Author: tianli

Kim, T. H. published the artcileReceptor-mediated gene delivery using chemically modified chitosan, SDS of cas: 96345-79-8, the publication is Biomedical Materials (Bristol, United Kingdom) (2007), 2(3), S95-S100, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Chitosan has been investigated as a non-viral vector because it has several advantages such as biocompatibility, biodegradability and low toxicity with high cationic potential. However, the low specificity and low transfection efficiency of chitosan need to be solved prior to clin. application. In this paper, we focused on the galactose or mannose ligand modification of chitosan for enhancement of cell specificity and transfection efficiency via receptor-mediated endocytosis in vitro and in vivo.

Biomedical Materials (Bristol, United Kingdom) published new progress about 96345-79-8. 96345-79-8 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Sugar Units,Gal and Man, name is (2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(4-isothiocyanatophenoxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, and the molecular formula is C13H15NO6S, SDS of cas: 96345-79-8.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Kim, NaJung published the artcileSynthesis and characterization of mannosylated pegylated polyethylenimine as a carrier for siRNA, Quality Control of 96345-79-8, the publication is International Journal of Pharmaceutics (Amsterdam, Netherlands) (2012), 427(1), 123-133, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Regulation of gene expression using small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a promising strategy for research and treatment of numerous diseases. In this study, we develop and characterize a delivery system for siRNA composed of polyethylenimine (PEI), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and mannose (Man). Cationic PEI complexes and compacts siRNA, PEG forms a hydrophilic layer outside of the polyplex for steric stabilization, and mannose serves as a cell binding ligand for macrophages. The PEI-PEG-mannose delivery system was constructed in two different ways. In the first approach, mannose and PEG chains are directly conjugated to the PEI backbone. In the second approach, mannose is conjugated to one end of the PEG chain and the other end of the PEG chain is conjugated to the PEI backbone. The PEI-PEG-mannose delivery systems were synthesized with 3.45-13.3 PEG chains and 4.7-3.0 mannose mols. per PEI. The PEI-PEG-Man-siRNA polyplexes displayed a coarse surface in SEM images. Polyplex sizes were found to range from 169 to 357 nm. Gel retardation assays showed that the PEI-PEG-mannose polymers are able to efficiently complex with siRNA at low N/P ratios. Confocal microscope images showed that the PEI-PEG-Man-siRNA polyplexes could enter cells and localized in the lysosomes at 2 h post-incubation. Pegylation of the PEI reduced toxicity without any adverse reduction in knockdown efficiency relative to PEI alone. Mannosylation of the PEI-PEG could be carried out without any significant reduction in knockdown efficiency relative to PEI alone. Conjugating mannose to PEI via the PEG spacer generated superior toxicity and gene knockdown activity relative to conjugating mannose and PEG directly onto the PEI backbone.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics (Amsterdam, Netherlands) published new progress about 96345-79-8. 96345-79-8 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Sugar Units,Gal and Man, name is (2R,3S,4S,5S,6R)-2-(Hydroxymethyl)-6-(4-isothiocyanatophenoxy)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, and the molecular formula is C13H15NO6S, Quality Control of 96345-79-8.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Liao, Liping published the artcileSynthesis and biological evaluation of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives as potential neuroprotectant against ischemic brain injury, Recommanded Product: 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid, the publication is European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2020), 112114pp., database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A series of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives I (R¹ = H, OH; R² = H, F, CF₃, etc.; R³ = H, Me, F, CF₃ ) was synthesized to investigate their neuroprotective effects and mechanisms of action. Some compounds noticeably protected PC12 cells from the cytotoxicity of H₂O₂ or sodium nitroprusside (SNP). Compound I (R¹ = OH; R² = OMe; R³ = H) was the most effective derivative Compound I (R¹ = OH; R² = OMe; R³ = H) chelated Fe (II) iron, scavenged reactive oxygen species (ROS), and restored the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Moreover, it enhanced the activity of the antioxidant defense system by increasing the serum level of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and promoting the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Compound I (R¹ = OH; R² = OMe; R³ = H) caused certain improvements in behavior, the cerebral infarction area, and serum levels of biochem. indicators (TNF-α, IL-1β, SOD and MDA) in a rat MCAO model. The LD (LD₅₀) of compound I (R¹ = OH; R² = OMe; R³ = H) in mice receiving i.p. injections was greater than 400 mg/kg. Meanwhile, pharmacokinetic experiments revealed high bioavailability of this compound after both oral and i.v. administration (F = 60.76%, CL = 0.014 mg/kg/h) and a longer half-life (4.26 and 5.11 h after oral and i.v. administration, resp.). Based on these findings, compound I (R¹ = OH; R² = OMe; R³ = H) may be a promising neuroprotectant for the treatment of ischemic stroke.

European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 328-90-5. 328-90-5 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Trifluoromethyl,Fluoride,Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Phenol, name is 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C8H5F3O3, Recommanded Product: 2-Hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Huang, Jinshu published the artcileLignin-derived layered 3D biochar with controllable acidity for enhanced catalytic upgrading of Jatropha oil to biodiesel, COA of Formula: C9H12O, the publication is Catalysis Today, database is CAplus.

Biochar materials have wide applications in soil improvement/remediation, water pollution control, gas storage, and heterogeneous catalysis, while usually suffering from low surface areas and harsh preparation conditions. In this study, a green, environmentally friendly, and low-cost biochar catalyst (PAP-MEPP-C) was prepared by thermochem. treatment of lignin-derived monomers at a low temperature (80 °C), and further developed for high-efficiency production of biodiesel from non-edible Jatropha oil (JO). The characterization results showed that the structure of the PAP-MEPP-C biochar catalyst was layered and 3D structure, and its acidity could be controlled by changing the monomeric composition The reaction conditions of preparing biodiesel catalyzed by PAP-MEPP-C were optimized by the response surface method, and the obtained maximum biodiesel yield was 97.2%. The kinetics of the (trans)esterification reaction over the developed biochar catalyst PAP-MEPP-C was studied, and its superior catalytic performance to other tested acid catalysts could be supported by a relatively lower activation energy (36 kJ mol^-1). In addition, the biochar catalyst was highly stable and could be recycled four times with more than 90% biodiesel yield.

Catalysis Today published new progress about 645-56-7. 645-56-7 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Liquid Crystal &OLED Materials, name is 4-Propylphenol, and the molecular formula is C9H12O, COA of Formula: C9H12O.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Huang, Jinshu published the artcileA New Lamellar Biocarbon Catalyst with Enhanced Acidity and Contact Sites for Efficient Biodiesel Production, Product Details of C9H12O, the publication is Waste and Biomass Valorization, database is CAplus.

Biochar is a type of green, biodegradable, sustainable, and cheap carbon material, which is typically prepared by pyrolysis, gasification, and hydrothermal carbonization methods at relatively high temperatures (≤ 180 °C), but generally facing with small sp. surface areas and low acid d. In this study, lignin-derived monomers were explored as carbon sources to prepare porous biochars at a low temperature of 80 °C. The carbonaceous catalyst (PPR-SO₃H-80) was found to be composed of irregular particles accumulated by lamellar carbon, and have a large sp. surface area (165.2 m²/g) and good thermal stability. Meanwhile, PPR-SO3H-80 had a high d. of -SO₃H (3.56 mmol/g), which increases with the degree of carbon defects. Importantly, the co-existence of -OH and -COOH in a certain amount with -SO3H on PPR-SO3H-80 could significantly promote the production of biodiesel (up to 97.1% yield), as optimized by the response surface method (RSM). In addition, PPR-SO3H-80 exhibited good stability and could be recycled 4 times with biodiesel yield slightly decreasing to 90.3%. A new lamellar biochar catalyst with enhanced acidity and large surface area as well as co-existed -SO₃H, -OH and -COOH acidic species was facilely prepared and could efficiently produce biodiesel with a high yield of 97.1%.

Waste and Biomass Valorization published new progress about 645-56-7. 645-56-7 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Liquid Crystal &OLED Materials, name is 4-Propylphenol, and the molecular formula is C9H12O, Product Details of C9H12O.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ma, Yuan published the artcileTheoretical study on the formation mechanisms, dynamics and the effective catalysis of the nitrophenols, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the publication is ChemistrySelect (2018), 3(36), 10188-10197, database is CAplus.

The hydrogen abstraction reactions of mono-substituted phenols and nitrogen dioxide may be the sources of HONO and phenoxy radical. Further addition reaction of NO₂ and phenoxy radical can form 2-nitrophenol (2-NP) and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). The specific formation mechanisms and dynamics of NPs have drawn significant attention in recent days. The promoted reaction mechanisms by water, phenol and intermediate have also been studied. Compared with the naked reaction, the catalytic pathways can reduce the energy barrier from 48.40 kcal/mol to 18.23, 23.03 and 18.87 kcal/mol to form 2-NP, resp. Water mols. are the most effective catalysts, and the energy barrier could be further reduced to 8.20 kcal/mol when three water mols. are participating in the reaction. Water mols. can not only promote the formation of 4-NP, but also simplify the reaction steps. In general, the water mols. serve as catalysts in the formation of NPs. The rate constants of 2-NP and its hydrates have been predicted. The results are listed as follows: k_2-NP =3.82×10^-13; k_2-NP-1W =2.43×10^-7; k_2-NP-2W =3.39×10^-4 cm³mol.^-1s^-1. The rate constants of mono-substituted phenols (methylamino phenol, aminophenol and hydroquinone) and NO₂ are also predicted by the traditional transitional state theory and variational transition state theory using the B3LYP/6-311++G(3df,3pd)//6-311++G(d). For the most dominant path, the rate constants for o/m/p-methylaminophenol are 1.91×10^-14, 4.28×10^-20 and 8.78×10^-15 cm³mol.^-1s^-1, resp.

ChemistrySelect published new progress about 14703-69-6. 14703-69-6 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Amine,Benzene,Phenol, name is 3-(Methylamino)phenol, and the molecular formula is C7H9NO, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhao, Shen published the artcileHighly efficient and selective oxidation of various substrates under mild conditions using a lanthanum-containing polyoxometalate as catalyst, Formula: C6H16OSi, the publication is Applied Catalysis, A: General (2013), 188-194, database is CAplus.

A La-containing polyoxometalate (POM) of DA₁₁[La(PW₁₁O₃₉)₂] (denoted as DA-La(PW₁₁)₂; DA = Decyltrimethylammonium cation) is highly efficient and selective for oxidation of various substrates including alkenes, alkenols, sulfides, silane and alc. with only one equivalent H₂O₂ as oxidant at 25°, and the POM catalyst can be easily recovered and reused for ten times without obvious decrease of catalytic activity and the yields for catalyst recovery are all >95%. The epoxidation of cis-cyclooctene proceeds efficiently in 98% yield with only 0.08 mol% of DA-La(PW₁₁)₂, and the turnover number (TON) can reach ≤1200 at 25°.

Applied Catalysis, A: General published new progress about 597-52-4. 597-52-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is Triethylsilanol, and the molecular formula is C15H14N2, Formula: C6H16OSi.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chen, Si published the artcileComparative analysis of L-sorbose dehydrogenase by docking strategy for 2-keto-L-gulonic acid production in Ketogulonicigenium vulgare and Bacillus endophyticus consortium, Recommanded Product: (3S,4R,5S)-3,4,5,6-Tetrahydroxy-2-oxohexanoic acid, the publication is Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2016), 43(11), 1507-1516, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Improving the yield of 2-keto-L-gulonic acid (2-KGA), the direct precursor of vitamin C, draws more and more attention in industrial production In this study, we try to increase the 2-KGA productivity by computer-aided selection of genes encoding L-sorbose dehydrogenases (SDH) of Ketogulonicigenium vulgare. First, six SDHs were modeled by docking strategy to predict the binding mode with co-factor PQQ. The binding energy between SSDA1-H/SSDA1-L and PQQ was the highest, followed by SSDA3/SSDA2. The binding energy between SSDA1-P/SSDB and PQQ was the lowest. Then, these genes were overexpressed, resp., in an industrial strain K. vulgare HKv604. Overexpression of ssda1-l and ssda1-h enhanced the 2-KGA production by 7.89 and 12.56 % in mono-cultured K. vulgare, and by 13.21 and 16.86 % when K. vulgare was co-cultured with Bacillus endophyticus. When the engineered K. vulgare SyBE_Kv000116013 (overexpression of ssda1-p) or SyBE_Kv000116016 (overexpression of ssdb) was co-cultured with B. endophyticus, the 2-KGA production decreased significantly. The docking results were in accordance with the exptl. data, which indicated that computer-aided modeling is an efficient strategy for screening more efficient enzymes.

Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology published new progress about 526-98-7. 526-98-7 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Sugar Units,Other Sugar Units, name is (3S,4R,5S)-3,4,5,6-Tetrahydroxy-2-oxohexanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C6H10O7, Recommanded Product: (3S,4R,5S)-3,4,5,6-Tetrahydroxy-2-oxohexanoic acid.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chen, Si published the artcileFitness analysis between the L-sorbosone dehydrogenase modules and Ketogulonigenium vulgare chassis, Synthetic Route of 526-98-7, the publication is Shengwu Gongcheng Xuebao (2016), 32(9), 1224-1232, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Ketogulonigenium vulgare is an acid-producing strain in the process of two-step vitamin C fermentation L-sorbosone dehydrogenase (SNDH) is one of the key enzymes during the biosynthesis of 2-keto-L-gulonic acid (2-KGA), the precursor of vitamin C. However, the catalytic mechanism of SNDH is unclear. According to the whole genome sequencing of K. vulgare, two genes encoding sorbosone dehydrogenases, one derived from the chromosome (named as sndhg) and one from plasmid (named as sndhp), were introduced into an industrial strain K. vulgare. The overexpression of gene sndhg had hardly effect on 2-KGA production, and the overexpression of gene sndhp produced an obvious byproduct in the fermentation broth. Combinational expression of sndhg/sndhp with pqqA (obtaining sndhg-pqqA and sndhp-pqqA modules) in K. vulgare resulted in the similar fermentation phenotype to two previous strains. After serial sub-cultivation of co-cultured Bacillus endophyticus with each engineered K. vulgare for 50 d, the conversion rate of 2-KGA increased by 15.4%, 179%, 0.65% and 125% compared with that of the parental K. vulgare with B. endophyticus. This study shows that adaptive evolution of microbial consortium is an effective strategy to increase the fitness between functional modules and chassis, thus quickly getting better strains for production of 2-KGA.

Shengwu Gongcheng Xuebao published new progress about 526-98-7. 526-98-7 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Sugar Units,Other Sugar Units, name is (3S,4R,5S)-3,4,5,6-Tetrahydroxy-2-oxohexanoic acid, and the molecular formula is C6H10O7, Synthetic Route of 526-98-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Xin, Zhuo published the artcileRu-Catalyzed Switchable N-Hydroxyethylation and N-Acetonylation with Crude Glycerol, SDS of cas: 101-98-4, the publication is ChemSusChem (2020), 13(8), 2007-2011, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Highly efficient Ru-catalyzed selective C-C or C-O bond cleavage of polyols (e.g., crude glycerol) for N-hydroxyethylation or N-acetonylation of amines to give β-amino alcs. RR¹N(CH₂)₂OH [R = Ph, 2-MeC₆H4, 4-ClC₆H₄, etc.; R¹ = Me, Et, Bn, etc.] and β-amino ketones ArNR₂CH₂C(O)Me [Ar = Ph, 2-MeC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄, etc.; R² = Me, Bn, etc.] in moderate-to-excellent yields was achieved through the hydrogen-borrowing approach. The use of new redox-active catalysts containing bisphosphine/thienylmethylamine ligands allowed this hydrogen-borrowing system to be operated selectively under both basic and acidic conditions.

ChemSusChem published new progress about 101-98-4. 101-98-4 belongs to alcohols-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Amine,Benzene,Alcohol, name is 2-(Benzyl(methyl)amino)ethanol, and the molecular formula is C4H4N2O2, SDS of cas: 101-98-4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts