Category: 621-37-4

On March 31, 2021, Bresciani, Letizia; Di Pede, Giuseppe; Favari, Claudia; Calani, Luca; Francinelli, Veronica; Riva, Antonella; Petrangolini, Giovanna; Allegrini, Pietro; Mena, Pedro; Del Rio, Daniele published an article.SDS of cas: 621-37-4 The title of the article was In vitro (poly)phenol catabolism of unformulated- and phytosome-formulated cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) extracts. And the article contained the following:

Cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon) represent an important source of anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols and flavonols. This study aimed at investigating in vitro the human microbial metabolism of (poly)phenols, principally flavan-3-ols, of unformulated- and phytosome-formulated cranberry extracts After powder characterization, a 24-h fermentation with human faecal slurries was performed, standardizing the concentration of incubated proanthocyanidins. Cranberry (poly)phenol metabolites were quantified by uHPLC-MS2 analyses. The native compounds of both unformulated- and phytosome-formulated cranberry extracts were metabolized under faecal microbiota activity, resulting in twenty-four microbial metabolites. Although some differences appeared when considering different classes of colonic metabolites, no significant differences in the total amount of metabolites were established after 24 h of incubation period. These results suggested that a different formulation had no effect on flavan-3-ol colonic metabolism of cranberry and both unformulated- and phytosome-formulated extract Both formulations displayed the capability to be a potential source of compounds which could lead to a wide array of gut microbiota metabolites in vitro. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).SDS of cas: 621-37-4

The Article related to vaccinium extract microbial polyphenol metabolism phytosome, cranberry, flavan-3-ols, in vitro fermentation, microbial metabolism, phytosome formulation, proanthocyanidins and other aspects.SDS of cas: 621-37-4

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Nannini, Giulia; Meoni, Gaia; Tenori, Leonardo; Ringressi, Maria Novella; Taddei, Antonio; Niccolai, Elena; Baldi, Simone; Russo, Edda; Luchinat, Claudio; Amedei, Amedeo published an article in 2021, the title of the article was Fecal metabolomic profiles: a comparative study of patients with colorectal cancer vs adenomatous polyps.Application In Synthesis of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid And the article contains the following content:

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC), the third most common cause of death in both males and females worldwide, shows a pos. response to therapy and usually a better prognosis when detected at an early stage. However, the survival rate declines when the diagnosis is late and the tumor spreads to other organs. Currently, the measures widely used in the clinic are fecal occult blood test and evaluation of serum tumor markers, but the lack of sensitivity and specificity of these markers restricts their use for CRC diagnosis. Due to its high sensitivity and precision, colonoscopy is currently the gold-standard screening technique for CRC, but it is a costly and invasive procedure. Therefore, the implementation of custom-made methodologies including those with minimal invasiveness, protection, and reproducibility is highly desirable. With regard to other screening methods, the screening of fecal samples has several benefits, and metabolomics is a successful method to classify the metabolite shift in living systems as a reaction to pathophysiol. influences, genetic modifications, and environmental factors. AIM To characterize the variation groups and potentially recognize some diagnostic markers, we compared with healthy controls (HCs) the fecal NMR (NMR) metabolomic profiles of patients with CRC or adenomatous polyposis (AP). METHODS Proton NMR spectroscopy was used in combination with multivariate and univariate statistical approaches, to define the fecal metabolic profiles of 32 CRC patients, 16 AP patients, and 38 HCs well matched in age, sex, and body mass index. RESULTS NMR metabolomic analyses revealed that fecal sample profiles differed among CRC patients, AP patients, and HCs, and some discriminatory metabolites including acetate, butyrate, propionate, 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, valine, tyrosine and leucine were identified. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we are confident that our data can be a forerunner for future studies on CRC management, especially the diagnosis and evaluation of the effectiveness of treatments. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Application In Synthesis of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

The Article related to metabolomics feces adenomatous polyps colorectal cancer, adenomatous polyps, colorectal cancer, fecal metabolomics, fecal samples, nuclear magnetic resonance metabolomics and other aspects.Application In Synthesis of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

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On January 31, 2020, Francisco, Carla S.; Javarini, Clara L.; Barcelos, Iatahanderson de S.; Morais, Pedro A. B.; de Paula, Heberth; Borges, Warley de S.; Cunha Neto, Alvaro; Lacerda, Valdemar published an article.SDS of cas: 621-37-4 The title of the article was Synthesis of Coumarin Derivatives as Versatile Scaffolds for GSK-3β Enzyme Inhibition. And the article contained the following:

Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) is involved in the phosphorylation and inactivation of glycogen synthase. GSK-3 inhibitors have been associated with a variety of diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), diabetes type II, neurol. disorders, and cancer. The inhibition of GSK-3β isoforms is likely to represent an effective strategy against AD. The present work aimed to design and synthesize coumarin derivatives to explore their potential as GSK-3β kinase inhibitors. The through different synthetic methods were used to prepare coumarin derivatives The GSK-3β activity was measured through the ADP-GloTM Kinase Assay, which quantifies the kinasedependent enzymic production of ADP from ATP, using a coupled-luminescence-based reaction. A docking study was performed by using the crystallog. structure of the staurosporine/GSK-3β complex [Protein Data Bank (PDB) code: 1Q3D]. The eleven coumarin derivatives were obtained and evaluated as potential GSK-3β inhibitors. Addnl., in silico studies were performed. The results revealed that the compounds 5c, 5d, and 6b inhibited GSK-3β enzymic activity by 38.97-49.62% at 1 mM. The other coumarin derivatives were tested at 1 mM, 1μM, and 1 nM concentrations and were shown to be inhibitor candidates, with significant IC50 (1.224-6.875μM) values, except for compound 7c (IC50 = 10.809μM). Docking simulations showed polar interactions between compound 5b and Lys85 and Ser203, clarifying the mechanism of the most potent activity. The coumarin derivatives 3a and 5b, developed in this study, showed remarkable activity as GSK-3β inhibitors. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).SDS of cas: 621-37-4

The Article related to methoxyphenylcoumarin gsk3beta inhibitor alzheimer disease antialzheimer agent, biological activity, coumarin, coumarin derivatives, enzymatic inhibition, gsk-3β, molecular docking. and other aspects.SDS of cas: 621-37-4

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Beale, David J.; Nguyen, Thao V.; Shah, Rohan M.; Bissett, Andrew; Nahar, Akhikun; Smith, Matthew; Gonzalez-Astudillo, Viviana; Braun, Christoph; Baddiley, Brenda; Vardy, Suzanne published an article in 2022, the title of the article was Host-Gut Microbiome Metabolic Interactions in PFAS-Impacted Freshwater Turtles (Emydura macquarii macquarii).Safety of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid And the article contains the following content:

Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a growing concern for humans, wildlife, and more broadly, ecosystem health. Previously, we characterised the microbial and biochem. impact of elevated PFAS on the gut microbiome of freshwater turtles (Emydura macquarii macquarii) within a contaminated catchment in Queensland, Australia. However, the understanding of PFAS impacts on this species and other aquatic organisms is still very limited, especially at the host-gut microbiome mol. interaction level. To this end, the present study aimed to apply these leading-edge omics technologies within an integrated framework that provides biol. insight into the host turtle-turtle gut microbiome interactions of PFAS-impacted wild-caught freshwater turtles. For this purpose, faecal samples from PFAS-impacted turtles (n = 5) and suitable PFAS-free reference turtles (n = 5) were collected and analyzed. Data from 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and metabolomic profiling of the turtle faeces were integrated using MetOrigin to assign host, microbiome, and co-metabolism activities. Significant variation in microbial composition was observed between the two turtle groups. The PFAS-impacted turtles showed a higher relative abundance of Firmicutes and a lower relative abundance of Bacteroidota than the reference turtles. The faecal metabolome showed several metabolites and pathways significantly affected by PFAS exposure. Turtles exposed to PFAS displayed altered amino acid and butanoate metabolisms, as well as altered purine and pyrimidine metabolism It is predicted from this study that PFAS-impacted both the metabolism of the host turtle and its gut microbiota which in turn has the potential to influence the host′s physiol. and health. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Safety of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

The Article related to emydura macquarii perpolyfluoroalkyl substance gut microbiome metabolic interaction, emydura macquarii, pfas, freshwater turtles, metabolomics, microbiome, omics, water pollutants and other aspects.Safety of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

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Schjoedt, Mette S.; Gurdeniz, Gozde; Chawes, Bo published an article in 2020, the title of the article was The metabolomics of childhood atopic diseases: a comprehensive pathway-specific review.Synthetic Route of 621-37-4 And the article contains the following content:

A review. Asthma, allergic rhinitis, food allergy, and atopic dermatitis are common childhood diseases with several different underlying mechanisms, i.e., endotypes of disease. Metabolomics has the potential to identify disease endotypes, which could beneficially promote personalized prevention and treatment. Here, we summarize the findings from metabolomics studies of children with atopic diseases focusing on tyrosine and tryptophan metabolism, lipids (particularly, sphingolipids), polyunsaturated fatty acids, microbially derived metabolites (particularly, short-chain fatty acids), and bile acids. We included 25 studies: 23 examined asthma or wheezing, five examined allergy endpoints, and two focused on atopic dermatitis. Of the 25 studies, 20 reported findings in the pathways of interest with findings for asthma in all pathways and for allergy and atopic dermatitis in most pathways except tyrosine metabolism and short-chain fatty acids, resp. Particularly, tyrosine, 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid, N-acetyltyrosine, tryptophan, indolelactic acid, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, p-Cresol sulfate, taurocholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, glycohyocholic acid, glycocholic acid, and docosapentaenoate n-6 were identified in at least two studies. This pathway-specific review provides a comprehensive overview of the existing evidence from metabolomics studies of childhood atopic diseases. The altered metabolic pathways uncover some of the underlying biochem. mechanisms leading to these common childhood disorders, which may become of potential value in clin. practice. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Synthetic Route of 621-37-4

The Article related to review childhood atopic disease metabolomics, asthma, atopy, bile acids, children, lipids, metabolomics, polyunsaturated fatty acids, short-chain fatty acids, tryptophan, tyrosine and other aspects.Synthetic Route of 621-37-4

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On January 31, 2022, Miao, Hua; Wu, Xia-Qing; Wang, Yan-Ni; Chen, Dan-Qian; Chen, Lin; Vaziri, Nosratola D.; Zhuang, Shougang; Guo, Yan; Su, Wei; Ma, Shi-Xing; Zhang, Huan-Qiao; Shang, You-Quan; Yu, Xiao-Yong; Zhao, Yan-Long; Mao, Jia-Rong; Gao, Ming; Zhang, Jin-Hua; Zhao, Jin; Zhang, Yuan; Zhang, Li; Zhao, Ying-Yong; Cao, Gang published an article.Name: 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid The title of the article was 1-Hydroxypyrene mediates renal fibrosis through aryl hydrocarbon receptor signalling pathway. And the article contained the following:

In chronic kidney disease (CKD), patients inevitably reach end-stage renal disease and require renal transplant. Evidence suggests that CKD is associated with metabolite disorders. However, the mol. pathways targeted by metabolites remain enigmatic. Here, we describe roles of 1-hydroxypyrene in mediating renal fibrosis. We analyzed 5406 urine and serum samples from patients with Stage 1-5 CKD using metabolomics, and 1-hydroxypyrene was identified and validated using longitudinal and drug intervention cohorts as well as 5/6 nephrectomized and adenine-induced rats. We identified correlations between the urine and serum levels of 1-hydroxypyrene and the estimated GFR in patients with CKD onset and progression. Moreover, increased 1-hydroxypyrene levels in serum and kidney tissues correlated with decreased renal function in two rat models. Up-regulated mRNA expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor and its target genes, including CYP1A1, CYP1A2 and CYP1B1, were observed in patients and rats with progressive CKD. Further we showed up-regulated mRNA expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor and its three target genes, plus up-regulated nuclear aryl hydrocarbon receptor protein levels in mice and HK-2 cells treated with 1-hydroxypyrene, which caused accumulation of extracellular matrix components. Treatment with aryl hydrocarbon receptor short hairpin RNA or flavonoids inhibited mRNA expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor and its target genes in 1-hydroxypyrene-induced HK-2 cells and mice. Metabolite 1-hydroxypyrene was demonstrated to mediate renal fibrosis through activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor signalling pathway. Targeting aryl hydrocarbon receptor may be an alternative therapeutic strategy for CKD progression. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Name: 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

The Article related to renal fibrosis 1 hydroxypyrene aryl hydrocarbon receptor, 1-hydroxypyrene, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, chronic kidney disease, flavonoid, glomerular filtration rate, metabolomics and other aspects.Name: 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

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On May 31, 2021, Sayago-Ayerdi, S. G.; Venema, K.; Tabernero, M.; Sarria, B.; Bravo, L.; Mateos, R. published an article.Recommanded Product: 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid The title of the article was Bioconversion of polyphenols and organic acids by gut microbiota of predigested Hibiscus sabdariffa L. calyces and Agave (A. tequilana Weber) fructans assessed in a dynamic in vitro model (TIM-2) of the human colon. And the article contained the following:

The present work aimed at understanding gut microbiota bioconversion of phenolic compounds (PC) and organic acids in predigested Hibiscus sabdariffa (Hb) calyces and the mixture of Hb and Agave (Agave tequilana Weber) fructans (AF). With this purpose, dried Hb and Hb/AF were predigested with enzymic treatment, and then fermented in a dynamic in vitro model of the human colon (TIM-2). After HPLC-ESI-QToF-MS anal. of samples taken at 0, 24, 48 and 72 h of fermentation, it was observed that hydroxycinnamic acids, flavanols, flavonols, and anthocyanins were mainly transformed into derivatives of hydroxyphenylpropionic, hydroxyphenylacetic and hydroxybenzoic acids. Moreover, organic acids, such as hydroxycitric and hibiscus acids, were formed along with unidentified lactones and reduced compounds Interestingly, no differences were observed between microbial-derived metabolites formed after the fermentation of Hb and Hb/AF. In conclusion, colonic fermentation of polyphenol-rich Hb yields a wide range of microbial phenolic metabolites with potential effects on health. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Recommanded Product: 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

The Article related to hibiscus agave human colon metabolites fermentation fecal microbiota tim2, agave tequilana fructans, bioconversion, colonic fermentation, hplc-esi-qtof-ms, hibiscus sabdariffa, tim-2 and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

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Sillner, Nina; Walker, Alesia; Lucio, Marianna; Maier, Tanja V.; Bazanella, Monika; Rychlik, Michael; Haller, Dirk; Schmitt-Kopplin, Philippe published an article in 2021, the title of the article was Longitudinal profiles of dietary and microbial metabolites in formula- and breastfed infants.Quality Control of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid And the article contains the following content:

The early-life metabolome of the intestinal tract is dynamically influenced by colonization of gut microbiota which in turn is affected by nutrition, i.e. breast milk or formula. A detailed examination of fecal metabolites was performed to investigate the effect of probiotics in formula compared to control formula and breast milk within the first months of life in healthy neonates. A broad metabolomics approach was conceptualized to describe fecal polar and semi-polar metabolites affected by feeding type within the first year of life. Fecal metabolomes were clearly distinct between formula- and breastfed infants, mainly originating from diet and microbial metabolism Unsaturated fatty acids and human milk oligosaccharides were increased in breastfed, whereas Maillard products were found in feces of formula-fed children. Altered microbial metabolism was represented by bile acids and aromatic amino acid metabolites. Elevated levels of sulfated bile acids were detected in stool samples of breastfed infants, whereas secondary bile acids were increased in formula-fed infants. Microbial co-metabolism was supported by significant correlation between chenodeoxycholic or lithocholic acid and members of Clostridia. Fecal metabolites showed strong inter- and intra-individual behavior with features uniquely present in certain infants and at specific time points. Nevertheless, metabolite profiles converged at the end of the first year, coinciding with solid food introduction. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Quality Control of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

The Article related to gene expression dietary oligosaccharide microbial metabolite formula breastfed infant, bifidobacteria, breastfed, feces, formula-fed, infant, infant formula, metabolomics, probiotics and other aspects.Quality Control of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

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On July 15, 2020, Yuan, Bo; Zhao, Danyue; Kshatriya, Dushyant; Bello, Nicholas T.; Simon, James E.; Wu, Qingli published an article.Name: 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid The title of the article was UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS method development and validation with statistical analysis: Determination of raspberry ketone metabolites in mice plasma and brain. And the article contained the following:

Raspberry ketone (RK) (4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone) is the major compound responsible for the characteristic aroma of red raspberries, and has long been used com. as a flavoring agent and recently as a weight loss supplement. A targeted UHPLC-QqQ-MS/MS method was developed and validated for anal. of RK and 25 associated metabolites in mouse plasma and brain. Dispersion and projection anal. and central composite design were used for method optimization. Random effect anal. of variance was applied for validation inference and variation partition. Within this framework, repeatability, a broader sense of precision, was calculated as fraction of accuracy variance, reflecting instrumental imprecision, compound degradation and carry-over effects. Multivariate correlation anal. and principle component anal. were conducted, revealing underlying association among the manifold of method traits. R programming was engaged in streamlined statistical anal. and data visualization. Two particular phenomena, the analytes’ background existence in the enzyme solution used for phase II metabolites deconjugation, and the noted lability of analytes in pure solvent at 4° vs. elevated stability in biomatrices, were found critical to method development and validation. The approach for the method development and validation provided a foundation for experiments that examine RK metabolism and bioavailability. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Name: 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

The Article related to uhplc mass spectrometry statistical analysis raspberry ketone metabolite, design of experiment, metabolomics, multivariate analysis, random effects anova, surface response modelling and other aspects.Name: 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

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On December 25, 2021, Luo, Xue; Huang, Xueyan; Luo, Zhen; Wang, Zeze; He, Genlin; Tan, Yulong; Zhang, Boyi; Zhou, Huan; Li, Ping; Shen, Tingting; Yu, Xueting; Yang, Xuesen published an article.Quality Control of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid The title of the article was Electromagnetic field exposure-induced depression features could be alleviated by heat acclimation based on remodeling the gut microbiota. And the article contained the following:

Electromagnetic pollution cannot be ignored. Long-term low-dose electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure can cause central nervous system dysfunction without effective prevention. Male C57BL/6J mice (6-8 wk, 17-20 g) were used in this study. Depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors detected by behavioral experiments were compared among different treatments. 16S rRNA gene sequencing and non-targeted liquid chromatog.-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomics were used to explore the relationship between EMF exposure and heat acclimation (HA) effects on gut microbes and serum metabolites. Both EMF and HA regulated the proportions of p_Firmicutes and p_Bacteroidota. EMF exposure caused the proportions of 6 kinds of bacteria, such as g_Butyricicoccus and g_Anaerotruncus, to change significantly (p < 0.05). HA restored the balance of gut microbes that was affected by EMF exposure and the proportion of probiotics (g_Lactobacillus) increased significantly (p < 0.01). Serum metabolite anal. suggested that HA alleviated the disturbance of serum metabolites (such as cholesterol and -mannose) induced by EMF exposure. Both the metabolic KEGG pathways and PICRUSt functional anal. demonstrated that tryptophan metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism and amino acid biosynthesis were involved. EMF exposure not only led to depression-like neurobehavioral disorders, but also to gut microbiota imbalance. HA alleviated the depression features caused by EMF exposure. Based on the anal. of gut microbiota associated with serum metabolites, we speculated that gut microbiota might play a vital role in the cross-tolerance provided by HA. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Quality Control of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

The Article related to lactobacillus firmicutes depression electromagnetic field gut microbiota, cross-tolerance, depression, electromagnetic field, gut microbiota, heat acclimation, metabolomics analysis and other aspects.Quality Control of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

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