Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Liu, Yu published the artcileEffects of Organic Acids on the Release of Fruity Esters in Water: An Insight at the Molecular Level, Application In Synthesis of 97-67-6, the main research area is ester organic acid mol interaction hydrogen bond; aroma release; density functional theory; esters; intermolecular interaction; odour detection threshold; organic acids.

It is well known that organic acids (OAs) could affect the flavor of fruit juices and beverages. However, the mol. mechanism of aroma release is still unclear. In this study, the effects of citric acid (CA), L-(-)-malic acid (MA) and L-lactic acid (LA) on the release of six selected esters and their sensory perception were investigated by means of HS-GC-MS analyses and odor detection threshold determination, resp. Meanwhile, the d. functional theory (DFT) calculation was employed to explore the interaction modes between esters and OAs. HS-GC-MS analyses showed that the concentration and the type of OAs regulated the release of esters. The results were basically consistent with the detection threshold change of those esters. The DFT calculation suggested that the main intermol. interaction was hydrogen bonds, and several esters could form a ternary ring structure with OAs through hydrogen bonds. The interactions can induce the different release behaviors of esters in OAs water solution The number of carboxyl functional groups in OAs and the spatial conformation of esters appeared to influence the magnitude of the interaction. The above results demonstrated the mechanism of OAs affecting the release of esters and indicated a possible flavor control way by using different OAs and OA concentrations

Molecules published new progress about Hydrogen bond. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Application In Synthesis of 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Tezel, Ozge published the artcileDesign and development of self-healing coating based on thiol-epoxy reactions, Safety of Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate), the main research area is self healing coating thiol epoxy microcapsule thermal wettability.

Cracks caused by the effects of mech. or chems. forces on coatings may cause their performance to deteriorate and may shorten their lifetime. The microcapsules used for self-healing coatings provide automatic recovery and extend the life of the coatings. In this study, polyurea-formaldehyde epoxy resin (PUF-epoxy) microcapsules were synthesized by in-situ polymerization; because, they allow the size control of the microcapsules, the thickness of the shell can be controlled, its production is easy, it is cheap and combinable with industry. Synthesized microcapsules were characterized by Fourier Transform IR Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Thermogravimetric Anal. (TGA), SEM (SEM), optical microscope, UV spectrum, zeta analyzer and contact angle measurements. As a result of the thermal anal., the core (epoxy) content of the microcapsules was 57% by weight and 60% by the extraction method based on the principle of selective dissolution, and these two values were compatible with each other. The average microcapsule diameter was found as 185 nm. For the first time in the literature, an epoxy-containing microcapsule was added to the thiol-containing coating material and a self-healing coating was prepared The epoxy-containing microcapsules were artificially cracked and the epoxy resin released from it reacted with the thiol received in the coating. For this reason, it was observed that the artificial scratches formed on the coatings showed good self-healing properties.

Reactive & Functional Polymers published new progress about Coating materials (self-healing). 7575-23-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate), and the molecular formula is C17H28O8S4, Safety of Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate).

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Miazzi, Fabio published the artcileOptimization of insect odorant receptor trafficking and functional expression via transient transfection in HEK293 cells, HPLC of Formula: 505-10-2, the main research area is odorant receptor functional expression insect mammalian cell; Drosophila melanogaster ; HCN1; odorant receptors; rhodopsin.

Insect odorant receptors (ORs) show a limited functional expression in various heterologous expression systems including insect and mammalian cells. This may be in part due to the absence of key components driving the release of these proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and directing them to the plasma membrane. In order to mitigate this problem, we took advantage of small export signals within the human HCN1 and Rhodopsin that have been shown to promote protein release from the endoplasmic reticulum and the trafficking of post-Golgi vesicles, resp. Moreover, we designed a new vector based on a bidirectional expression cassette to drive the functional expression of the insect odorant receptor coreceptor (Orco) and an odor-binding OR, simultaneously. We show that this new method can be used to reliably express insect ORs in HEK293 cells via transient transfection and that is highly suitable for downstream applications using automated and high-throughput imaging platforms.

Chemical Senses published new progress about Bacteriocyte. 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, HPLC of Formula: 505-10-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

He, Qi published the artcileA superchilling storage-ice glazing (SS-IG) of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) sashimi fillets using coating protective layers of Zanthoxylum essential oils (EOs), Safety of rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, the main research area is superchilling storage ice coating protective layers zanthoxylum essential oil.

Sashimi is a perishable aquatic product. Low temperature offers a promising avenue to preserve sashimi, but traditional frozen methods can hardly avoid the undesirable effects caused by fluids’ freezing. The aim of this work is to establish a superchilling storage-ice glazing (SS-IG) approach using essential oils (EOs) from Zanthoxylum acanthopodium (ZA) and Zanthoxylum simulans (ZS) to preserve sashimi. Different compound of EOs were identified using GC-MS. Twelve main active compositions accounted for 52.85% and 63.19% of the total oils. Fresh salmon sashimi fillets were coated by 0.3% of EOs and stored at (-1 ± 0.2) °C for 25 days. EOs-based ice-glazing layers were formed on the surface of sashimi, while the fluids in sashimi samples still kept at liquid state. As the results, the microstructure and sensory quality of sashimi were maximally maintained. The growth of microbial populations and production of total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) in sashimi were inhibited. The degree of lipid oxidation in sashimi was limited at a low range. The results revealed this SS-IG approach can effectively retain the overall quality of sashimi during storage and will be a promising means for the development of sushi industry.

Aquaculture published new progress about Oxygenated terpenes Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Safety of rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ji, Hongying published the artcileHigh oil accumulation in tuber of yellow nutsedge compared to purple nutsedge is associated with more abundant expression of genes involved in fatty acid synthesis and triacylglycerol storage, Quality Control of 97-67-6, the main research area is oil bioaccumulation signaling fatty acid triacylglycerol metabolism tuber Cyperus; Cyperus esculentus; Cyperus rotundus; Fatty acid synthesis; Oil accumulation; RubisCO bypass; Transcriptional control; Triacylglycerol storage; Tuber.

Yellow nutsedge is a unique plant species that can accumulate up to 35% oil of tuber dry weight, perhaps the highest level observed in the tuber tissues of plant kingdom. To gain insight into the mol. mechanism that leads to high oil accumulation in yellow nutsedge, gene expression profiles of oil production pathways involved carbon metabolism, fatty acid synthesis, triacylglycerol synthesis, and triacylglycerol storage during tuber development were compared with purple nutsedge, the closest relative of yellow nutsedge that is poor in oil accumulation. Compared with purple nutsedge, high oil accumulation in yellow nutsedge was associated with significant up-regulation of specific key enzymes of plastidial RubisCO bypass as well as malate and pyruvate metabolism, almost all fatty acid synthesis enzymes, and seed-like oil-body proteins. However, overall transcripts for carbon metabolism toward carbon precursor for fatty acid synthesis were comparable and for triacylglycerol synthesis were similar in both species. Two seed-like master transcription factors ABI3 and WRI1 were found to display similar transcript patterns but were expressed at 6.5- and 14.3-fold higher levels in yellow nutsedge than in purple nutsedge, resp. A weighted gene co-expression network anal. revealed that ABI3 was in strong transcriptional coordination with WRI1 and other key oil-related genes. These results implied that pyruvate availability and fatty acid synthesis in plastid, along with triacylglycerol storage in oil bodies, rather than triacylglycerol synthesis in endoplasmic reticulum, are the major factors responsible for high oil production in tuber of yellow nutsedge, and ABI3 most likely plays a critical role in regulating oil accumulation. This study is of significance with regard to understanding the mol. mechanism controlling carbon partitioning toward oil production in oil-rich tuber and provides a valuable reference for enhancing oil accumulation in non-seed tissues of crops through genetic breeding or metabolic engineering.

Biotechnology for Biofuels published new progress about Bioaccumulation. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Quality Control of 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Dubinin, Mikhail V. published the artcileThe effect of deflazacort treatment on the functioning of skeletal muscle mitochondria in duchenne muscular dystrophy, Application In Synthesis of 97-67-6, the main research area is deflazacort antiinflammatory agent skeletal mitochondria duchenne muscular dystrophy; Ca2+ uniporter; Duchenne muscular dystrophy; deflazacort; mitochondria; mitochondrial permeability transition; skeletal muscle.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe hereditary disease caused by a lack of dystrophin, a protein essential for myocyte integrity. Mitochondrial dysfunction is reportedly responsible for DMD. This study examines the effect of glucocorticoid deflazacort on the functioning of the skeletal-muscle mitochondria of dystrophin-deficient mdx mice and WT animals. Deflazacort administration was found to improve mitochondrial respiration of mdx mice due to an increase in the level of ETC complexes (complexes III and IV and ATP synthase), which may contribute to the normalization of ATP levels in the skeletal muscle of mdx animals. Deflazacort treatment improved the rate of Ca2+ uniport in the skeletal muscle mitochondria of mdx mice, presumably by affecting the subunit composition of the calcium uniporter of organelles. At the same time, deflazacort was found to reduce the resistance of skeletal mitochondria to MPT pore opening, which may be associated with a change in the level of ANT2 and CypD. In this case, deflazacort also affected the mitochondria of WT mice. The paper discusses the mechanisms underlying the effect of deflazacort on the functioning of mitochondria and contributing to the improvement of the muscular function of mdx mice.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about ADP/ATP translocase ANT2 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Application In Synthesis of 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Arakawa, Koichi published the artcileFunctional modulation of liver mitochondria in lipopolysaccharide/drug co-treated rat liver injury model, Computed Properties of 97-67-6, the main research area is liver mitochondria lipopolysaccharide injury rat; Diclofenac; Drug-induced liver injury; Lipopolysaccharide; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial permeability transition.

Drug-induced liver injury is not readily detectable using conventional animal studies during pre-clin. drug development. To address this problem, other researchers have proposed the use of co-administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), an endotoxin produced by gram-neg. bacteria, and a drug. Using this approach, liver injury that is otherwise not detected following drug administration alone can be successfully identified. Previous studies have demonstrated that such injury is suppressed by heparin; therefore, the mechanism may involve coagulation-dependent ischemia. However, it has not been established how LPS-induced ischemia might sensitize hepatocytes to a potentially hepatotoxic drug. In the present study, we aimed to determine the effect of LPS-induced ischemia on liver mitochondrial function and downstream toxicol. responses. Consistent with previous findings, plasma alanine transaminase (ALT) activity was higher in rats co-administered with LPS (1 mg/kg) and diclofenac (100 mg/kg), but reduced by heparin. Liver mRNA expression of Hmox1 encoding heme oxygenase-1, an oxidative stress indicator, was three times higher at 2 h after LPS administration. Furthermore, respiratory activity via mitochondrial complex II, lipid peroxidation in mitochondria, and the susceptibility to mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening in response to diclofenac administration were significantly increased by LPS administration. The increase in plasma ALT activity and the sensitization to mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening were reduced by the co-administration of heparin. In conclusion, LPS-induced transient ischemia disrupts respiratory chain complex activities, enhances reactive oxygen species production, especially in mitochondria, and sensitizes mitochondria to permeability transition pore opening when testing a potentially hepatotoxic drug in vivo.

Journal of Toxicological Sciences published new progress about Animal gene, CXCL10 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Computed Properties of 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Subirats, Xavier published the artcileCharacterization of hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography retention by a linear free energy relationship. Comparison to reversed- and normal-phase retentions, Computed Properties of 584-02-1, the main research area is hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatog retention linear free energy relationship; HILIC; IAM; LFER; Normal-phase; Reversed-phase.

The Abraham solvation parameter model, a linear free energy relationship (LFER) approach, has been used to characterize a polymeric zwitterionic (sulfobetaine) column in HILIC mode. When acetonitrile (MeCN) is used in the preparation of mobile phases the main solute characteristics affecting the chromatog. behavior of analytes are the mol. size and the hydrogen-bonding (both acidity and basicity) interactions. The former property is more favorable in the acetonitrile-rich mobile phase, reducing thus the retention, but the latter reveals a higher affinity for the water layer adsorbed on the stationary phase, enhancing retention. However, if the aprotic acetonitrile is replaced by methanol, a hydrogen-bond acidic solvent, solute hydrogen-bond basicity does not contribute any more to retention, quite the opposite. Thus, a slightly different selectivity is observed in methanol/water than in acetonitrile/water. Normal-phase mode and HILIC-MeCN share the same main factors affecting retention. For reversed-phase and immobilized artificial membrane (IAM) chromatog., the solute mol. size increase retention because of the lower amount of energy required in the formation of a cavity in the solvated stationary phase. On the contrary, the analyte hydrogen-bond basicity favors interactions with the hydroorg. mobile phase and reduces retention. The determined parameters justify the reversed selectivity commonly observed in HILIC in reference to reversed-phase. In most instances, the least retained solutes in reversed-phase are the most retained in HILIC.

Analytica Chimica Acta published new progress about Chromatographic columns (polymeric zwitterionic column). 584-02-1 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-Pentanol, and the molecular formula is C5H12O, Computed Properties of 584-02-1.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Heshmati, Javad published the artcileA systematic review and meta-analysis of the probiotics and synbiotics effects on oxidative stress, Application of (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol, the main research area is meta analysis probiotics synbiotics effect oxidative stress.

We performed a comprehensive search of medical bibliog. databases to identify interventional studies reporting the effect of probiotics (or synbiotics) supplementation on biomarkers of oxidative stress. Twenty seven articles that included 1363 subjects (709 cases and 699 controls) were included to our analyses. Oxidative stress parameters levels, including total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (0.31 mmol/L, 95% CI: 0.13-0.50, P < 0.001), glutathione (GSH) (SMD: 0.44 μmol/L, 95% CI: 0.26-0.62, P < 0.001), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (SMD: 0.48 U/mg, 95% CI: 0.16-0.81, P = 0.004) and nitric oxide (NO) (SMD: 0.57 μmol/L, 95% CI: 0.19-0.94, P = 0.003) were higher in probiotics (or synbiotics) group compared to controls. Moreover, malondialdehyde (MDA) (SMD = -0.45 μmol/L, 95%CI = -0.63 to -0.26, P < 0.001) level was lower than controls. Probiotics and synbiotic supplementation improve antioxidant resistance and increase the amount of antioxidant enzymes in the body. Journal of Functional Foods published new progress about Bifidobacterium bifidum Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 64519-82-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol, and the molecular formula is C12H24O11, Application of (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Kutlu, Gozde published the artcileExtraction of a novel water-soluble gum from nettle (Urtica dioica) seeds: Optimization and characterization, Computed Properties of 59-23-4, the main research area is Urtica seed gum physicochem rheol property food formulation; Galactomannan; Nettle gum; Response Surface Methodology.

Nettle seed gum (NSG) which is a novel potential source of hydrocolloid was characterized in terms of yield, physicochem., rheol., functional and thermal properties. According to Response Surface Methodol., the maximum extraction yield was determined as 6.17% on dry basis. In order to clarify the structural information of the gum, the FT-IR anal. and monosaccharide composition determination were performed. In the results, the NSG had 8.48% moisture, 10.81% total ash, 2.89% total protein, 1.15% total oil and 76.67% total carbohydrate. The FT-IR anal. revealed the existence of carboxyl groups, which gives the gum the capability of ion binding. Furthermore, Mannose/Galactose ratio was calculated as 1.07, indicating the water solubility of gum. DSC anal. showed that the NSG was highly stable in thermal process. Intrinsic viscosity, average viscosity and mol. weight values were determined as 8.56 ± 0.4 dL/g and 1.89 ± 0.1 x 106 g/mol, resp. The emulsification capacity, emulsion stability and foam formation capacity of the NSG were 48%, 40% and 4%, resp. The NSG exhibited shear thinning behavior while dynamic rheol. anal. indicated the NSG had viscoelastic properties and G′ (the storage modulus) was higher than G′′ (the loss modulus). In conclusion, the present study supplied novel knowledge on the NSG, which will be inestimable for clarifying its matchless functional properties.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Emulsification. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Computed Properties of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts