Author: tianli

Bataglia da Silva, Lidiane published the artcileChewy candy as a model system to study the influence of polyols and fruit pulp (acai) on texture and sensorial properties, HPLC of Formula: 64519-82-0, the main research area is chewy candy polyol Euterpe pulp texture sensory property.

The growing demand for sugar-free confectionery products with fruit added motivated the study of a dietary model system (chewy candy) to be the basis for the incorporation of a tropical Brazilian fruit (acai – Euterpe oleracea Mart.) with outstanding sensorial properties. The effect of the polyols maltitol, isomalt, xylitol and erythritol was evaluated on the water activity and instrumental texture of the dietary model systems through a simplex lattice mixture design. The trial with the best performance was chosen to incorporate a spray-dried acai powder and was compared to a reference acai chewy candy containing sucrose by sensory anal. The sucrose replacement by isomalt and erythritol resulted in a soft texture (hardness of 4.08 N), proper water activity (0.43) and stable dietary system concerning the maintenance of shape. The addition of spray-dried acai powder (10.4 g/100 g, in dry basis) at this system enabled to explore the flavor and color potential of the fruit and to eliminate the addition of vegetable fat generally used at the conventional formulation. The sensory tests indicated that the no-added sucrose acai chewy candy was acceptable for all the evaluated attributes and approved regarding purchase intent, presenting better results than the containing-sucrose acai chewy candy.

LWT–Food Science and Technology published new progress about Candy. 64519-82-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol, and the molecular formula is C12H24O11, HPLC of Formula: 64519-82-0.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Piekara, Agnieszka published the artcileLollipop supplements- nutrient-dense foods or sweets in disguise?, Synthetic Route of 64519-82-0, the main research area is lollipop nutrient food sweet supplementation children.

The consumption of dietary supplements (DSs) is rising among children. Lately the composition of such products has come under considerable criticism. Sweetening agents (SA) were identified and quantified in dietary supplements, which take the form of lollipops (lollipop supplements) using HPLC and the calorific value of the analyzed products was determined using a caloric bomb. The purpose of the study was to evaluate: (i) content of SA in lollipop supplements, (ii) energetic value of the daily dose of lollipop supplement vs the average energy requirement (AR) for children aged 3-12 and (iii) potential impact that the sweetening agents, found in lollipop supplements, may have on children′s health. The anal. of the energy values of the supplements′ daily doses shows a significant impact of such dose of supplement on the energy balance of the daily diet amounting to 12.74 % of a 7-yr-old female child′s AR for energy (kcal/day).

Journal of Food Composition and Analysis published new progress about Candy. 64519-82-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol, and the molecular formula is C12H24O11, Synthetic Route of 64519-82-0.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zeng, Fan-kui published the artcileEffect of Potato Flour on the Rheological Properties of Dough and the Volatile Aroma Components of Bread, Formula: C5H12O, the main research area is potato flour dough bread aroma compound.

The effect of potato flour as partial replacement of wheat flour at levels of 6%, 15% and 30% on dough rheol. properties and flavor properties of baked bread were investigated. Results showed that the substitution ratio at low level of 6% in bread baking is perfectly feasible, the potato bread is softer than the all-wheat bread. Potato flour substitution at higher level will result in a serious decreasing of processing performance, due to the protein weakening increasing, the dough formation time and stability time decreasing. Furfural and acetone can be used as marker components to identify the potato bread from the all-wheat bread, based on their exclusive presence in bread contains potato flour. Furfural is a nonenzymic browning reaction product in potato flour, while acetone may come from the potato flour made with some defective potatoes (soft-rot-infected). The relative content of hydroxyacetone in the crust is high, and the hexyl alc. is low, the result is opposite in the crumb. In conclusion, potato flour at low substitution rate such as 6% is feasible.

American Journal of Potato Research published new progress about Bread. 584-02-1 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-Pentanol, and the molecular formula is C5H12O, Formula: C5H12O.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Huang, Ya-Ling published the artcileOptimization of the extrusion process for preparation of soluble dietary fiber-enriched calamondin pomace and its influence on the properties of bread, Safety of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is calamondin pomace bread soluble dietary fiber food additive; Bread; Calamondin pomace; Extrusion; Soluble dietary fiber; Textural properties.

Calamondin pomace is a byproduct obtained after calamondin juice extraction The effects of extrusion variables on the soluble dietary fiber (SDF) of calamondin pomace were investigated by response surface methodol. Bread samples with different contents of extruded calamondin pomace (ECP) additive were produced and their textural and sensory properties evaluated. The optimal conditions for the extrusion of calamondin pomace were found to be a barrel temperature of 129°C, feed moisture of 16%, and a screw speed of 298 rpm. The results revealed that extrusion increased the SDF of the calamondin pomace because the redistribution of insoluble dietary fiber formed SDF. A monosaccharide profile indicated that total dietary fiber in calamondin pomace processed by extrusion contained a high content of uronic acid and arabinose and a low amount of glucose, suggesting the presence of pectic polysaccharide and trace amounts of cellulose and hemicellulose. Increasing the ECP content decreased the sp. volume and altered the textural properties, such as the hardness, gumminess and chewiness of the bread, and the bread became darker and redder in appearance. Sensory evaluation indicated that bread with 5% ECP content had good overall acceptability. Thus, extrusion of calamondin pomace can effectively increase the SDF content and resulting ECP can be used to produce SDF-enriched breads with sensory acceptability.

Journal of Food Science and Technology (New Delhi, India) published new progress about Bread. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Safety of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Farhat, Elie published the artcileGoldfish response to chronic hypoxia: mitochondrial respiration, fuel preference and energy metabolism, Synthetic Route of 97-67-6, the main research area is hypoxia mitochondrial respiration energy metabolism glycolysis beta oxidation goldfish; Na+/K+-ATPase; beta-oxidation; citrate synthase; glycolysis; hypoxia tolerance; metabolic suppression; mitochondria.

Hypometabolism is a hallmark strategy of hypoxia tolerance. To identify potential mechanisms of metabolic suppression, we have used the goldfish to quantify the effects of chronically low oxygen (4 wk; 10% air saturation) on mitochondrial respiration capacity and fuel preference. The responses of key enzymes from glycolysis, β-oxidation and the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and Na+/K+-ATPase were also monitored in various tissues of this champion of hypoxia tolerance. Results show that mitochondrial respiration of individual tissues depends on oxygen availability as well as metabolic fuel oxidized. All the respiration parameters measured in this study (LEAK, OXPHOS, Respiratory Control Ratio, CCCP-uncoupled, and COX) are affected by hypoxia, at least for one of the metabolic fuels. However, no common pattern of changes in respiration states is observed across tissues, except for the general downregulation of COX that may help metabolic suppression. Hypoxia causes the brain to switch from carbohydrates to lipids, with no clear fuel preference in other tissues. It also downregulates brain Na+/K+-ATPase (40%) and causes widespread tissue-specific effects on glycolysis and beta-oxidation This study shows that hypoxia-acclimated goldfish mainly promote metabolic suppression by adjusting the glycolytic supply of pyruvate, reducing brain Na+/K+-ATPase, and downregulating COX, most likely decreasing mitochondrial d.

Metabolites published new progress about Brain. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Synthetic Route of 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Araujo de Lima, Ludmila published the artcileEffects of vitamin D (VD3) supplementation on the brain mitochondrial function of male rats, in the 6-OHDA-induced model of Parkinson’s disease, HPLC of Formula: 97-67-6, the main research area is vitamin supplementation brain mitochondrial function OHDA induced Parkinson disease; 6-OHDA-model of PD; Mitochondria; Oxidative stress; VD3; Vitamin D.

Mitochondria dysfunction is an important factor involved in PD pathogenesis. We reported neuroprotective actions of vitamin D (VD3) on a PD model, and now we investigated the VD3 effects on the brain mitochondrial function. We focused on oxygen consumption, respiratory control ratio (RCR), ADP/O ratio, mitochondria swelling, H2O2 production, and SOD activity. Addnl., immunohistochem. assays for the dopamine system markers (TH and DAT) and mitochondrial markers (VDAC1 and Hsp60) were also carried out in the striata. Young adult male Wistar rats (250 g, 2.5 mo age) were anesthetized and subjected to stereotaxic surgery and injection of saline (SO group) or 6-OHDA, into the right striatum. Brain mitochondria were isolated from the groups: sham-operated (SO), 6-OHDA, 6-OHDA pretreated with VD3 for 7, days before the 6-OHDA lesion (6-OHDA+VD3, pre-) or treated with VD3 for 14 days, after the 6-OHDA lesion (6-OHDA+VD3, post-). VD3 prevented decreases in oxygen consumption, RCR, and ADP/O ratio observed after 6-OHDA injury. Noteworthy, a very low (oxygen consumption and RCR) or no improvement (ADP/O) were observed in the 6-OHDA+VD3 post- group. VD3 also prevented the increased mitochondria swelling and H2O2 production and a decrease in SOD activity, resp., in the 6-OHDA injured mitochondria. Also, VD3 supplementation protected the hemiparkinsonian brain from decreases in TH and DAT expressions and decreased the upregulation of mitochondrial markers, as VDAC 1 and Hsp60. In conclusion, VD3 showed neuroprotective actions on brain mitochondria injured by 6-OHDA and should stimulate translational studies focusing on its use as a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases as PD.

Neurochemistry International published new progress about Brain. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, HPLC of Formula: 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wada, Yoichi published the artcileBiallelic GALM pathogenic variants cause a novel type of galactosemia, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is biallelic GALM galactosemia peripheral blood mononuclear cell; GALM; Leloir pathway; galactose; galactose mutarotase; genetics.

Galactosemia is caused by metabolic disturbances at various stages of galactose metabolism, including deficiencies in enzymes involved in the Leloir pathway (GALT, GALK1, and GALE). Nevertheless, the etiol. of galactosemia has not been identified in a subset of patients. This study aimed to explore the causes of unexplained galactosemia. Trio-based exome sequencing and/or Sanger sequencing was performed in eight patients with unexplained congenital galactosemia. In vitro enzymic assays and immunoblot assays were performed to confirm the pathogenicity of the variants. The highest blood galactose levels observed in each patient were 17.3-41.9 mg/dL. Bilateral cataracts were observed in two patients. In all eight patients, we identified biallelic variants (p.Arg82*, p.Ile99Leufs*46, p.Gly142Arg, p.Arg267Gly, and p.Trp311*) in the GALM encoding galactose mutarotase, which catalyzes epimerization between β- and α-D-galactose in the first step of the Leloir pathway. GALM enzyme activities were undetectable in lymphoblastoid cell lines established from two patients. Immunoblot anal. showed the absence of the GALM protein in the patients’ peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In vitro GALM expression and protein stability assays revealed altered stabilities of the variant GALM proteins. Biallelic GALM pathogenic variants cause galactosemia, suggesting the existence of type IV galactosemia.

Genetics in Medicine published new progress about Blood. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Agramonte, Natasha M. published the artcileComparative evaluation of a silicone membrane as an alternative to skin for testing mosquito repellents, Quality Control of 42822-86-6, the main research area is mosquito repellents silicone membrane skin.

Repellents prevent mosquito bites and help reduce mosquito-borne disease, a global public health issue. Laboratory-based repellent bioassays predict the ability of compounds to deter mosquito feeding, but the variety of repellent bioassays and statistical anal. methods makes it difficult to compare results across methodologies. The most realistic data are collected when repellents are applied on the skin; however, this method exposes volunteers to chems. and mosquito bites. Silicone membranes were investigated as an alternative to human skin in assays of repellent efficacy. Results from module system bioassays conducted in vitro with a silicone membrane were compared with in vivo bioassays conducted with N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (referred to as DEET), 1-piperidinecarboxylic acid 2-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-methylpropylester (referred to as Picaridin), Et 3-[acetyl(butyl)amino]propanoate (referred to as IR3535), and para-menthane-3,8-diol (referred to as PMD) applied directly on the skin of the leg. No significant difference in mosquito feeding was found when comparing skin and volunteer-worn membrane controls using blood; however, feeding was significantly lower in unworn membrane controls using either 10% sucrose or blood, indicating that worn membranes are a possible surrogate for untreated human skin. Pooled data from six volunteers were used to generate dose-response curves of blood-feeding activity. Results from skin-applied repellents were modeled to determine if membranes could provide a predictive correlate for skin. Goodness-of-fit comparisons indicated that the nonlinear dose-response curves for the skin and membrane differed significantly for DEET and Picaridin, but did not differ significantly for IR3535 and PMD. With knowledge of the dose-response relationships and further modifications to this system, the membrane-based tests could be used for standardized repellent testing with infected vectors.

Journal of Medical Entomology published new progress about Blood. 42822-86-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5-methylcyclohexanol, and the molecular formula is C10H20O2, Quality Control of 42822-86-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Liu, Bilin published the artcileComparative study on isolation and mitochondrial function of adult mouse and rat cardiomyocytes, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is cardiomyocyte mitochondria reactive oxygen species; Cardiomyocytes cultivation; Mitochondrial function; Mouse; ROS; Rat; mPTP.

The functions of mouse cardiomyocytes decline faster than rat cardiomyocytes in culture conditions. However, little is known about the difference of mitochondrial function between cultured mouse and rat myocytes. Cardiomyocytes mitochondrial functions were measured after 2 h, 1 day, 2 days, 3 days, and 4 days culture by monitoring mitoflashes. Then, we focused on the third day cultured mouse and rat myocytes, comparatively analyzing the respiration function and superoxide generation stimulated by pyruvate/malate/ADP and the mPTP opening induction. Mouse myocytes showed lower respiration and mitoflash activity, but without the change of maximum uncoupled respiration when compared with rat myocytes. Although the response to superoxide production stimulated by respiration substrates was slower than rat myocytes, the basal superoxide generation is faster than the rat. The faster mitochondrial ROS generation of mouse myocytes upon laser stimulation triggered the faster mPTP opening compared with the rat. Finally, antioxidant MitoTEMPO pretreatment preserved the mitochondrial function of mouse myocytes on the third day. The mitochondrial function and stability are different between cultured mouse and rat cardiac myocytes beyond 3 days even though they both belong to Muridae. Mitochondrial ROS impairs the mitochondrial functions of mouse cardiomyocytes on the third day. Suppressing superoxide maintained the mitochondrial function of mouse myocytes on the third day.

Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology published new progress about Blood. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Conte, Federica published the artcilePhosphoglucomutase-1 deficiency: Early presentation, metabolic management and detection in neonatal blood spots, Safety of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is phosphoglucomutase deficiency neonatal blood metabolism; Congenital disorder of glycosylation; Dilated cardiomyopathy; Exercise intolerance; Galactose; Hypoglycemia; PGM1.

Phosphoglucomutase 1 deficiency is a congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG) with multiorgan involvement affecting carbohydrate metabolism, N-glycosylation and energy production The metabolic management consists of dietary D-galactose supplementation that ameliorates hypoglycemia, hepatic dysfunction, endocrine anomalies and growth delay. Previous studies suggest that D-galactose administration in juvenile patients leads to more significant and long-lasting effects, stressing the urge of neonatal diagnosis (0-6 mo of age). Here, we detail the early clin. presentation of PGM1-CDG in eleven infantile patients, and applied the modified Beutler test for screening of PGM1-CDG in neonatal dried blood spots (DBSs). All eleven infants presented episodic hypoglycemia and elevated transaminases, along with cleft palate and growth delay (10/11), muscle involvement (8/11), neurol. involvement (5/11), cardiac defects (2/11). Standard dietary measures for suspected lactose intolerance in four patients prior to diagnosis led to worsening of hypoglycemia, hepatic failure and recurrent diarrhea, which resolved upon D-galactose supplementation. To investigate possible differences in early vs. late clin. presentation, we performed the first systematic literature review for PGM1-CDG, which highlighted respiratory and gastrointestinal symptoms as significantly more diagnosed in neonatal age. The modified Butler-test successfully identified PGM1-CDG in DBSs from seven patients, including for the first time Guthrie cards from newborn screening, confirming the possibility of future inclusion of PGM1-CDG in neonatal screening programs. In conclusion, severe infantile morbidity of PGM1-CDG due to delayed diagnosis could be prevented by raising awareness on its early presentation and by inclusion in newborn screening programs, enabling early treatments and galactose-based metabolic management.

Molecular Genetics and Metabolism published new progress about Blood. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Safety of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts