protease-supplemented groups. The height and width of intestinal villi were increased (p < 0.05) in fish fed diets containing protease. The inclusion of protease reduced the diet cost and also the feed cost of fish weight gain. In conclusion, supplementation of protease can improve the productive performance of fish, spare dietary protein and produce economical diets. Moreover, it can help in improving the water quality of fish via lowering the ammonia and nitrite contents, or through increasing the degradation of dietary protein. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6COA of Formula: C18H32CaN2O10).

Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.COA of Formula: C18H32CaN2O10

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Discovery of Bispecific Antagonists of Retinol Binding Protein 4 That Stabilize Transthyretin Tetramers: Scaffolding Hopping, Optimization, and Preclinical Pharmacological Evaluation as a Potential Therapy for Two Common Age-Related Comorbidities was written by Cioffi, Christopher L.;Muthuraman, Parthasarathy;Raja, Arun;Varadi, Andras;Racz, Boglarka;Petrukhin, Konstantin. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2020.Application In Synthesis of 1-Boc-Azetidine-3-yl-methanol This article mentions the following:

Accumulation of cytotoxic lipofuscin bisretinoids may contribute to atrophic age-related macular degeneration (AMD) pathogenesis. Retinal bisretinoid synthesis depends on the influx of serum all-trans-retinol delivered via a tertiary retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4)-transthyretin (TTR)-retinol complex. We previously identified selective RBP4 antagonists that dissociate circulating RBP4-TTR-retinol complexes, reduce serum RBP4 levels, and inhibit bisretinoid synthesis in models of enhanced retinal lipofuscinogenesis. However, the release of TTR by selective RBP4 antagonists may be associated with TTR tetramer destabilization and, potentially, TTR amyloid formation. We describe herein the identification of bispecific RBP4 antagonist-TTR tetramer kinetic stabilizers. Standout analog I possesses suitable potency for both targets, significantly lowers mouse plasma RBP4 levels, and prevents TTR aggregation in a gel-based assay. This new class of bispecific compounds may be especially important as a therapy for dry AMD patients who have another common age-related comorbidity, senile systemic amyloidosis, a nongenetic disease associated with wild-type TTR misfolding. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Boc-Azetidine-3-yl-methanol (cas: 142253-56-3Application In Synthesis of 1-Boc-Azetidine-3-yl-methanol).

1-Boc-Azetidine-3-yl-methanol (cas: 142253-56-3) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Application In Synthesis of 1-Boc-Azetidine-3-yl-methanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Anti-Alzheimer鈥瞫 potential of different varieties of Piper betle leaves and molecular docking analyses of metabolites was written by Debnath, Mamita;Das, Susmita;Bhowmick, Shovonlal;Karak, Swagata;Saha, Achintya;De, Bratati. And the article was included in Free Radicals and Antioxidants in 2021.Recommanded Product: (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol This article mentions the following:

Introduction: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors are used to prevent symptoms of Alzheimer鈥瞫 disease which is initiated due to oxidative stress. Piper betle L. is a tropical evergreen perennial vine whose leaves are widely consumed as masticator in Asia and has medicinal properties. Objectives: The present study is aimed to investigate acetylcholinesterase inhibitory property of methanolic extracts of different varieties of Piper betle leaves and chemometrically identify different bioactive ingredients in vitro and in silico. Materials and Methods: Methanol extracts of the leaves collected in Feb. and Oct. from eight varieties of P. betle (Chhanchi, Bagerhati, Manikdanga, Kalibangla, Bangla, Ghanagete, Meetha and Haldi) were studied for acetylcholinesterase inhibitory properties. Chem. components were analyzed by Gas Chromatog. -Mass spectrometry and High Performance Thin Layer Chromatog. Active metabolites were identified chemometrically. The activities were proved in vitro and in silico. Results: All the extracts inhibited acetylcholinesterase. Statistical anal. suggested that several phenolic compounds were correlated to anti-cholinesterase activity. Piceatannol, hydroxychavicol, benzene-1,2,4-triol, and 4-methylcatechol are reported here to have such enzyme inhibitory properties. These four small mols. were further subjected to mol. docking anal. to explore their binding mechanism with the acetylcholinesterase enzyme. All the four small mols. are found to interact with the targeted enzyme in similar fashion like the mol. interactions observed for the standard inhibitor, Donepezil, at the active site of acetylcholiesterase. Conclusion: Thus, consumption of P. betle leaves may have a beneficial effect in the prevention and treatment of this neurodegenerative disease. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Recommanded Product: (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Recommanded Product: (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Magnetically-separable acid-resistant CoFe₂O₄@Polymer@MIL-100 core-shell catalysts for the acetalization of benzaldehyde and methanol was written by Cheng, Yaran;Chen, Jing;Wang, Tong;Wu, Qin;Shi, Daxin;Zhang, Yaoyuan;Chen, Kangcheng;Li, Hansheng. And the article was included in Journal of Colloid and Interface Science in 2023.Electric Literature of C3H8O2 This article mentions the following:

Novel reusable acid-resistant magnetic polymer nanospheres-immobilized MIL-100 (CoFe₂O₄@Polymer@MIL-100) catalyst was prepared by a layer-by-layer method to achieve a controllable structure. The obtained core-shell catalyst consisted of modified magnetic nanoparticles as the core, a carboxylic-functionalized polymer as the protective layer, and an MIL-100 shell as the active catalytic layer by chem. bonds on the polymer. The catalysts showed good stability, good magnetic saturation, and acid corrosion resistance. The thickness of the MIL-100 shell could be adjusted by controlling the metal salt concentration and the number of layer-by-layer cycles. Nano-sized MIL-100 showed better mass transfer efficiency and catalytic activity. A conversion of 97.7% after 10 min was observed during acetalization when using CoFe₂O₄@Polymer@MIL-100 as the catalyst. CoFe₂O₄@Polymer@MIL-100 could be reused at least five times. The use of a polymer layer on CoFe₂O₄@Polymer@MIL-100 prevented acidic ligands from corroding the magnetic core. Chem. bonds between MIL-100 and functional magnetic polymer cores improved the catalyst鈥瞫 stability. CoFe₂O₄@Polymer@MIL-100 exhibited high activity, excellent stability, and easy magnetic separation In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6Electric Literature of C3H8O2).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Electric Literature of C3H8O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Oxidative stability of chicken burgers using organic coffee husk extract was written by de Farias Marques, Antonia Dayane Jenyffer;de Lima Tavares, Jerffeson;de Carvalho, Leila Moreira;Leite Abreu, Thaianaly;Alves Pereira, Deyse;Moreira Fernandes Santos, Miriane;Suely Madruga, Marta;de Medeiros, Lorena Lucena;Kenia Alencar Bezerra, Taliana. And the article was included in Food Chemistry in 2022.Synthetic Route of C8H16O This article mentions the following:

The antioxidant capacity of organic coffee husk extract (Coffee arabica L.) added to chicken burgers was evaluated. Two formulations were prepared: with addition of the extract (100 and 200 ppm CAE/kg), in addition to control formulations without the addition of antioxidant, and with the addition of synthetic antioxidant. The products were characterized by phys. and chem. anal. and analyzed for oxidative stability during 45 days of storage under freezing. The addition of extract in the proportion of 200 ppm CAE/kg of hamburger revealed efficacy against lipid oxidation equivalent to treatment with a synthetic antioxidant. As for protein oxidation, there was no pro or antioxidant influence in the treatments. The addition of organic coffee husk extract to chicken hamburgers is thus indicated, being considered as a potential natural additive. In addition, the use of coffee husks helps to minimize the lager amounts of agro-industrial byproducts generated by the coffee industry. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4Synthetic Route of C8H16O).

Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Synthetic Route of C8H16O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Novel 2,4-Diaminoquinazoline Derivatives as SMN2 Promoter Activators for the Potential Treatment of Spinal Muscular Atrophy was written by Thurmond, John;Butchbach, Matthew E. R.;Palomo, Marty;Pease, Brian;Rao, Munagala;Bedell, Louis;Keyvan, Monica;Pai, Grace;Mishra, Rama;Haraldsson, Magnus;Andresson, Thorkell;Bragason, Gisli;Thosteinsdottir, Margret;Bjornsson, Jon Mar;Coovert, Daniel D.;Burghes, Arthur H. M.;Gurney, Mark E.;Singh, Jasbir. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2008.SDS of cas: 120121-01-9 This article mentions the following:

Proximal spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by death of motor neurons in the spinal cord that is caused by deletion and/or mutation of the survival motor neuron gene (SMN1). Adjacent to SMN1 are a variable number of copies of the SMN2 gene. The two genes essentially differ by a single nucleotide, which causes the majority of the RNA transcripts from SMN2 to lack exon 7. Although both SMN1 and SMN2 encode the same Smn protein amino acid sequence, the loss of SMN1 and incorrect splicing of SMN2 have the consequence that Smn protein levels are insufficient for the survival of motor neurons. The therapeutic goal of our medicinal chem. effort was to identify small-mol. activators of the SMN2 promoter that, by up-regulating gene transcription, would produce greater quantities of full-length Smn protein. Our initial medicinal chem. effort explored a series of C5 substituted benzyl ether based 2,4-diaminoquinazolines that were found to be potent activators of the SMN2 promoter; however, inhibition of DHFR was shown to be an off-target activity that was linked to ATP depletion. A structure-guided approach was used to overcome DHFR inhibition while retaining SMN2 promoter activation. A lead compound, the [(fluorobenzyl)piperidinylmethoxy]quinazolinediamine I, was identified as having high potency and 2.3-fold induction of the SMN2 promoter. I possessed desirable pharmaceutical properties, including excellent brain exposure and long brain half-life following oral dosing to mice. I up-regulated expression of the mouse SMN gene in NSC-34 cells, a mouse motor neuron hybrid cell line. In type 1 SMA patient fibroblasts, I induced Smn in a dose-dependent manner when analyzed by immunoblotting and increased the number of intranuclear particles called gems. The compound restored gems numbers in type I SMA patient fibroblasts to levels near unaffected genetic carriers of SMA. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9SDS of cas: 120121-01-9).

(R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.SDS of cas: 120121-01-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

General Method for the Amination of Aryl Halides with Primary and Secondary Alkyl Amines via Nickel Photocatalysis was written by Song, Geyang;Nong, Ding-Zhan;Li, Jing-Sheng;Li, Gang;Zhang, Wei;Cao, Rui;Wang, Chao;Xiao, Jianliang;Xue, Dong. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2022.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

It was reported that Ni(II)-bipyridine complex catalyzed efficient C-N coupling of aryl chlorides and bromides with various primary and secondary alkyl amines under direct excitation with light. Intramol. C-N coupling was also demonstrated. The feasibility and applicability of the protocol in organic synthesis was attested by more than 200 examples. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R鈥昈鈭?. For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Nano-silica melamine trisulfonic acid as an efficient and reusable heterogeneous catalyst in esterification reactions was written by Javaherian, Mohammad;Latifi, Saeideh;Heidarizadeh, Fariba. And the article was included in Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society in 2022.Product Details of 873-76-7 This article mentions the following:

The use of nano-silica melamine trisulfonic acid as a reusable heterogeneous solid acid catalyst in the esterification reaction of carboxylic acids and alcs. is reported. The reaction conditions were optimized by testing temperature, each component of catalyst, feedstock ratios as well as load of catalyst. The synthesized catalyst was characterized by X-ray diffraction, SEM, Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric anal. techniques. The results showed that nano-silica melamine trisulfonic acid was an efficient dehydrating agent in the condensing reactions between different kinds of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids and alcs. The method was simple, rapid, straightforward, catalyst reusability, and holds potential for further application in acid-catalyzed organic synthesis and industrial requirements. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7Product Details of 873-76-7).

(4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Product Details of 873-76-7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Nickel-Catalyzed Thermal Redox Functionalization of C(sp³)-H Bonds with Carbon Electrophiles was written by Gong, Yuxin;Su, Lei;Zhu, Zhaodong;Ye, Yang;Gong, Hegui. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2022.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

A Ni-catalyzed arylation and alkylation of C(sp₃)-H bonds with organohalides to forge C(sp₃)-C bonds by merging economical Zn and tBuOOtBu (DTBP) as the external reductant and oxidant was reported. The mild and easy-to-operate protocol enabled facile carbofunctionalization of N-/O-伪- and cyclohexane C-H bonds, and preparation of a few intermediates of bioactive compounds and drug derivatives Preliminary mechanistic studies implied addition of an alkyl radical to a NiII salt. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Passion fruit seed extract enriched in piceatannol obtained by microwave-assisted extraction was written by Silva, Gislaine C.;Rodrigues, Rodney A. F.;Bottoli, Carla B. G.. And the article was included in Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy in 2021.Electric Literature of C14H12O4 This article mentions the following:

Apart from being food, passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) offers seeds to be used as an oil source, and the residual seed cake from oil extraction contains piceatannol, a mol. that can prevent skin damages. In this work, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was evaluated as a technique for the preparation of piceatannol-rich seed cake extracts, and its performance was compared to the conventional Soxhlet extraction MAE and Soxhlet exhibited different selectivities for the seed cake compounds A sequential MAE at 87掳C, with 70% EtOH, for 30 min each cycle, provided a fine brown powder with 27.17 卤 0.9渭g of piceatannol per mg of the extract, while Soxhlet extraction for 120 min resulted in a dark lumpy extract containing 13.03 卤 0.4渭g mg-1. Thus, MAE was shown to be a promising alternative to produce a passion fruit seed extract for cosmetic purposes, adding value to a residue from the passion fruit chain by providing a faster extraction and a more color friendly and easier-to-handle product with higher levels of piceatannol in comparison to the conventional method. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Electric Literature of C14H12O4).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Electric Literature of C14H12O4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts