Effects of Ospemifene on Breast Tissue Morphology and Proliferation: A Comparative Study Versus Other Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators in Ovariectomized Rats was written by Kangas, L.;Harkonen, P.;Vaananen, K.;Keskitalo, J.;Eigeliene, N.. And the article was included in Hormone and Metabolic Research in 2014.Application of 128607-22-7 This article mentions the following:
Ospemifene is a tissue-selective estrogen agonist/antagonist that was recently approved for the treatment of dyspareunia associated with vulvar and vaginal atrophy, which occurs in up to approx. 50% of postmenopausal women. The current analyses were conducted to determine whether ospemifene exhibits estrogenic activity in the mammary glands of ovariectomized rats and to compare potential estrogenic activity with selective estrogen receptor modulators (tamoxifen, raloxifene, and toremifene). Three sep. studies with differing durations (6, 9, and 28 days) were conducted using similar procedures in ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats. Estradiol treatment and sham-treated ovariectomized rats were used as pos. and neg. controls, resp. Cell proliferation was examined using labeled 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine; cytoplasmic prolactin was characterized with antibody staining. The morphol. of the mammary gland was studied by histol. staining of sections from the right fourth mammary glands, and the excised gland from the left side was used for counting the lobulus number Neither ospemifene nor selective estrogen receptor modulators substantially induced 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine staining, altered the morphol. of the mammary glands, or changed prolactin immunostaining in ovariectomized rats compared with the ovariectomized controls. With the exception of toremifene, the selective estrogen receptor modulators did not cause a substantial induction in mammary gland lobuli. Estradiol had effects opposite to those of the selective estrogen receptor modulators in these studies. Ospemifene exhibited no substantial estrogenic activity in the mammary gland of ovariectomized rats. Activity in the mammary gland of ovariectomized rats with ospemifene was comparable to raloxifene and tamoxifen. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Application of 128607-22-7).
(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Application of 128607-22-7
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Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts