Category: 97-67-6

Kucharska, Jarmila published the artcileTreatment with coenzyme Q10, ω-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids and their combination improved bioenergetics and levels of coenzyme Q9 and Q10 in skeletal muscle mitochondria in experimental model of arthritis, SDS of cas: 97-67-6, the main research area is COQ10 omega3PUFA antiarthritic agent mitochondrial bioenergetics adjuvant arthritis.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its animal model adjuvant arthritis (AA) are inflammatory diseases characterized by chronic inflammation, systemic oxidative stress and disturbed mitochondrial bioenergetics of skeletal muscle. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of coenzyme Q10 – CoQ10 (100 mg/kg b.w.), omega-3-polyunsaturated fatty acids – ω-3-PUFA (400 mg/kg b.w.) and their combined treatment in AA on impaired skeletal muscle mitochondrial bioenergetics, inflammation and changes in levels CoQ9 and CoQ10 in plasma. Markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein, monocytechemotactic protein-1), antioxidant capacity of plasma, respiratory chain parameters of skeletal muscle mitochondria and concentrations of CoQ9 and CoQ10 in plasma and in muscle tissue were estimated Treatment of the arthritic rats with CoQ10, ω-3-PUFA alone and in combination partially reduced markers of inflammation and increased antioxidant capacity of plasma, significantly increased concentrations of coenzyme Q in mitochondria and improved mitochondrial function in the skeletal muscle. Combined treatment has similar effect on the mitochondrial function as monotherapies; however, it has affected inflammation and antioxidant status more intensively than monotherapies. Long-term supplementary administration of coenzyme Q10 and ω-3-PUFA and especially their combination is able to restore the impaired mitochondrial bioenergetics and antioxidant status in AA.

Physiological Research (Prague, Czech Republic) published new progress about Adjuvant arthritis. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, SDS of cas: 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Kubisch, Christin published the artcileValorization of a Pyrolytic Aqueous Condensate and Its Main Components for L-Malic Acid Production with Aspergillus oryzae DSM 1863, Product Details of C4H6O5, the main research area is Aspergillus malic acid valorization pyrolytic aqueous condensate.

Pyrolytic aqueous condensate (PAC) might serve as a cost-effective substrate for microbial malic acid production, as it is an unused side stream of the fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass that contains acetol and acetate as potential carbon sources. In the present study, shake flask cultures were performed to evaluate the suitability of acetol and its combination with acetate as substrates for growth and L-malate production with the filamentous fungus Aspergillus oryzae. Acetol concentrations of up to 40 g/L were shown to be utilized for fungal growth. In combination with acetate, co-metabolization of both substrates for biomass and malate formation was observed, although the maximum tolerated acetol concentration decreased to 20 g/L. Furthermore, malate production on PAC detoxified by a combination of rotary evaporation, overliming and activated carbon treatment was studied. In shake flasks, cultivation using 100% PAC resulted in the production of 3.37 ± 0.61 g/L malate, which was considerably improved by pH adjustment up to 9.77 ± 0.55 g/L. A successful scale-up to 0.5-L bioreactors was conducted, achieving comparable yields and productivities to the shake flask cultures. Accordingly, fungal malate production using PAC was successfully demonstrated, paving the way for a bio-based production of the acid.

Fermentation published new progress about Aspergillus oryzae. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Product Details of C4H6O5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wanyan, Qianru published the artcileTuning Degradation and Mechanical Properties of Poly(l-lactic acid) with Biomass-Derived Poly(l-malic acid), Safety of (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is polymalic acid PLLA blend morphol mech thermal property.

Poly(l-malic acid) (PLMA) oligomer was used as the minor phase to prepare the blends with poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA), with the objective to develop fully biomass-derived and biodegradable aliphatic polyester blends with balanced overall performance. The phase behavior and viscoelastic responses reveals that the two phases are thermodynamically immiscible, showing high level of interfacial tension in their blends. Poor phase adhesion and lower mass weight of PLMA results in an evident decrease of mech. properties of the blends as compared to PLLA. The dilute effect caused by the addition of PLMA, however, promotes the cold crystallization of PLLA. Therefore, the strength and modulus losses of the blends can be remedied well by the annealing in solid state. Besides, the degradation rates can also be regulated by the presence of hydrophilic PLMA phase. In this case, a fully green PLLA/PLMA blend with balanced properties is fabricated. This work also provides useful information developing new applications of PLMA.

Journal of Polymers and the Environment published new progress about Adhesion, physical. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Safety of (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wu, Shuanggen published the artcileDeep Eutectic Supramolecular Polymers: Bulk Supramolecular Materials, Formula: C4H6O5, the main research area is deep eutectic supramol polymer bulk; deep eutectic solvents; materials science; polymers; self-assembly; supramolecular chemistry.

Application of new strategies for supramol. self-assembly can significantly impact the properties and/or functions of supramol. polymers. To realize a facial strategy for the development of solvent-free supramol. polymers in bulk, “”deep eutectic solvents”” were employed. Cyclodextrins and natural acids were used to prepare deep eutectic supramol. polymers (DESPs). Deep eutectic solvents have special characteristics that endow DESPs with unique macroscopic properties and excellent processability. DESPs exhibit supramol. adhesion and temperature-dependent behavior originating from the combined effects of deep eutectic solvents and supramol. polymerization Because DESPs are solvent-free and display interesting macroscopic properties, they have potential as new adaptive materials.

Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published new progress about Adhesion, physical. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Formula: C4H6O5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Huang, Yiwei published the artcilePrognostic effects of glycometabolism changes in lung adenocarcinoma: a prospective observational study, Quality Control of 97-67-6, the main research area is human lung adenocarcinoma glycometabolism prognostic effect; Lung adenocarcinoma; Warburg effect; clinicopathological characteristics; glycometabolism changes; prognosis.

Changes in glycometabolism of cancer cells provides cancer cells with growth advantages, which are also of great value in the prognosis prediction of the patients with lung adenocarcinoma. However, currently available studies are controversial. We successively collected 100 paired surgical specimens from patients with lung adenocarcinoma. The content of glycometabolic intermediates in tissues was tested by liquid chromatog.-mass spectrometry. Follow-up was conducted every 6 mo for patients enrolled in this study. There were significant differences in the contents of six intermediates, including glucose (P<0.0001), pyruvate (P = 0.0009), lactate (P<0.0001), citrate (P = 0.0001), α-ketoglutarate (P = 0.0002), and fumarate (P = 0.0096). For different TNM stages, the pyruvate content (P<0.001) and lactate content (P<0.001) in the II/III/IV stage cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in the stage I cancer tissues. The overall survival (OS) of patients with high levels of glucose (P = 0.0034), pyruvate (P<0.0001), lactate (P = 0.049), and citrate (P = 0.024) in cancer tissues was significantly worse than that of patients with low levels. N stage (P<0.001) and the contents of pyruvate (P = 0.033) were independent prognostic factors for the OS. The contents of glucose, pyruvate, lactate, and citrate in cancer tissues are higher than that in para-carcinoma tissues, and the long-term survival decrease in patients with higher glucose, pyruvate, lactate, and citrate. Translational Lung Cancer Research published new progress about Carbohydrate metabolism disorders Role: BIOL (Biological Study). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Quality Control of 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Eprintsev, Alexander T. published the artcileAconitate isomerase from maize leaves: Light-dependent expression and kinetic properties, SDS of cas: 97-67-6, the main research area is Zea leaf aconitate isomerase citrate malate; Aconitate isomerase; Citrate; Maize (Zea mays L.); Phytochrome; Trans-aconitate.

Aconitate isomerase (EC 5.3.3.7) interconverts cis- and trans-isomers of aconitic acid. Expression of the gene encoding this enzyme was studied in maize (Zea mays L.) leaves depending on light regime. Aconitate isomerase was induced by white and by red light indicating the involvement of phytochrome in the regulation of gene expression. The enzyme was partially purified from maize leaves. The value of Km was 0.75 mM with cis-aconitate and 0.92 mM with trans-aconitate, pH optimum was 8.0-8.2 with both substrates, citrate and malate suppressed its activity. It is concluded that aconitate isomerase actively participates in the interconversion of cis- and trans-aconitate in the light providing a possibility of using the pool of trans-aconitate for the regulation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle activity and mediating citrate/isocitrate supply for the biosynthetic and signaling purposes in photosynthetic cells.

Journal of Plant Physiology published new progress about cDNA Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, SDS of cas: 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Oliveira, Paulo Marcelo Rayner published the artcileExposure of Catasetum fimbriatum aerial roots to light coordinates carbon partitioning between source and sink organs in an auxin dependent manner, Formula: C4H6O5, the main research area is Catasetum aerial root carbon partitioning auxin organic acid light; Auxin; Carbon partitioning; Carbon sources; Catasetum; Light; Orchid; Roots.

Light energy is essential for carbon metabolism in plants, as well as controlling the transport of metabolites between the organs. While terrestrial plants have a distinct structural and functional separation between the light exposed aerial parts and the non-exposed roots, epiphytic plants, such as orchids, have shoots and roots simultaneously fully exposed to light. The roots of orchids differ mainly from non-orchidaceous plants in their ability to photosynthesize. Since the roots of Catasetum fimbriatum can synthesize auxin which is acropetally transported to the shoot region, we decided to investigate whether: (1) light treatment of C. fimbriatum roots raises the auxin levels in the plant; and (2) distinct auxin concentrations can change the source-sink relationships, altering the amounts of sugars and organic acids in leaves, pseudobulbs and roots. Among the organs studied, the roots accumulated the highest concentrations of indole-3-acetic-acid (IAA); and when roots were exposed to light, IAA accumulated in the leaves. However, when polar auxin transport (PAT) was blocked with N-(1-Naphthyl)phthalamic acid (NPA) treatment, a significant accumulation of sugars and organic acids occurred in the pseudobulbs and leaves, resp., suggesting that auxin flux from roots to shoots was involved in carbon partitioning of the aerial organs. Considering that C. fimbriatum plants lose all their leaves seasonally, it is possible the roots are a substituting influence on the growth and development of this orchid during its leafless period.

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (Issy-les-Moulineaux, France) published new progress about Auxins Role: DGN (Diagnostic Use), BIOL (Biological Study), USES (Uses). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Formula: C4H6O5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Rui published the artcileBiotransformation of green tea (Camellia sinensis) by wine yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Formula: C4H6O5, the main research area is Camellia Saccharomyces biotransformation volatile compound; antioxidant capacity; fermentation; flavor; polyphenols; sensory.

Wine yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae 71B was used in fermentation of green tea to modulate the volatiles and nonvolatiles. After fermentation, higher alcs., esters, and acids, such as isoamyl alc., isobutanol, Et octanoate, Et decanoate, octanoic, and decanoic acids were generated. Some key aroma compounds of tea including linalool, hotrienol, dihydroactinidiolide, and 2-phenylethanol increased significantly. Among these compounds, linalool and 2-phenylethanol increased by 1.3- and 10-fold, resp., which impart floral and fruity notes to fermented green tea. Alkaloids including caffeine, theobromine, and theophylline were reduced significantly after fermentation, while the most important free amino acid in tea, theanine, was not metabolized by S. cerevisiae. Tea catechins decreased whereas gallic and caffeic acids increased significantly, resulting in the unchanged antioxidant capacity of the fermented green tea. Hence, this work highlighted the potential of using S. cerevisiae to modulate green tea aroma and nonvolatiles. Practical Application : A novel fermented tea is produced by yeast fermentation Saccharomyces cerevisiae led to significant changes in tea volatiles and nonvolatiles. Antioxidant capacity remained stable after fermentation

Journal of Food Science published new progress about Acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Formula: C4H6O5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Okahashi, Nobuyuki published the artcileSugar phosphate analysis with baseline separation and soft ionization by gas chromatography-negative chemical ionization-mass spectrometry improves flux estimation of bidirectional reactions in cancer cells, HPLC of Formula: 97-67-6, the main research area is breast cancer sugar phosphate GC NCI MS; (13)C-metabolic flux analysis; GC-MS; Negative chemical ionization; Sugar phosphate; o-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl) oxime.

Precise measurement of sugar phosphates in glycolysis and the pentose phosphate (PP) pathway for 13C-metabolic flux anal. (13C-MFA) is needed to understand cancer-specific metabolism Although various anal. methods have been proposed, anal. of sugar phosphates is challenging because of the structural similarity of various isomers and low intracellular abundance. In this study, gas chromatog.-neg. chem. ionization-mass spectrometry (GC-NCI-MS) is applied to sugar phosphate anal. with o-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl) oxime (PFBO) and trimethylsilyl (TMS) derivatization. Optimization of the GC temperature gradient achieved baseline separation of sugar phosphates in 31 min. Mass spectra showed the predominant generation of fragment ions containing all carbon atoms in the sugar phosphate backbone. The limit of detection of pentose 5-phosphates and hexose 6-phosphates was 10 nM. The method was applied to 13C-labeling measurement of sugar phosphates for 13C-MFA of the MCF-7 human breast cancer cell line. 13C-labeling of sugar phosphates for 13C-MFA improved the estimation of the net flux and reversible flux of bidirectional reactions in glycolysis and the PP pathway.

Metabolic Engineering published new progress about Amino acids Role: ANT (Analyte), ANST (Analytical Study) (branched chain). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, HPLC of Formula: 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Aklima, Jannatul published the artcileDirect Analysis of Mitochondrial Damage Caused by Misfolded/Destabilized Proteins, Computed Properties of 97-67-6, the main research area is misfolded destabilized protein thermal instability mitochondrial damage cellular homeostasis; dengue envelope protein domain 3; membrane; misfolded protein; mitochondria; thermal instability.

Protein quality control is essential for cellular homeostasis. In this study, we examined the effect of improperly folded proteins that do not form amyloid fibrils on mitochondria, which play important roles in ATP production and cell death. First, we prepared domain 3 of the dengue envelope protein in wild type and four mutants with widely different biophys. properties in misfolded/aggregated or destabilized states. The effects of the different proteins were detected using fluorescence microscopy and Western blotting, which revealed that three of the five proteins disrupted both inner and outer membrane integrity, while the other two proteins, including the wild type, did not. Next, we examined the common characteristics of the proteins that displayed toxicity against mitochondria by measuring oligomer size, molten globule-like properties, and thermal stability. The common feature of all three toxic proteins was thermal instability. Therefore, our data strongly suggest that thermally unstable proteins generated in the cytosol can cause cellular damage by coming into direct contact with mitochondria. More importantly, we revealed that this damage is not amyloid-specific.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about Amyloid Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Computed Properties of 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts