Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Jia, Dongjie published the artcileGenetic variation in the promoter of an R2R3-MYB transcription factor determines fruit malate content in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.), Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is gene expression Malus breeding genetic variation R2R3MYB malate.

Deciphering the mechanism of malate accumulation in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) fruits can help to improve their flavor quality and enhance their benefits for human health. Here, we analyzed malate content as a quant. trait that is determined mainly by genetic effects. In a previous study, we identified an R2R3-MYB transcription factor named MdMYB44 that was a candidate gene in qtl08.1 (quant. trait locus mapped to chromosome 8) of fruit malate content. In the present study, we established that MdMYB44 neg. regulates fruit malate accumulation by repressing the promoter activity of the malate-associated genes Ma1 (Al-Activated Malate Transporter 9), Ma10 (P-type ATPase 10), MdVHA-A3 (V-type ATPase A3), and MdVHA-D2 (V-type ATPase D2). Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MdMYB44 promoter, SNP A/G and SNP T/-, were exptl. shown to associate with fruit malate content. The TATA-box in the MdMYB44 promoter in the presence of SNP A enhances the basal activity of the MdMYB44 promoter. The binding of a basic-helix-loop-helix transcription factor MdbHLH49 to the MdMYB44 promoter was enhanced by the presence of SNP T, leading to increased MdMYB44 transcript levels and reduced malate accumulation. Furthermore, MdbHLH49 interacts with MdMYB44 and enhances MdMYB44 activity. The two SNPs could be used in combination to select for sour or non-sour apples, providing a valuable tool for the selection of fruit acidity by the apple breeding industry. This research is important for understanding the complex mol. mechanisms of fruit malate accumulation and accelerating the development of germplasm innovation in apple species and cultivars.

Plant Physiology published new progress about Apple. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Park, Jong-Beom published the artcileDevelopment of Korean Indigenous Low-Temperature-Tolerant Yeast for Enhancing the Flavor of Yakju, Product Details of C4H10OS, the main research area is Saccharomyces temperature flavor yakju Korea.

Yakju, a traditional fermented beverage in Korea, is prepared using various raw materials and methods, and, hence, exhibits various characteristics. Low-temperature-fermented yakju can inhibit the growth of undesirable bacteria and is known for its unique flavor and refreshing taste. To increase the production of volatile aromatic compounds in yakju, strains with strong resistance to low temperatures and excellent production of volatile aromatic compounds were screened from indigenous fruits (grape, persimmon, plum, aronia, wild grape) and nuruk in Korea. One Saccharomyces cerevisiae and three non-Saccharomyces strains were finally screened, and yakju was fermented at 15°C through mono/co-culture. The anal. of volatile aromatic compounds showed that S. cerevisiae W153 produced 1.5 times more isoamyl alc. than the control strain and reduced the production of 2,3-butanediol by a third. Similarly, a single culture of Pichia kudriavzevii N373 also produced 237.7 mg/L of Et acetate, whereas Hanseniaspora vineae G818 produced ∼11 times greater levels of 2-phenethyl acetate than the control. Alternatively, Wickerhamomyces anomalus A159 produced 95.88 mg/L of Et hexadecanoate. During principal component anal., we also observed that the co-culture sample exhibited characteristics of both volatile aroma compounds of the single cultured sample of each strain. Our results suggest that yakju with unique properties can be prepared using various non-Saccharomyces strains.

Fermentation published new progress about Aronia. 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Product Details of C4H10OS.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Yang, Xiuyan published the artcileStructure-immunomodulatory activity relationships of Hedysarum polysaccharides extracted by a method involving a complex enzyme combined with ultrasonication, SDS of cas: 59-23-4, the main research area is Hedysarum splenocyte macrophage proliferation polysaccharide; structure immunomodulatory activity relationship ultrasonication.

A new, more effective and environmentally friendly method involving a complex enzyme combined with ultrasonication was employed to extract and isolate three novel polysaccharides (HPS-MCs: HPS-MC, HPS-MC (50%) and HPS-MC (80%)) of Radix Hedysari. Compared with polysaccharides obtained using a traditional extraction method (hot water extraction, HPS-R), the yields and total carbohydrate contents of HPS-MCs were significantly higher. HPS-MC (80%) exhibited relatively strong immunomodulatory activity and a concentration-dependent dose-response relationship under cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced immunosuppressive conditions in mice models. To more comprehensively investigate the relationships between structural characteristics and immunomodulatory activity, HPS-MC (80%) was fractionated into three major homogeneous polysaccharide fractions (HPS-MC (80%)s: HPS-MC (80%)-1, HPS-MC (80%)-2, and HPS-MC (80%)-3). These three homogeneous polysaccharides had different mass percentages of monosaccharides species (rhamnose, arabinose, mannose, glucose, and galactose) by gas chromatog. (GC) and different mol. weights and chain conformations by high-performance gel permeation chromatog. coupled with multi-angle laser light scattering (HPGPC-MALLS), and promoted macrophage and splenocyte proliferation to different degrees. These findings indicated that HPS-MC (80%) had a prominent potential immune response, especially HPS-MC (80%)-2 and HPS-MC (80%)-3, and might be suitable candidates for functional foods or potential novel immunomodulators.

Food & Function published new progress about B cell. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, SDS of cas: 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

He, Fei published the artcileDifferent distillation stages Baijiu classification by temperature-programmed headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry and gas chromatography-olfactometry-mass spectrometry combined with chemometric strategies, Application of 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, the main research area is distillation baijiu temperature headspace gas chromatog ion mobility spectrometry; Aroma-active compounds; Multivariate statistical analysis; Raw Baijiu classification; Strong flavor Baijiu; TP-HS-GC–IMS.

Liquid-liquid microextraction (LLME) combined with gas chromatog.-olfactometry-mass spectrometry (GC-O-MS) was used to detect the variations in volatile compounds during the distillation process (head, heart, and tail) of raw Baijiu produced by different layers of fermented grains; 47 aroma compounds were sniffed and identified. Moreover, temperature-programmed headspace gas chromatog.-ion mobility spectrometry (TP-HS-GC-IMS) was applied to characterize the Baijiu distillation process for the first time. The 3D fingerprint spectrum clearly showed a variation in volatile compounds from different distillation stages, and most compounds showed a downward trend. In addition, multivariate statistical anal., including principal component anal. (PCA), partial least squares discriminant anal. (PLS-DA), etc., confirmed ten aroma active markers related to classification, indicating that these markers had a great influence on the flavor of raw Baijiu.

Food Chemistry published new progress about Baijiu. 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Application of 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Dong, Wei published the artcileCharacterization of key odorants causing the roasted and mud-like aromas in strong-aroma types of base Baijiu, SDS of cas: 505-10-2, the main research area is base Baijiu odorant roasted aroma characterization; 3-(methylthio)propanal (PubChem CID: 18635); 3-methylindole (PubChem CID: 6736); Butyric acid (PubChem CID: 264); Hexanoic acid (PubChem CID: 8892); Interactions; Mud-like odor; Multiple quantitative measurements; Omission analysis; Roasted odor; Strong-aroma types of base Baijiu; p-Cresol (PubChem CID: 2879).

The roasted and mud-like aromas in Chinese strong-aroma types of base Baijiu (base SAB) and the interactions among the corresponding key compounds causing these two characteristic aromas were investigated. A total of 68 and 64 odorants were identified in the base and com. SAB by comparative aroma extract dilution anal. Furthermore, the complex matrix of Baijiu always pose a long-term challenge for quant. accuracy and precision of target aroma compounds; thus, the odorants with flavor dilution (FD) ≥ 9 were further quantified by multiple quant. techniques, including the direct injection combined with gas chromatog.-flame ionization detector, the vortex-assisted surfactant-enhanced emulsification liquid-liquid microextraction (VSLLME) combined with GC-MS, and the derivatization method combined with VSLLME-GC-MS, and 37 and 26 odorants were shown to be important odorants as their OAVs ≥1. Among these components, 5 compounds, hexanoic acid, butyric acid, p-cresol, 3-methylindole, and 3-(methylthio)propanal showed higher OAVs in base than in com. SAB, and based on aroma recombination and omission anal., they were confirmed to be the key odorants responsible for the mud-like and roasted odors. The evaluation of the aforementioned five key odorants by the “”addition”” test showed that the roasted and mud-like aromas of base SAB were related, and the odors were mainly attributed to additive or masking effects among the compounds

Food Research International published new progress about Baijiu. 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, SDS of cas: 505-10-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Lulu published the artcileCharacterization of Potent Odorants Causing a Pickle-like Off-Odor in Moutai-Aroma Type Baijiu by Comparative Aroma Extract Dilution Analysis, Quantitative Measurements, Aroma Addition, and Omission Studies, Quality Control of 505-10-2, the main research area is baijiu aroma off odor; Moutai-aroma type Baijiu; aroma addition; comparative aroma extract dilution analysis; odor activity value; off-odor; omission test.

A potent unpleasant aroma presenting a pickle-like off-odor in Moutai-aroma type Baijiu was studied by comparative aroma extract dilution anal. (AEDA). Two Moutai-aroma type Baijiu samples, one having no off-odor (A) and the other one presenting pickle-like off-odor (B), were selected for chem. anal. and sensory evaluation. The aroma compounds were isolated by headspace solid-phase microextraction and liquid-liquid extraction AEDA, quant. anal., and odor activity value calculation were performed in both the A and B samples. The main differences between the two samples were obtained for 12 compounds, presenting significantly higher concentrations in the off-odor sample. A total of 30 Moutai-aroma type Baijiu samples having different intensities of pickle-like sensory defect were analyzed to confirm the differences. An aroma addition test indicated that the 12 compounds with higher concentrations contributed to the pickle-like off-odor when spiked into sample A. Finally, a triangle test involving omission of the aroma compounds from the spiked A sample proved that 2-methyl-3-furanthiol, methional, Me 2-methyl-3-furyl disulfide, di-Me trisulfide, 2-furfurylthiol, methanethiol, di-Me disulfide, and bis(2-methyl-3-furyl)disulfide with higher concentrations were generally responsible for the pickle-like off-odor in Moutai-aroma type Baijiu.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry published new progress about Baijiu. 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Quality Control of 505-10-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Yang, San-dong published the artcileDetermination of benzo(a)pyrene in fried and baked foods by HPLC combined with vesicular coacervative supramolecular solvent extraction, Recommanded Product: n-Octanol, the main research area is fried baked food benzo a pyrene HPLC SUPRAS; Benzo(a)pyrene; Green chemistry; Liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection; Supramolecular solvent (SUPRAS).

A simple, rapid and low-cost determination method of benzo(a)pyrene in fried and baked foods was proposed by high performance liquid chromatog. combined with vesicular coacervative supramol. solvent (SUPRAS) extraction The vesicular coacervate was composed of 1-octanol and tetrabutylammonium bromide. 200 mg of dried samples with 600 μL SUPRAS could be mixed to extract benzo(a)pyrene. Neither evaporation nor further clean-up steps for the extracts were needed. The overall sample treatment took approx. 30 min, and several samples could be simultaneously treated using conventional lab equipment. Then, benzo(a)pyrene was analyzed via liquid chromatog.-fluorescence detection. Parameters affecting the extraction efficiency were investigated and optimized. The results showed good linearity of benzo(a)pyrene with the coefficients of determination (R2) of more than 0.9999 in the range of 0.1-50.0 μg/kg. The limit of detection of the method was 0.11 μg/kg. Recoveries for spiked samples in the range of 1-10 μg/kg were between 89.86 and 100.01%, with relative standard deviations from 1.20 to 3.20%. Benzo(a)pyrene was present in food samples (including instant noodles, biscuits, rice crust and fried bread stick) at concentrations in the range of 0.08-0.39 μg/kg according to the proposed method. The proposed pretreatment method significantly reduces the anal. time. Furthermore, the solventless approach is in accordance with the green chem. development trend and has significant application prospects.

Journal of Food Science and Technology (New Delhi, India) published new progress about Baking. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Recommanded Product: n-Octanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Tavera-Quiroz, Maria Jose published the artcileBaked snack from green apples formulated with the addition of isomalt, COA of Formula: C12H24O11, the main research area is crispy snack baking green apple formulation isomalt.

The objectives of this study were: to develop a crispy snack with the addition of isomalt and maltodextrin, to assess phys., chem. and sensory properties and to evaluate the stability during storage and after being conditioned at different relative humidities. Isomalt, produced by reducing isomaltulose (6-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-D-fructofuranose) is used in food products as a noncariogenic nutritive sweetener. Its use had a protective effect on the apple tissue submitted to high temperatures since the snack had good quality attributes and also preserved the added ascorbic acid during the baking process. Isotherms showed a resistant behavior pattern in regions of low aw, but on exceeding 0.7 of aw the moisture content increased dramatically. Similar trends were followed by snack texture and Tg.

LWT–Food Science and Technology published new progress about Baking. 64519-82-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol, and the molecular formula is C12H24O11, COA of Formula: C12H24O11.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Tang, Ke published the artcileAroma characteristics of Cabernet Sauvignon wines from Loess Plateau in China by QDA, Napping and GC-O analysis, Formula: C4H10OS, the main research area is Vitis wine aroma QDA Napping gas chromatog olfactometry China.

Abstract: Loess Plateau is a new rapidly developing wine region in China, but wine style from this region is rarely studied. The aroma typicalies and differences of Cabernet Sauvignon wines between Loess Plateau and other three main regions (Shandong, Ningxia and Xinjiang) in China were comprehensively analyzed by Quant. Descriptive Anal. (QDA), Napping and Gas Chromatog.-Olfactometry (GC-O) anal. Results showed that differences existed between wines from Loess Plateau and other three regions in China based on their aroma characteristics. The results of QDA and Napping revealed that wines from Loess Plateau had richer fruity aroma, especially the typical hawthorn aroma. A similar result showed that the fruity compounds had higher flavor dilution factors in wines from Loess Plateau by aroma extract dilution anal. Identified by GC-O and gas chromatog.-mass spectrometric, Et butanoate, isoamyl formate and Bu acetate were key compounds for the fruity aroma of wines from Loess Plateau.

European Food Research and Technology published new progress about Baking. 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Formula: C4H10OS.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Jagodzinska, Katarzyna published the artcileTorrefaction of wheat-barley straw: Composition and toxicity of torrefaction condensates, Product Details of C5H12O, the main research area is wheat barley straw chem composition torrefaction.

Until now, few studies on the valorisation of torrefaction condensable volatiles (condensates) have been performed. The composition and toxicity of torrefaction condensable volatiles determine their possible applications. Therefore, a study on the composition of wheat-barley straw torrefaction condensates, combined with toxicity tests, was performed. This anal. was mainly aimed at the utilization of these condensates as an anaerobic digestion substrate. The torrefaction process was performed in a batch-scale reactor at temperatures from 240°C to 320°C. The condensates were analyzed using GC/MS, and quant. anal. was based on the calibration curves (external standard method). Toxicity tests were performed for vascular plants (Lemna sp. Growth Inhibition Test), saltwater bacteria (Microtox bioassay) and freshwater crustaceans (Daphtoxkit F magna survival bioassay). The condensates were classified as highly toxic for the tested organisms. Compounds that are inhibitory and/or toxic to anaerobic bacteria were detected in the samples, e.g. furfural, guaiacol, palmitic acid and oleic acid. Taking into account the condensates’ high toxicity for the tested organisms and the presence of anaerobic digestion process inhibitors, there is a significant likelihood that prior detoxification of the condensates is necessary before they can be utilized as anaerobic digestion substrates.

Biomass and Bioenergy published new progress about Barley. 584-02-1 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-Pentanol, and the molecular formula is C5H12O, Product Details of C5H12O.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts