Author: tianli

Pridgeon, Julia W. published the artcileToxicity comparison of eight repellents against four species of female mosquitoes, Synthetic Route of 42822-86-6, the main research area is mosquito insecticide.

The relative toxicities of 8 repellents (DMP, Rutgers 612, DEET, IR3535, Picardin, PMD, AI3-35765, and AI3-37220) were evaluated by topical application against females of Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus, Anopheles quadrimaculatus, and Anopheles albimanus. Based on 24-h LD50 values, the most toxic repellent against all 4 mosquito species was AI3-37220, with values of 0.25, 0.20, 0.16, and 0.11 μg/mg for the listed 4 mosquito species, resp. The least toxic of the 8 repellents tested was DMP, with LD50 values of 5.40, 4.72, 2.50, and 1.83 μg/mg, resp. Based on the 24-h LD50 values, A. albimanus was the most susceptible species. The findings of the study reported herein provide a comprehensive examination of the toxicities of 4 currently used, 2 formerly used, and 2 exptl. repellents against 4 mosquito species.

Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association published new progress about Aedes aegypti. 42822-86-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5-methylcyclohexanol, and the molecular formula is C10H20O2, Synthetic Route of 42822-86-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Paluch, Gretchen E. published the artcileAmyris and Siam-wood essential oils: insect activity of sesquiterpenes, Quality Control of 42822-86-6, the main research area is insecticide Amyris Fokienia essential oil.

Recent investigations on the sesquiterpene-rich Amyris (Amyris balsamifera) and Siam-wood (Fokienia hodginsii) essential oils revealed significant arthropod repellency and toxicity responses. Amyris essential oil and 1 of its major components, elemol, were evaluated in laboratory bioassays and identified as effective mosquito repellents, specifically characterized by high levels of contact and minimal spatial repellency. Mosquito responses to catnip (Nepeta cataria) essential oil are characterized with high spatial activity, but lack significant contact repellency. Sampling within the static-air bioassay chamber with solid-phase microextraction provided measurements of the relative concentration and distribution of volatiles. These results supported the differences observed in repellency between essential oil treatments. Essential oil mixtures containing both spatial (catnip) and contact (Amyris) repellents were made and showed high levels of residual control via both modes of action. Siam-wood essential oil scored high in both spatial and contact efficacy against mosquitoes. Observations during this study included signs of toxicity. Two of the primary components of Siam-wood essential oil were tested for 24-h house fly (Musca domestica) topical mortality. Transnerolidol and fokienol were found to possess similar insecticidal activity (topical LD50 values ranged 0.17-0.21 μmol/fly). Amyris essential oil was selected for addnl. testing with brown dog ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) in a barrier repellency assay. Individuals were observed repeatedly avoiding and moving away from surfaces treated with Amyris essential oil.

ACS Symposium Series published new progress about Aedes aegypti. 42822-86-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5-methylcyclohexanol, and the molecular formula is C10H20O2, Quality Control of 42822-86-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhu, Junwei published the artcileAdult repellency and larvicidal activity of five plant essential oils against mosquitoes, Quality Control of 42822-86-6, the main research area is plant essential oil insecticide repellent Aedes Culex.

The larvicidal activity and repellency of 5 plant essential oils-thyme oil, catnip oil, amyris oil, eucalyptus oil, and cinnamon oil-were tested against 3 mosquito species: Aedes albopictus, A. aegypti, and Culex pipiens pallens. Larvicidal activity of these essentials oils was evaluated in the laboratory against 4th instars of each of the 3 mosquito species, and amyris oil demonstrated the greatest inhibitory effect with LC50 values in 24 h of 58 μg/mL (LC90 = 72 μg/mL) for A. aegypti, 78 μg/mL (LC90 = 130 μg/mL) for A. albopictus, and 77 μg/mL (LC90 = 123 μg/mL) for C. pipiens pallens. The topical repellency of these selected essential oils and deet against laboratory-reared female blood-starved A. albopictus was examined Catnip oil seemed to be the most effective and provided 6-h protection at both concentrations tested (23 and 468 μg/cm2). Thyme oil had the highest effectiveness in repelling this species, but the repellency duration was only 2 h. The applications using these natural product essential oils in mosquito control are discussed.

Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association published new progress about Aedes aegypti. 42822-86-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 2-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-5-methylcyclohexanol, and the molecular formula is C10H20O2, Quality Control of 42822-86-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Huynh, Kenny W. published the artcileLactate inhibits naked mole-rat cardiac mitochondrial respiration, Name: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is lactate mitochondrial respiration heart; Electron transport system; Hypoxia; Lactate dehydrogenase; Oxidative phosphorylation.

In aerobic conditions, the proton-motive force drives oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and the conversion of ADP to ATP. In hypoxic environments, OXPHOS is impaired, resulting in energy shortfalls and the accumulation of protons and lactate. This results in cellular acidification, which may impact the activity and/or integrity of mitochondrial enzymes and in turn neg. impact mitochondrial respiration and thus aerobic ATP production Naked mole-rats (NMRs) are among the most hypoxia-tolerant mammals and putatively experience intermittent hypoxia in their underground burrows. However, if and how NMR cardiac mitochondria are impacted by lactate accumulation in hypoxia is unknown. Author predicted that lactate alters mitochondrial respiration in NMR cardiac muscle. To test this, author used high-resolution respirometry to measure mitochondrial respiration in permeabilized cardiac muscle fibers from NMRs exposed to 4 h of in vivo normoxia (21% O2) or hypoxia (7% O2). Author found that: (1) cardiac mitochondria cannot directly oxidize lactate, but surprisingly, (2) lactate inhibits mitochondrial respiration, and (3) decreases complex IV maximum respiratory capacity. Finally, (4) in vivo hypoxic exposure decreases the magnitude of lactate-mediated inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. Taken together, author results suggest that lactate may retard electron transport system function in NMR cardiac mitochondria, particularly in normoxia, and that NMR hearts may be primed for anaerobic metabolism

Journal of Comparative Physiology, B: Biochemical, Systems, and Environmental Physiology published new progress about Acidification. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Name: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Shilei published the artcileConstruction of synthetic microbiota for reproducible flavor compound metabolism in Chinese light-aroma-type liquor produced by solid-state fermentation, Computed Properties of 505-10-2, the main research area is microbiota flavor metabolism aroma liquor solid state fermentation; Chinese liquor; cooccurring network; core microbiota; environmental factors; flavor compounds; food fermentation.

Natural microbiota plays an essential role in flavor compounds used in traditional food fermentation; however, the fluctuation in natural microbiota results in inconsistency in food quality. Thus, it is critical to reveal the core microbiota for flavor compound production and to construct a synthetic core microbiota for use in constant food fermentation Here, we reveal the core microbiota based on their flavor production and cooccurrence performance, using Chinese light-aroma-type liquor as a model system. Five genera, Lactobacillus, Saccharomyces, Pichia, Geotrichum, and Candida, were identified to be the core microbiota. The synthetic core microbiota of these five genera presented a reproducible dynamic profile similar to that in the natural microbiota. A Monte Carlo test showed that the effects of five environmental factors (lactic acid, ethanol, and acetic acid contents, moisture, and pH) on the synthetic microbiota distribution were highly significant (P < 0.01), similar to those effects on a natural fermentation system. In addition, 77.27% of the flavor compounds produced by the synthetic core microbiota showed a similar dynamic profile (ρ > 0) with that in the natural liquor fermentation process, and the flavor profile presented a similar composition It indicated that the synthetic core microbiota is efficient for reproducible flavor metabolism This work established a method for identifying core microbiota and constructing a synthetic microbiota for reproducible flavor compounds This work is of great significance for the tractable and constant production of various fermented foods.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology published new progress about Achromobacter. 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Computed Properties of 505-10-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Gibka, Julia published the artcileDerivatives of tridecan-X-ones (X = 2-7): Synthesis and spectral data, Synthetic Route of 58783-82-7, the main research area is tridecanone diol acetalization; acetal tridecanone preparation; dioxolane preparation; dioxane preparation; tridecyl acetate preparation.

Tridecan-x-ones (x = 2-7) have been used as starting materials in the synthesis of ethylene and propylene acetals, tridecan-x-ols and their acetates. Cyclic acetals were obtained in the reaction between ketone and ethane-1,2-diol or propane-1,2-diol in toluene in the presence of sulfosalicylic acid as a catalyst. Alcs. were synthesized in the reduction of ketones with sodium borohydride in water/2-propanol. Acetates were prepared by the esterification of alcs. with acetic anhydride in the presence of sodium acetate. All derivatives were prepared in a 2-5 g scale. Phys. properties (b.p., refractive index, elemental anal.) and spectral data (IR, 1H NMR) for all the synthesized derivatives of tridecan-x-ones have been determined

Zeszyty Naukowe – Politechnika Lodzka, Chemia Spozywcza i Biotechnologia published new progress about Acetalization. 58783-82-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 5-Tridecanol, and the molecular formula is C13H28O, Synthetic Route of 58783-82-7.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Minnaar, Phillip published the artcileEffect of alcoholic and acetous fermentations on the phenolic acids of Kei-apple (Dovyalis caffra L.) fruit, Product Details of C4H6O5, the main research area is Dovyalis caffra fruit phenolic acid alc acetous fermentation; Saccharomyces cerevisiae; Schizosaccharomyces pombe; acetic acid bacteria; liquid chromatography; phenolics.

The Kei apple is a tree found on the African continent. Limited information exists on the effect of alc. and acetous fermentation on the phytochems. of Kei apple. The fruit has increased concentrations of L-malic, ascorbic, and phenolic acids among other compounds Juice was co-inoculated with Schizosaccharomyces pombe (Sp) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Sc) to induce alc. fermentation (AF). Acetous fermentation followed AF, using an acetic acid bacteria (AAB) consortium. Saccharomyces cerevisiae + Sp wines and vinegars had the highest pH. Total acidity, soluble solids and L-malic acid decreased during AF and acetous fermentation, and was highest in Sc wines and vinegars. Volatile acidity (VA) concentration was highest in Sp vinegars but was not significantly different from Sc and Sc + Sp vinegars. Gallic acid was highest in Sp wines and vinegars, whereas syringic acid was highest in Sc wines and vinegars. The Sc + Sp wines were highest in caffeic, p-coumaric, and protocatechuic acids. Schizosaccharomyces pombe vinegars were highest in caffeic and p-coumaric acids. Highest concentrations of ferulic and sinapic acids were found in Sp and Sc wines, resp. Chlorogenic acid was most abundant phenolic acid in both wines and vinegars. Saccharomyces cerevisiae + Sp and Sc fermentation had a pos. effect on most phenolic acids; Sc + AAB had an increased effect on syringic and chlorogenic acids, whereas Sp + AAB resulted in an increase in gallic, caffeic, and p-coumaric acids. The AAB selected had minimal performance with respect to VA production in comparison to com. vinegars. Acetic acid bacteria selection for acetous fermentation should therefore be reconsidered and the decrease of certain phenolic acids during acetous fermentation needs to be investigated.

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture published new progress about Aberia caffra. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Product Details of C4H6O5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhou, Le published the artcileOptical diffusers based on uniform nano-sized polymer balls/nematic liquid crystals composite films, Formula: C17H28O8S4, the main research area is optical diffuser nematic liquid crystal film.

Optical diffusers are promising diffusing materials in the optical devices such as monitors, projectors, fiber optics, light-emitting diode (LED) systems and liquid crystal displays (LCDs). We report optical diffusers comprising uniformly distributed nano-sized polymer balls/nematic liquid crystals (LCs) by UV click reaction of ene monomer and thiol monomer. By optimizing the mass ratio 1:1 of ene and thiol, of which the average diameter of the corresponding nano-sized polymer balls is about 900 nm, relatively high optical transmission and haze with 88.99% and 94.49% are yielded, resp. Furthermore, by controlling the curing time, the average diameter of nano-sized polymer balls can be reduced to 810 nm, and the developed film exhibits high transmission (98.49%) without sacrificing the high haze (91.77%). This paper demonstrates that UV click reaction is an economical approach to fabricate optical diffusers in a controllable manner.

Liquid Crystals published new progress about Microstructure. 7575-23-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate), and the molecular formula is C17H28O8S4, Formula: C17H28O8S4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Kumari, Bharti published the artcileEfficient Referencing of FSLG CPMAS HETCOR Spectra Using 2D 1H-1H MAS FSLG, Computed Properties of 111-87-5, the main research area is octanol FSLG CPMAS HETCOR spectrum.

FSLG CPMAS HETCOR is a 2D solid-state NMR experiment which provides structural information and conformational correlation between a 1H and an X-nucleus. However, practical application of the experiment suffers from the chem. shift referencing problem on the indirect 1H dimension. In our paper, we present a novel 1H-1H MAS FSLG-based approach and its application to reference the FSLG CPMAS HETCOR which overcomes the 1H referencing in the 2D 1H-X HETCOR experiment This approach works excellently irresp. of the sample type over a wide range of temperature

Applied Magnetic Resonance published new progress about Microstructure. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Computed Properties of 111-87-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Schoettl, Sebastian published the artcileSolubilization power of surfactant-free microemulsions, Recommanded Product: n-Octanol, the main research area is solubilization microemulsion propane.

Hydrophobe solubilization concepts rely on the shielding of solutes from water in nonpolar domains comprising traditional surfactants. We show how an octanol/ethanol/water surfactant-free microemulsion solvates hydrophobic propane in small octanol/ethanol aggregates similar to traditional micelles. These aggregates have the comparable solvent quality as bulk octanol/ethanol with the same composition

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics published new progress about Microemulsions. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Recommanded Product: n-Octanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts