Category: 621-37-4

On February 28, 2022, Escobar-Martinez, Ivan; Arreaza-Gil, Veronica; Muguerza, Begona; Arola-Arnal, Anna; Bravo, Francisca Isabel; Torres-Fuentes, Cristina; Suarez, Manuel published an article.Synthetic Route of 621-37-4 The title of the article was Administration Time Significantly Affects Plasma Bioavailability of Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins Extract in Healthy and Obese Fischer 344 Rats. And the article contained the following:

Phenolic compounds are bioactive mols. that are associated with several health benefits. Metabolization and absorption are the main determinants of their bioavailability and bioactivity. Thus, the study of the factors that modulate these processes, such as sex or diet is essential. Recently, it has been shown that biol. rhythms may also play a key role. Hence, the aim of this study is to evaluate if the bioavailability of a grape proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) is affected by the administration time in an animal model of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods and Results : Female and male Fischer 344 rats are fed either a standard or a cafeteria diet (CAF) for 9 wk, and an oral dose of GSPE (25 mg kg-1) is daily administered either at 8:00 am (zeitgeber time (ZT)-0) or at 8:00 pm (ZT-12) during the last 4 wk. Plasma phenolic compounds are then quantified by liquid chromatog./electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS/MS). Phase-II and gut microbiota-derived phenolic metabolites are affected by ZT in all conditions or only in obese rats, resp. CAF feeding affected the bioavailability of phenolic acids and free flavan-3-ols. Differences due to sex are also observed These findings demonstrate that ZT, diet, and sex are key factors influencing phenolic compounds bioavailability. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Synthetic Route of 621-37-4

The Article related to administration plasma bioavailability grape seed proanthocyanidin extract obese, gspe, bioavailability, circadian rhythms, metabolic syndrome, phenolic compounds, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Synthetic Route of 621-37-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On March 1, 2021, Martinez-Hernandez, Gabriela Belen; Jimenez-Ferrer, Enrique; Roman-Ramos, Ruben; Zamilpa, Alejandro; Gonzalez-Cortazar, Manases; Leon-Rivera, Ismael; Vargas-Villa, Gabriela; Herrera-Ruiz, Maribel published an article.SDS of cas: 621-37-4 The title of the article was A mixture of quercetin 4′-O-rhamnoside and isoquercitrin from Tilia americana var. mexicana and its biotransformation products with antidepressant activity in mice. And the article contained the following:

The present study aims to focus on the evaluation of the antidepressant effect of the mixture of two flavonoids (FMix), and its interaction with serotonergic drugs. One of the fractions contained FMix wich is constituted of the mixture of quercetin 4′-O-rhamnoside y isoquercitrin. The mice were divided into the several following groups: FMix; FMix (1.0 mg/kg) and agonist DOI (2.0 mg/kg); FMix (1.0 mg/kg) and antagonist ketanserin (KET, 0.03 mg/kg) of 5-HT2A receptors; FMix (1.0 mg/kg) and selective agonist 8-OH-DPAT (8-OH, 0.01 mg/kg); FMix (1.0 mg/kg) and antagonist WAY100635 (WAY, 0.5 mg/kg) of 5HT1 receptors; PHL; DOPAC; p-HPAA; and m-HPAA were tested in FST or OFT. FMix induced dependent-dose antidepressant activity and, at the highest dose administered, a sedative effect was also observed The 8-OH-DPAT, or the DOI, or the KET combination with FMix (1.0 mg/kg) induced a higher antidepressant effect than compounds alone; there was no effect exerted with WAY. The activity on OFT increased only with the FMix and KET combination. At the same time, the products of the aglycon metabolism of quercetin, i.e., DOPAC and p-HPAA, decreased the immobility time of the mice in FST at 1.0 mg/kg, and a dose-curve was formed for these. The antidepressant effect of FMix could depend, at least in part, on the degradation products of quercetin and with a possible action mode through interaction with the serotoninergic system. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).SDS of cas: 621-37-4

The Article related to tilia biotransformation antidepressant isoquercitrin, 5-ht, dopac, depression, isoquercitrin, phloroglucinol, quercetin 4′-o-rhamnoside, tilia americana, p-hpaa, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.SDS of cas: 621-37-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zizmare, Laimdota; Boyle, Christina N.; Buss, Sabrina; Louis, Sandrine; Kuebler, Laura; Mulay, Ketki; Krueger, Ralf; Steinhauer, Lara; Mack, Isabelle; Rodriguez Gomez, Manuel; Herfert, Kristina; Ritze, Yvonne; Trautwein, Christoph published an article in 2022, the title of the article was Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass (RYGB) Surgery during High Liquid Sucrose Diet Leads to Gut Microbiota-Related Systematic Alterations.Formula: C8H8O3 And the article contains the following content:

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery has been proven successful in weight loss and improvement of co-morbidities associated with obesity. Chronic complications such as malabsorption of micronutrients in up to 50% of patients underline the need for addnl. therapeutic approaches. We investigated systemic RYGB surgery effects in a liquid sucrose diet-induced rat obesity model. After consuming a diet supplemented with high liquid sucrose for eight weeks, rats underwent RYGB or control sham surgery. RYGB, sham pair-fed, and sham ad libitum-fed groups further continued on the diet after recovery. Notable alterations were revealed in microbiota composition, inflammatory markers, feces, liver, and plasma metabolites, as well as in brain neuronal activity post-surgery. Higher fecal 4-aminobutyrate (GABA) correlated with higher Bacteroidota and Enterococcus abundances in RYGB animals, pointing towards the altered enteric nervous system (ENS) and gut signaling. Favorable C-reactive protein (CRP), serine, glycine, and 3-hydroxybutyrate plasma profiles in RYGB rats were suggestive of reverted obesity risk. The impact of liquid sucrose diet and caloric restriction mainly manifested in fatty acid changes in the liver. Our multi-modal approach reveals complex systemic changes after RYGB surgery and points towards potential therapeutic targets in the gut-brain system to mimic the surgery mode of action. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Formula: C8H8O3

The Article related to obesity rygb surgery gut microbiota crp serine glycine hydroxybutyrate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, gaba, rygb, gut-brain axis, inflammation, metabolomics, microbiome, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Formula: C8H8O3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On July 31, 2022, Zong, Shuai; Ye, Hongling; Ye, Ziyang; He, Yaling; Zhang, Xinmiao; Ye, Ming published an article.SDS of cas: 621-37-4 The title of the article was Polysaccharides from Lachnum sp. Inhibited colitis-associated colon tumorigenesis in mice by modulating fecal microbiota and metabolites. And the article contained the following:

It is still uncertain whether the consumption of Lachnum sp. polysaccharides (LEP) alleviates colorectal cancer (CRC) through the gut microbiota. In this study, our efforts are focused on the influence of LEP on CRC, intestinal barrier and inflammation, and fecal microbiota and the metabolites, in azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced CRC mice. Results showed that LEP inhibited CRC mouse colon shortening and weight loss, decreased tumor incidence, restored intestinal barrier integrity, and reduced excessive inflammation. LEP consumption significantly altered microbiota overall structure and community, with reduced pernicious bacteria (such as Parabacteroides, Escherichia_Shigella, Desulfovibrio and Helicobacter), and increased beneficial bacterium (such as Alistipes, Alloprevotella and Ruminiclostridium). Fecal-metabolome profile indicated that a total of 43 metabolites were clearly changed, with 10 down-regulated and 33 up-regulated metabolites. In addition, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), including acetic acid, propionic acid and n-butyric acid, were significantly increased after LEP administration. Moreover, a strong correlation between the fluctuant gut microbiota and metabolites was found. These findings provided not only deeper insights into the responsibility of LEP for CRC alleviation, and but also the potential of LEP as a promising candidate for CRC prevention and treatment. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).SDS of cas: 621-37-4

The Article related to lachnum polysaccharide mice colitis colon tumorigenesis fecal microbiota metabolite, aom/dss, colorectal cancer, gut microbiota, lachnum sp. polysaccharides, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.SDS of cas: 621-37-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Yang, Hao; Wang, Zhenfei; Shi, Shujun; Yu, Qin; Liu, Meiling; Zhang, Zhelin published an article in 2022, the title of the article was Identification of cerebrospinal fluid metabolites as biomarkers for neurobrucellosis by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry approach.Formula: C8H8O3 And the article contains the following content:

Neurobrucellosis is the most morbid form in brucellosis disease. Metabolomics is an emerging method which intends to explore the global alterations of various metabolites in samples. We aimed to identify metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) as biomarkers that were potentially unique for neurobrucellosis. CSF samples from 25 neurobrucellosis patients and 25 normal controls (uninfected patients with hydrocephalus) were collected for metabolite detection using liquid chromatog.-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) approach. Inflammatory cytokines in CSF were measured with ELISA (ELISA). The base peak chromatogram in CSF samples showed that small-mol. metabolites were well separated Principal Component Anal. (PCA) anal. exhibited the examined samples were arranged in two main clusters in accordance with their group. Projection to Latent Structures Discriminant Anal. (PLS-DA) revealed there was a noticeable separation between neurobrucellosis and normal groups. Orthogonal Partial Least-Squares-Discriminant Anal. (OPLS-DA) could responsibly illuminate the differences between neurobrucellosis and normal controls. Neurobrucellosis showed a total of 155 differentiated metabolites. Prominent potential biomarkers including 30 metabolites were then selected out, regarded as more capable of distinguishing neurobrucellosis. TNF-α and IL-6 in CSF were remarkably increased in neurobrucellosis. We presented the heatmaps and correlation analyses among the identified 30 potential biomarkers. In conclusion, this study showed that CSF metabolomics based on LC-MS could distinguish neurobrucellosis patients from normal controls. Our data offered perspectives for diagnosis and treatment for neurobrucellosis. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Formula: C8H8O3

The Article related to neurobrucellosis cerebrospinal fluid metabolite biomarker lcms, neurobrucellosis, cerebrospinal fluid, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, metabolomics, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Formula: C8H8O3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On December 31, 2021, Bagheri, Minoo; Shah, Rachana D.; Mosley, Jonathan D.; Ferguson, Jane F. published an article.Computed Properties of 621-37-4 The title of the article was A metabolome and microbiome wide association study of healthy eating index points to the mechanisms linking dietary pattern and metabolic status. And the article contained the following:

Healthy eating index (HEI), a measure of diet quality, associates with metabolic health outcomes; however, the mol. basis is unclear. We conducted a multi-omic study to examine whether HEI associates with the circulatory and gut metabolome and investigated the gut microbiome-HEI interaction on circulating and gut metabolites. Through a cross-sectional study, we evaluated diet quality in healthy individuals [the ABO Glycoproteomics in Platelets and Endothelial Cells (ABO) Study, n = 73], metabolites (measured at Metabolon Inc.) in plasma (n = 800) and gut (n = 767) and the gut microbiome at enterotype and microbial taxa (n = 296) levels. Pathway anal. was conducted using Metaboanalyst 4.0. We performed multi-variable linear regression to explore both the HEI-metabolites and HEI-microbiome associations and how metabolites were affected by the HEI-microbiome interaction. In the Fish oils and Adipose Inflammation Reduction (FAIR) Study (n = 25), analyses on HEI and plasma metabolites were replicated. Estimates of findings from both studies were pooled in random-effects meta-anal. The HEI-2015 was associated with 74 plasma and 73 gut metabolites (mostly lipids) and with 47 metabolites in the meta-anal. of the ABO and FAIR Studies. Compared to Enterotype-1 participants, those with Enterotype-2 had higher diet quality (p = 0.01). We also identified 9 microbial genera associated with HEI, and 35 plasma and 40 gut metabolites linked to the HEI-gut microbiome interaction. Pathways involved in the metabolism of polar lipids, amino acids and caffeine strongly associated with diet quality. However, the HEI-microbiome interaction not only influenced the pathways involved in the metabolism of branch-chain amino acids, it also affected upstream pathways including nucleotide metabolism and amino acids biosynthesis. Our multi-omic anal. demonstrated that changes in metabolism, measured by either circulatory/gut metabolites or metabolic pathways, are influenced by not only diet quality but also gut microbiome alterations shaped by the quality of diet consumed. Future work is needed to explore the causality in the interplay between HEI and gut-microbiome composition in metabolism The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Computed Properties of 621-37-4

The Article related to metabolome microbiome healthy eating index dietary pattern, diet quality, healthy eating index, metabolic pathway, metabolome, microbiome, multi-omic study, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Computed Properties of 621-37-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhou, Yumei; Zhao, Haihong; Wang, Tieshan; Zhao, Xiaoshan; Wang, Ji; Wang, Qi published an article in 2022, the title of the article was Anti-inflammatory and anti-asthmatic effects of TMDCT decoction in eosinophilic asthma through Treg/ Th17 balance.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks And the article contains the following content:

Tuo-Min-Ding-Chuan decoction (TMDCT) is a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formula consisting of twelve herbs that can relieve the symptoms and treat allergic asthma. Yet, the underlying mechanism of action is still unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of TMDCT in regulating Treg/Th17 cells immune balance and explored potential metabolic and gut biomarkers associated with Treg and Th17 cells in eosinophilic asthma mice treated by TMDCT. We found that TMDCT increases Treg cells percentage and decreases Th17 cells percentage in the ovalbumin (OVA) -induced eosinophilic asthma mice model. Furthermore, Imidazoleacetic acid, DL-glutamine, L-pyroglutamic acid, 2-deoxy-D-glucose were preliminary identified as biomarkers in plasma metabolites treated by TMDCT, meanwhile genus Desulfovibrio, genus Butyricimonas and genus Prevotella 9 were preliminary identified as gut microbiota biomarkers after TMDCT treatment. These results provide an exptl. foundation for the treatment of allergic asthma with Chinese herbal compounds The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

The Article related to tmdct decoction antiinflammatory treg th17 allergic asthma, treg/th17, tuo-min-ding-chuan decoction, anti-asthmatic, anti-inflammatory, eosinophilic asthma, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On January 31, 2020, Rigane, Ghayth; Ben Salem, Ridha published an article.Formula: C8H8O3 The title of the article was Microwave-assisted extraction of hydroxytyrosol from alperujo and its impact on the stability of mayonnaise. And the article contained the following:

Extraction is one of the crucial steps for research and development of plant secondary metabolites. Microwave power and extraction time were selected as extraction parameters of hydroxytyrosol from alperujo. To achieve this goal, the optimization of phys. parameters was carried out by analyzing the obtained extracts using GC-MS apparatus Optimum conditions of microwave-assisted extraction based on maximum levels of responses were medium microwave power with 15 min of alperujo treatment. Maximum levels of hydroxytyrosol were obtained under these conditions (~1.9 g of hydroxytyrosol/kg of alperujo). Furthermore, we have studied the stability of mayonnaise after addition of hydroxytyrosol extract ranging between 65 and195μg by following the changes on free acidity, peroxide value, conjugated dienes as well as content of polyphenols and squalene. This study was conducted for 4 wk and the mayonnaise samples were stored protected from light at room temperature These results showed that 195μg of hydroxytyrosol rich extract may be of great benefit to improve the stability of the mayonnaise against oxidation The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Formula: C8H8O3

The Article related to hydroxytyrosol alperujo mayonnaise microwave assisted extraction, Pharmaceuticals: Formulation and Compounding and other aspects.Formula: C8H8O3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On October 31, 2022, Liu, Siyao; Fang, Zhongxiang; Ng, Ken published an article.HPLC of Formula: 621-37-4 The title of the article was Incorporating inulin and chitosan in alginate-based microspheres for targeted delivery and release of quercetin to colon. And the article contained the following:

Colon targeted delivery of quercetin by encapsulation has the potential to manage colonic diseases due to quercetin’s pharmacol. effects. To strengthen the functionalities of commonly used alginate microspheres for quercetin encapsulation, inulin was added as filling material and chitosan as coating material. Empty/quercetin-loaded alginate (AL-E/Q), alginate + inulin (ALIN-E/Q), alginate + inulin + chitosan (ALINCH-E/Q) microspheres were fabricated, with particle sizes ranging from 25.1 ± 1.8 to 79.4 ± 4.5μm. All the formulated microspheres were neg. charged, and zeta potential was dependent mainly on chitosan coating and the pH of surrounding media. FTIR spectra of the microspheres suggested successful encapsulation of quercetin, formation of chitosan coating and potential hydrogen bonding between inulin and alginate. Scanning electron micrographs showed that inulin filling enhanced gel strength by filling up the pores in the alginate polymer network, and that loading of quercetin also helped to fill up the pores compared to empty microspheres. Combination of inulin as filling material and chitosan as coating material in quercetin loaded ALINCH-Q achieved superior performance compared to other formulations with encapsulation efficiency of 53.2 ± 1.2%, and retention rate of the loaded quercetin up to 80.3 ± 4.4% through in vitro gastrointestinal digestion, thus was chosen for colonic fermentation Subjecting ALINCH-Q to colonic fermentation using pig fecal material as microbiota source showed that quercetin release was delayed but occurred within 3 h of fermentation and was completely metabolized by the microbiota by 24 h. Thus, ALINCH-Q microsphere showed potential in targeted delivery and release of quercetin to the colon. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).HPLC of Formula: 621-37-4

The Article related to inulin chitosan alginate quercetin microsphere drug delivery sustained release, colonic disease, encapsulation, gut microbiota, in vitro digestion, inulin, quercetin, Pharmaceuticals: Formulation and Compounding and other aspects.HPLC of Formula: 621-37-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

On March 31, 2022, Ji, Jiacheng; Zhang, Shuo; Tang, Li; Zhang, Min; Yuan, Minyan; Wang, Pengjiao; Gao, Xiuli published an article.Quality Control of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid The title of the article was Integrative analysis of fecal metabolome and gut microbiota in high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats treated with Rosa Roxburghii Tratt juice. And the article contained the following:

The fruit of Rosa Roxburghii Tratt (RRT) is edible and has been considered as a medicinal fruit with a lipid-lowering effect, but the mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we integrated the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence and fecal metabolome to explore the potential mechanisms of RRTJ treatment in hyperlipidemia. The result suggests the useful effects of RRT juice (RRTJ) in hyperlipidemic rats. The 12 wk of RRT juice (RRTJ) treatment decreased serum lipids, fat accumulation, body weight and liver weight RRTJ treatment reversed the HFD-induced gut dysbiosis by lowering Dorea, Coprobacillus abundance and enriching Bifidobacterium, Roseburia abundance. Also, we conducted a targeted metabolic profile anal. of 160 metabolites in feces and 19 feces metabolites have significant changes. Correlation analyzes suggest that the reductions in serum lipids by RRTJ are associated with the gut microbial community (Dorea, Coprobacillus and Roseburia, Bifidobacterium) and their associated metabolites (palmitoleic acid, succinic acid, propionic acid, Glyceric acid). In conclusion, the 12 wk of treatment with RRT juice (RRTJ) can regulate dyslipidemia by improving intestinal microbiota disorders and related metabolites disorders. The experimental process involved the reaction of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid(cas: 621-37-4).Quality Control of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

The Article related to fecal metabolome gut microbiota high fat diet hyperlipidemic rat, rosa roxburghii tratt juice, Animal Nutrition: Carbohydrates, Fiber, and Energy and other aspects.Quality Control of 3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts