Alcohols-buliding-blocks

Efficient aerial oxidation of different types of alcohols using ZnO nanoparticle-MnCO₃-graphene oxide composites was written by Adil, Syed Farooq;Assal, Mohamed E.;Shaik, Mohammed Rafi;Kuniyil, Mufsir;Hashmi, Azhar;Khan, Mujeeb;Khan, Aslam;Tahir, Muhammad Nawaz;Al-Warthan, Abdulrahman;Siddiqui, Mohammed Rafiq H.. And the article was included in Applied Organometallic Chemistry in 2020.Formula: C7H6Cl2O This article mentions the following:

In this study, nanocomposites of graphene oxide (GRO) and ZnO nanoparticle-doped MnCO₃ ([ZnO-MnCO₃/(1%)GRO]) were synthesized via a facile, straightforward co-precipitation technique. Interestingly, it was noticed that the incorporation of GRO in the catalytic system could noticeably improve the catalytic efficiency compared to a catalyst (ZnO-MnCO₃) without GRO, for aerial oxidation of benzyl alc. (BzOH) employing O₂ as a nature-friendly oxidant under base-free conditions. The impacts of various reaction factors were thoroughly explored to optimize reaction conditions using oxidation of BzOH to benzaldehyde (BzH) as a model substrate. The catalysts were characterized using X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric anal., Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, field-emission SEM, Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and Raman spectroscopy. The (1%)ZnO-MnCO₃/(1%)GRO exhibited significant specific activity (67 mmol.g^-1.hr^-1) with full conversion of BzOH and >99% BzH selectivity within just 6 min. The catalytic efficiency of the (1%)ZnO-MnCO₃/(1%)GRO nanocomposite was significantly better than the (1%)ZnO-MnCO₃/(1%)HRG and (1%)ZnO-MnCO₃ catalysts, presumably due to the existence of oxygen-possessing groups on the GRO surface and as well as a very high surface area that could have been instrumental in uniformly dispersing the active sites of the catalyst, i.e., ZnO-MnCO₃. Under optimum circumstances, various kinds of alcs. ROH (R = benzyl, furan-2-ylmethyl, cyclohexyl, 1-phenylethyl, etc.) were selectively transformed to resp. carbonyls, e.g., cyclohexanone with full convertibility over the (1%)ZnO-MnCO₃/(1%)GRO catalyst. Furthermore, the highly effective (1%)ZnO-MnCO₃/(1%)GRO catalyst could be successfully reused and recycled over five consecutive runs with a marginal reduction in its performance and selectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8Formula: C7H6Cl2O).

(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Formula: C7H6Cl2O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Enantioselective synthesis of diisopropyl α-, β-, and γ-hydroxyarylalkylphosphonates from ketophosphonates: a study on the effect of the phosphonyl group was written by Meier, Chris;Laux, Wolfgang H. G.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron in 1996.Electric Literature of C8H9FO This article mentions the following:

A comparative study of different reduction conditions to an enantioselective synthesis of diisorpropyl α-, β- and γ-hydroxyphosphonates by 1,3,2-oxaborolidine catalysis using catecholborane or BH₃·Me₂S is described. The comparison to acetophenone reductions gave information’s on the effect of the phosphonyl group during the reduction of ketophosphonate. So very efficient syntheses to chiral dialkyl α-, β- and γ-hydroxyphosphonates were elaborated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4Electric Literature of C8H9FO).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Electric Literature of C8H9FO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A study of the effects of thiols on the frontal polymerization and pot life of multifunctional acrylate systems with cumene hydroperoxide was written by Morales, Alejandra;Pojman, John A.. And the article was included in Journal of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry in 2013.Formula: C10H14O5 This article mentions the following:

In an effort to create frontal polymerization systems with a “fail-safe” curing mechanism, we studied the effects of thiols on the thermal frontal polymerization velocity and pot life of a mixture of a multifunctional acrylate, kaolin clay (filler), and cumene hydroperoxide with either trimethylolpropane tris(3-mercaptopropionate) or 1-dodecanethiol (DDT). The acrylates were trimethylolpropane triacrylate, trimethylolpropane ethoxylate triacrylate, 1,6-hexanediol diacrylate, and di(ethylene glycol) diacrylate. Without a thiol, frontal polymerization did not occur. The front velocity increased with the concentration of either thiol, which has not been observed with peroxide initiators. The use of DDT yielded longer pot lives than the trithiol. The front velocities were inversely related to the pot lives. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Formula: C10H14O5).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Formula: C10H14O5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effects of calcium salts on thermal characteristics of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose films was written by Sakata, Yukoh;Yamaguchi, Hiroyuki. And the article was included in Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids in 2011.Application of 5743-47-5 This article mentions the following:

Cast films comprising hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and calcium chloride (CaCl₂) have higher flexibility than those with HPMC and calcium lactate pentahydrate (CLP). The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the mol. behavior and the film flexibility of HPMC cast films. In differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements, the HPMC-only cast films exhibited a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 142.1-143.9 °C, which is similar that of HPMC/CLP cast films. In contrast, HPMC/CaCl₂ cast films exhibited Tg of 76.1-77.3 °C, which is lower than that of HPMC-only and HPMC/CLP films. Thermal mech. anal. (TMA) results indicated that the HPMC-only and HPMC/CLP cast films contracted strongly around the Tg calculated using DSC. In contrast, the cast films comprising HPMC/CaCl₂ blends gradually contracted as the temperature increased; this behavior is significantly different from that observed in the HPMC-only and HPMC/CLP films. The most probable mechanism for the film flexibility of HPMC/calcium salt blends was clarified through attenuated total reflection Fourier transform-IR (ATR FT-IR) and thermogravimetric (TG) anal. The anal. results suggest that the difference in the flexibility of the cast films in the presence of CaCl₂ or CLP depends on the difference affinity between calcium salts and water mols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5Application of 5743-47-5).

Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Application of 5743-47-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effects of dietary natural vitamin E supplementation on laying performance, egg quality, serum biochemical indices, tocopherol deposition and antioxidant capacity of laying hens was written by Zhao, Haoran;Chen, Yueping;Wang, Shiqi;Wen, Chao;Zhou, Yanmin. And the article was included in Italian Journal of Animal Science in 2021.Computed Properties of C18H32CaN2O10 This article mentions the following:

This study was to evaluate the effects of dietary natural vitamin E supplementation on laying performance, egg quality, serum biochem. indexes, tocopherol deposition and antioxidant capacity of laying hens. A total of 360 46-wk-old Hyline Brown hens were randomly assigned into five treatments consisting of six replicates with 12 hens each for a 9-wk feeding trial. Birds were fed a basal diet supplemented with 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg natural vitamin E, resp. Natural vitamin E linearly increased egg production and egg mass (p < .05), linearly decreased feed conversion ratio (p < .05) and linearly and quadratically increased feed intake (p < .05). The total tocopherol concentration in liver and yolk increased quadratically and linearly with increasing levels of natural vitamin E, resp. (p < .05). A linear decrease in content of serum low-d. lipoprotein cholesterol was observed (p < .05). Supplementation of natural vitamin E linearly decreased serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level, linearly increased hepatic total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and catalase (CAT) activities, quadratically increased serum CAT activity and linearly and quadratically decreased hepatic MDA accumulation (p < .05). In conclusion, natural vitamin E can enhance laying performance, regulate serum cholesterol concentration, promote tocopherol deposition and improve antioxidant capacity, and dietary supplementation at a dosage of 100 mg/kg was recommended. HighlightsDietary supplementations of natural vitamin E significantly improved laying performance of hens. Dietary supplementations of natural vitamin E significantly increased tocopherol concentration of liver and yolk. Dietary supplementations of natural vitamin E significantly improved antioxidant capacity of hens. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6Computed Properties of C18H32CaN2O10).

Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Computed Properties of C18H32CaN2O10

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Thiolate-bridged dinuclear iron(tris-carbonyl)-nickel complexes relevant to the active site of [NiFe] hydrogenase was written by Ohki, Yasuhiro;Yasumura, Kazunari;Kuge, Katsuaki;Tanino, Soichiro;Ando, Masaru;Li, Zilong;Tatsumi, Kazuyuki. And the article was included in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America in 2008.Related Products of 29364-29-2 This article mentions the following:

The reaction of NiBr₂(EtOH)₄ with 1:2-3 mixture of FeBr₂(CO)₄ and Na(SPh) generated a linear trinuclear Fe-Ni-Fe cluster (CO)₃Fe(μ-SPh)₃Ni(μ-SPh)₃Fe(CO)₃, 1, whereas the analogous reaction system FeBr₂(CO)₄/Na(S^tBu)/NiBr₂(EtOH)₄ (1:2-3:1) gave rise to a linear tetranuclear Fe-Ni-Ni-Fe cluster [(CO)₃Fe(μ-S^tBu)₃Ni(μ-Br)]₂, 2. By using this tetranuclear cluster 2 as the precursor, we have developed a new synthetic route to a series of thiolate-bridged dinuclear Fe(CO)₃-Ni complexes, the structures of which mimic [NiFe] hydrogenase active sites. The reactions of 2 with SC(NMe₂)₂ (tmtu), Na{S(CH₂)₂SMe} and ortho-NaS(C₆H₄)SR (R = Me, ^tBu) led to isolation of (CO)₃Fe(μ-S^tBu)₃NiBr(tmtu), 3, (CO)₃Fe(S^tBu)(μ-S^tBu)₂NI{S(CH₂)₂SMe}, 4, and (CO)₃Fe(S^tBu)(μ-S^tBu)₂Ni{S(C₆H₄)SR}, 5a (R = Me) and 5b (R = ^tBu), resp. Treatment of 2 with 2-methylthiophenolate (ortho-O(C₆H₄)SMe) in methanol resulted in (CO)₃Fe(μ-S^tBu)₃Ni(MeOH){O(C₆H₄)SMe}, 6a. The methanol mol. bound to Ni is labile and is readily released under reduced pressure to afford (CO)₃Fe(S^tBu)(μ-S^tBu)₂Ni{O(C₆H₄)SMe}, 6b, and the coordination geometry of nickel changes from octahedral to square planar. Likewise, the reaction of 2 with NaOAc in methanol followed by crystallization from THF gave (CO)₃Fe(μ-S^tBu)₃Ni(THF)(OAc), 7. The dinuclear complexes, 3-7, are thermally unstable, and a key to their successful isolation is to carry out the reactions and manipulations at -40°. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2Related Products of 29364-29-2).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Related Products of 29364-29-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

One-pot fermentation for erythritol production from distillers grains by the co-cultivation of Yarrowia lipolytica and Trichoderma reesei was written by Liu, Xiaoyan;Yu, Xinjun;He, Aiyong;Xia, Jun;He, Jianlong;Deng, Yuanfang;Xu, Ning;Qiu, Zhongyang;Wang, Xiaoyu;Zhao, Pusu. And the article was included in Bioresource Technology in 2022.COA of Formula: C4H10O4 This article mentions the following:

A co-fermentation process involving Yarrowia lipolytica and Trichoderma reesei was studied, using distillers grains (DGS) as feedstocks for erythritol production DGS can be effectively hydrolyzed by cellulase in the single-strain culture of T. reesei. One-pot solid state fermentation for erythritol production was then established by co-cultivating Y. lipolytica M53-S with the 12 h delay inoculated T. reesei Rut C-30, in which efficient saccharification of DGS and improved production of erythritol were simultaneously achieved. The 10:1 inoculation proportion of Y. lipolytica and T. reesei contributed to the maximum erythritol production of 267.1 mg/gds under the optimal conditions including initial moisture of 55%, pH of 5.0, NaCl addition of 0.02 g/gds and DGS mass of 200 g in 144 h co-cultivation. Being compared with the attempts to produce erythritol from other raw materials, the one-pot SSF with DGS is proposed to be a potential strategy for efficient and economical erythritol production In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6COA of Formula: C4H10O4).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.COA of Formula: C4H10O4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Prospecting of essential oils in combination with florfenicol against motile Aeromonas isolated from tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) was written by da Silva, Ana Maria Souza;Chagas, Edsandra Campos;Chaves, Francisco Celio Maia;de Alexandre Sebastiao, Fernanda. And the article was included in Archives of Microbiology in 2022.Synthetic Route of C10H14O This article mentions the following:

Natural products with antimicrobial activity and their association with synthetic antimicrobials are a sustainable option in fish farming. The objective of this study was to determine antimicrobial activity, antibiofilm potential and synergism of five essential oils (EOs) with florfenicol against motile Aeromonas isolated from Amazonian Colossoma macropomum. As their major constituent, the EOs of the species of Aloysia triphylla, Croton cajucara (red and white morphotype), Cymbopongo citratus and Lippia gracilis present β-pinene (22.1%), germacrene D (11.5%), linalool (23%), geranial (45.7%) and carvacrol (42.2%), resp. The EOs of L. gracilis and C. citratus showed the best antimicrobial activities against the Aeromonas strains (5 mg mL-1). All EOs interfered with biofilm formation and consolidated biofilm. The EOs of A. triphylla, C. citratus and L. gracilis showed a synergistic effect with florfenicol, reducing the amount of the chem. into the water systems while treatment. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Synthetic Route of C10H14O).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Synthetic Route of C10H14O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

The first mixed cyclooctatetraenyl-phospholyl metal complexes. Crystal structure of [U(η-C₈H₈)(η-C₄Me₄P)(BH₄)(OC₄H₈)] was written by Cendrowski-Guillaume, Sophie M.;Nierlich, Martine;Ephritikhine, Michel. And the article was included in Journal of Organometallic Chemistry in 2002.Formula: C4H9NaS This article mentions the following:

Treatment of [U(COT)(BH₄)₂(THF)] (1) or [U(COT)(BH₄)(THF)₂][BPh₄] (2) (COT = η-C₈H₈) with Ktmp (tmp = 2,3,4,5-tetramethylphospholyl) gave [U(COT)(tmp)(BH₄)(THF)] (4), the crystal structure of which was determined Further reaction of Ktmp with 4 afforded the ‘ate’ addition derivative K[U(COT)(tmp)₂(BH₄)(THF)_x]. Complex 4 was transformed into [U(COT)(tmp)(OEt)] (5) in the presence of NaOEt. The cationic compound [U(COT)(tmp)(HMPA)₂][BPh₄] (6) (HMPA, hexamethylphosphoramide) was isolated from the reaction of [U(COT)(HMPA)₃][BPh₄]₂ (3) with Ktmp. The cationic complexes 2 and 3 were recovered upon protonation of 4 and 6 with NEt₃HBPh₄. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2Formula: C4H9NaS).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Formula: C4H9NaS

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis, Characterization and Photoluminescence Study of Novel Sulfobetaine Polyelectrolytes was written by Tarannum, Nazia;Mishra, Hirdyesh;Singh, Meenakshi. And the article was included in Journal of Fluorescence in 2011.Electric Literature of C10H14O5 This article mentions the following:

A novel sulfobetaine copolymer is developed via polycondensation approach. The comonomers, melamine, condenses with a diketone, 5,5-dimethyl-1,3-cyclohexane (dimedone) to produce polyimine chain based on Schiff base chem. Dimedone-[N,N’ melaminium] propane sulfonate copolymer crystals were obtained on treatment of the polyimine with sulfopropylating agent, 1,3-propane sultone with a crosslinker, di(ethylene glycol diacrylate) (DEGDA). This crosslinked sulfobetaine polymer yielded fine needle like single crystals and shows strong blue fluorescence and a week green phosphorescence. Multi-exponential fluorescence decay function indicates the presence of different conformers both in solution and crystalline phase. This easy straightforward protocol for synthesis of crystalline, soluble, and luminescent polymer could prove to be a landmark in development of next generation smart functional materials. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Electric Literature of C10H14O5).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Electric Literature of C10H14O5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts