Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Lapsiri, Wanticha published the artcileViability of Lactobacillus plantarum TISTR 2075 in Different Protectants during Spray Drying and Storage, Safety of (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol, the main research area is Lactobacillus probiotic viability protectant spray drying storage.

Spray drying was applied for the production of Lactobacillus plantarum TISTR 2075 powder using maltodextrin as the carrier. A survival rate of 0.85% was achieved for this probiotic bacteria after spray drying. To improve the survival of this strain during the spray-drying process and storage, various protectants were added before drying. These included protein, trehalose, fibersol, ascorbic acid, isomalt, palatinose, and gum acacia. The results indicated that trehalose and protein (a combination of soy protein isolate and milk protein concentrate) significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced the viability during spray drying, with survival rates of 57.70 and 25.31%, resp. Survival of the dried strain was also monitored over a period of 12 mo' storage at 4 and 25°C. Higher temperature induced lower viability of the strain in all protectants during this long-term storage. Accelerated storage tests using temperatures of 37, 45, 60, and 80°C were also applied to the spray-dried powders. A temperature-dependent prediction model was developed to determine the viability of the spray-dried L. plantarum TISTR 2075 in different protectants for long-term storage. Drying Technology published new progress about Biodegradation. 64519-82-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol, and the molecular formula is C12H24O11, Safety of (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Khajone, Vijay B. published the artcileBronsted acid functionalized phthalocyanine on perylene diimide framework knotted with ionic liquid: An efficient photo-catalyst for production of biofuel component octyl levulinate at ambient conditions under visible light irradiation, Application of n-Octanol, the main research area is Bronsted acid functionalized phthalocyanine perylene diimide framework esterification; biofuel octyl levulinate visible light irradiation ionic liquid photocatalyst.

Novel Broensted acid functionalized phthalocyanine on perylene diimide framework knotted with ionic liquid (BAFPcPDIL) was synthesized and confirmed by instrumentation techniques. DRS-spectrum and Hammett value has been determined to confirm band-gap and proton levels of photo-catalyst, resp. The photo-catalytic performance was evaluated by production of octyl levulinate (OL) using levulinic acid (LA) with n-octyl alc. (OA) under visible light irradiations. Response surface methodol. (RSM) with Box-Behnken design (BBD) with 29 experiments was applied to explore consequences of 4 crucial process variables: catalyst loading (A), molar ratio of reactants (B) and power of visible light (C), duration in hour (D) on OL yield. From the model, the optimum conditions for the utmost conversion were found as: 10 mg catalyst with (1:1) alc. to LA molar ratio under 12 W lamp, in 12 h for completing esterification reaction with 95.58% yield of OL. With optimum conditions, various alkyl esters such as Me levulinate 92.14%, Et levulinate 93.12%, Pr levulinate 91.45%, isoPr levulinate 92.38%, Bu levulinate 85.13%, n-pentyl levulinate 86.35%, n-hexyl levulinate 89.57%, CMe3 levulinate 91.58%, were successfully synthesized with excellent yields. The plausible photocatalytic mechanism of the esterification reaction was also described. The study was extended on blending of OL with diesel sample in 10-30%, found comparable result of d., kinematic viscosity, calorific values, cetane number, flash, fire and pour point of the blended samples with blank diesel sample and appreciable changes in exhaust gases of 25% blended diesel sample. Addnl., BAFPcPDIL displayed good recyclability without loss of photo reactivity after 4 runs.

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Application of n-Octanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Xuan, Tiemin published the artcileAn optical study on spray and combustion characteristics of ternary hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel/methanol/n-octanol blends; part I: Spray morphology, ignition delay, and flame lift-off length, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is biodiesel methanol octanol blend spray morphol optical combustion.

A fundamental study on spray morphol., ignition delay, and flame lift-off length of two ternary hydrogenated catalytic biodiesel (HCB)/methanol/n-octanol blends were carried out by performing visualization tests through high-speed Schlieren and OH* chemiluminescence simultaneously within a quiescent combustion chamber. The two ternary mixtures are 68% by volume HCB, 17% octanol, and 15% methanol, as well as 58% HCB, 17% octanol, and 25% methanol, which are denoted as M15 and M25 resp. It was found that the mixture stability of HCB/methanol is significantly enhanced using n-octanol as the co-solvent. The pure HCB (M0) was also tested under the same operating conditions as references All the sprays were injected into the chamber through an injector equipped with a single-hole nozzle. Exptl. results show that spray of M0 presents a faster penetration, following by M15 and M25, which is mainly caused by the shorter ignition delay of M0; With the increase of methanol percentage in the blends, the stoichiometric fuel mass fraction increases because of the high oxygen content of methanol, which contributes to a longer ignition delay; There are two factors of the blended fuel properties affecting flame lift-off length, namely stoichiometric fuel mass fraction and cetane number It was found the cetane number plays a much more important role than that of stoichiometric fuel mass fraction on lift-off length.

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Sidharth published the artcileComparison of properties of ternary fuel blends of diesel-octanol with biodiesel, COA of Formula: C8H18O, the main research area is biodiesel octanol nitrogen oxide transesterification petroleum diesel.

Biodiesel is adopted by many countries as a substitute to diesel and is used in blended form in a diesel engine. It has very similar properties to diesel. However, owing to slightly higher viscosity, d. and nitrogen oxide (NOX) emissions on burning, it still is not the best choice. Octanol, have similar properties to diesel. Octanol has added oxygen and also reduces the NOX emissions due to the quenching effect in the cylinder. However, its lower calorific value shall reduce engine performance. In the current study, waste cooking oil biodiesel is produced by a single step transesterification process and several blends of diesel, biodiesel and octanol were prepared Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR) and oxidation stability tests of the produced biodiesel were performed. FTIR test confirmed the presence of biodiesel. Oxidation stability test of biodiesel was also passed as the induction time in over 6 h. Blends of diesel and octanol were prepared in proportion of diesel (95%, 90%, 85% and 80%) and octanol (5%, 10%, 15% and 20%). These blends were added to 3%, 5% and 10% biodiesel. Several physico-chem. properties namely d., viscosity, calorific value, flash point and cold filter plugging point (CFPP) were determined as per ASTM standards It is concluded that the 10% octanol, 90% diesel when mixed with 10% biodiesel showed very similar properties to diesel and shall be a viable alternative to petroleum diesel.

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, COA of Formula: C8H18O.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Miura, Patricia Tidori published the artcileStudy of the chemical composition and ecotoxicological evaluation of essential oils in Daphnia magna with potential use in aquaculture, Synthetic Route of 124-76-5, the main research area is Daphnia essential oil chem composition aquaculture ecotoxicol.

Essential oils have been used in aquaculture due to their wide range of biol. activities. However, even though they have a potentially low risk for fish, it is necessary to assess the risks to nontarget organisms to guarantee their safe use in the environment. Here, we assessed the acute toxicity on the model organism Daphniamagna of seven essential oils of interest in aquaculture (Lippiaalba, Lippiagracilis, Lippiasidoides, Menthaarvensis, Menthapiperita, Ocimumgratissimum and Pipercallosum). Furthermore, we also studied the chem. composition of essential oils using gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to relate toxicity to the chem. composition The half maximal effective concentration values during 48 h of exposure (EC50-48 h) of the essential oils for D. magna showed toxicity ranging from moderately (EC50-48 h 3.59 mg/L for L. gracilis, followed by L. sidoides, L. alba and O. gratissimum) to slightly toxic (EC50-48 h 43.74 mg/L for M. piperita as the least toxic, M. arvensis and P. callosum). Thus, for the purpose of establishing ecol. safe therapeutic protocols, the correct use of these substances in aquaculture should be considered, as the toxicity of the essential oils observed indicates potential interference with the nontarget organism D. magna.

Aquaculture Research published new progress about Acute toxicity. 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Synthetic Route of 124-76-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zarini, Daniele published the artcileAre In Silico Approaches Applicable As a First Step for the Prediction of e-Liquid Toxicity in e-Cigarettes?, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is toxicity electronic cigarette liquid QSAR model.

Recent studies have raised concerns about e-cigarette liquid inhalation toxicity by reporting the presence of chems. with European Union CLP toxicity classification. In this scenario, the regulatory context is still developing and is not yet up to date with vaping current reality. Due to the paucity of toxicol. studies, robust data regarding which components in tent. In this study we applied computational methods for studied chems. as a useful tool for predicting the acute toxicity of chems. contained in e-liquids The purpose of t the potential health concerns associated with e-liquid ingredients, (b) to prioritize e-liquid ingredients by calculating the e-tox index, and (c) to estimate acute toxicity of e-liquid mixtures QSAR models were generated using QSARINS software to fill the acute toxicity data gap of 264 e-liquid ingredients. As a second step, the potential acute toxicity of e-liquids mixtures was evaluated. Our preliminary data suggest that a computational approa serve as a roadmap to enable regulatory bodies to better regulate e-liquid composition and to contribute to consumer health protection.

Chemical Research in Toxicology published new progress about Acute toxicity. 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Tunnisa, Fitra published the artcileAntioxidant and antidiabetic compounds identification in several Indonesian underutilized Zingiberaceae spices using SPME-GC/MS-based volatilomics and in silico methods, HPLC of Formula: 124-76-5, the main research area is Zingiber eucalyptol fenchone volatiles antioxidant antidiabetic SPME GCMS Indonesia; AC, Amomum compactum Soluble ex Maton; AGI, α-glucosidase inhibitor; AM, Alpinia malaccensis (Burm.f.) Roscoe; Antioxidant; BR, Boesenbergia rotunda L. Mansf.; CA, Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb; CH, Curcuma heyneana Val. & Zijp; CP, Curcuma purpurascens Blume; CT, Curcuma petiolata Roxb; CUPRAC, Cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity; CZ, Curcuma zedoria Roscoe; DPPH, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; FRAP, Ferric reducing antioxidant property; GC/MS, Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry; Metabolomics; OPLS, Orthogonal projection to the least square; PCA, Principal component analysis; SPME, Solid phase micro extraction; SPME-GC/MS; TFC, Total flavonoid content; TPC, Total phenolic content; Volatiles; ZA, Zingiber aromaticum Val.; ZC, Zingiber purpureum Roscoe; ZO, Zingiber ottensii Val.; ZZ, Zingiber zerumpet L. Roscoe ex Sm.; α-Glucosidase inhibitor.

This study aimed to identify compounds in 12 minor Zingiberaceae spices grown in Indonesia linked with in vitro α-glucosidase inhibitor and antioxidant (DPPH, FRAP, CUPRAC) activities using SPME-GC/MS volatilomics. The results illustrated that Zingiber aromaticum Val., Alpinia malaccensis (Burm.f.) Roscoe, Amomum compactum Soluble ex Maton, and Zingiber purpureum Roscoe had the highest α-glucosidase inhibitor and DPPH, FRAP, CUPRAC antioxidant activities, resp. Also, the total phenolic content pos. influenced DPPH, FRAP, and CUPRAC antioxidant activities. The strongest pos. correlation with α-glucosidase inhibitor and DPPH antioxidant activities was found in eucalyptol; whereas o-cymene and terpinen-4-ol had the strongest correlations with FRAP and CUPRAC antioxidants, resp. Furthermore, the mol. docking anal. revealed that all compounds with a strong correlation with α-glucosidase inhibitor activity (based on their OPLS VIP score) had binding energies (-5.06 – -6.26 kcal/mol) close to Acarbose (-10.11 kcal/mol). Thus, this study provided vital information on the volatile compounds in underutilized spices associated with their health beneficial properties.

Food Chemistry: X published new progress about Adipose tissue. 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, HPLC of Formula: 124-76-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

MacCannell, Amanda D. V. published the artcileSexual dimorphism in adipose tissue mitochondrial function and metabolic flexibility in obesity, Safety of (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is gene expression sexual dimorphism adipose tissue metabolic flexibility obesity.

The prevalence of obesity is growing globally. Adiposity increases the risk for metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Adipose tissue distribution influences systemic metabolism and impacts metabolic disease risk. The link between sexual dimorphisms of adiposity and metabolism is poorly defined. We hypothesise that depot-specific adipose tissue mitochondrial function contributes to the sexual dimorphism of metabolic flexibility in obesity. Male and female mice fed high fat diet (HFD) or standard diet (STD) from 8-18 wk of age underwent whole animal calorimetry and high-resolution mitochondrial respirometry anal. on adipose tissue depots. To determine translatability we used RT-qPCR to examine key brown adipocyte-associated gene expression: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor co-activator 1α, Uncoupling protein 1 and cell death inducing DFFA like effector a in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and s.c. adipose tissue (sWAT) of 18-wk-old mice and sWAT from human volunteers. Male mice exhibited greater weight gain compared to female mice when challenged with HFD. Relative to increased body mass, the adipose to body weight ratio for BAT and sWAT depots was increased in HFD-fed males compared to female HFD-fed mice. Oxygen consumption, energy expenditure, respiratory exchange ratio and food consumption did not differ between males and females fed HFD. BAT mitochondria from obese females showed increased Complex I & II respiration and maximal respiration compared to lean females whereas obese males did not exhibit adaptive mitochondrial BAT respiration. Sexual dimorphism in BAT-associated gene expression in sWAT was also associated with Body Mass Index in humans. We show that sexual dimorphism of weight gain is reflected in mitochondrial respiration anal. Female mice have increased metabolic flexibility to adapt to changes in energy intake by regulating energy expenditure through increased complex II and maximal mitochondrial respiration within BAT when HFD challenged and increased proton leak in sWAT mitochondria.

International Journal of Obesity published new progress about Adipose tissue. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Safety of (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Simmen, Frank A. published the artcileMalic enzyme 1 (ME1) in the biology of cancer: it is not just intermediary metabolism, Safety of (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is review malic enzyme cancer biol intermediary metabolism; NADPH; cancer; glutathione; hyperinsulinemia; malic enzyme; thioredoxin.

Malic enzyme 1 (ME1) is a cytosolic protein that catalyzes the conversion of malate to pyruvate while concomitantly generating NADPH from NADP. Early studies identified ME1 as a mediator of intermediary metabolism primarily through its participatory roles in lipid and cholesterol biosynthesis. ME1 was one of the first identified insulin-regulated genes in liver and adipose and is a transcriptional target of thyroxine. Multiple studies have since documented that ME1 is pro-oncogenic in numerous epithelial cancers. In tumor cells, the reduction of ME1 gene expression or the inhibition of its activity resulted in decreases in proliferation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and in vitro migration, and conversely, in promotion of oxidative stress, apoptosis and/or cellular senescence. Here, we integrate recent findings to highlight ME1’s role in oncogenesis, provide a rationale for its nexus with metabolic syndrome and diabetes, and raise the prospects of targeting the cytosolic NADPH network to improve therapeutic approaches against multiple cancers.

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology published new progress about Adipose tissue. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Safety of (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Bikman, Benjamin T. published the artcileA high-carbohydrate diet lowers the rate of adipose tissue mitochondrial respiration, Synthetic Route of 97-67-6, the main research area is adipose tissue mitochondrial respiration diet rate.

Adipocyte mitochondrial respiration may influence metabolic fuel partitioning into oxidation vs. storage, with implications for whole-body energy expenditure. Although insulin has been shown to influence mitochondrial respiration, the effects of dietary macronutrient composition have not been well characterized. The aim of this exploratory study was to test the hypothesis that a high-carbohydrate diet lowers the oxygen flux of adipocyte mitochondria ex vivo. Among participants in a randomized-controlled weight-loss maintenance feeding trial, those consuming a high-carbohydrate diet (60% carbohydrate as a proportion of total energy, n = 10) had lower rates of maximal adipose tissue mitochondrial respiration than those consuming a moderate-carbohydrate diet (40%, n = 8, p = 0.039) or a low-carbohydrate diet (20%, n = 9, p = 0.005) after 10 to 15 wk. This preliminary finding may provide a mechanism for postulated calorie-independent effects of dietary composition on energy expenditure and fat deposition, potentially through the actions of insulin on fuel partitioning.

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition published new progress about Adipose tissue. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Synthetic Route of 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts