Author: tianli

Fu, Yousi published the artcileAn in vitro fermentation study on the effects of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides on human intestinal microbiota from fecal microbiota transplantation donors, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is polysaccharide Dendrobium fermentation intestinal microbiota transplantation.

The current study investigated the effects of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides (DOP) on human intestinal microbiota composition and metabolism via in vitro fermentation Following 48 h of fermentation, 63.88% ± 2.40% of the total carbohydrate in the DOP was consumed and pH decreased from 6.95 to 4.70. Meanwhile, the total short chain fatty acid (SCFA) productions significantly increased, with the major SCFA being acetic, propionic and butyric acids. 16S rRNA anal. revealed several differences in the intestinal microbiota community structure between the DOP-treatment culture and control, DOP increased the population of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and decreased the abundance of Proteobacteria. PICRUSt functional profile prediction revealed that DOP increased the abundance of genes in amino acid and fatty acid metabolic pathways. The results of metabolites determination also showed higher amino acids and fatty acids metabolites. These results suggest that polysaccharides from Dendrobium officinale have prebiotic potential and may improve gastrointestinal health.

Journal of Functional Foods published new progress about Bacteroidetes. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

He, Shudong published the artcilePotential effects of rapeseed peptide Maillard reaction products on aging-related disorder attenuation and gut microbiota modulation in D-galactose induced aging mice, Synthetic Route of 59-23-4, the main research area is galactose aging disorder gut microbiota rapeseed peptide MRP.

As a good flavor enhancer, rapeseed peptide Maillard reaction products (MRPs) were developed, and the effects of MRPs on D-galactose induced aging Kunming mice were investigated for 6 wk with low (200 mg kg-1 day-1), medium (400 mg kg-1 day-1) and high (800 mg kg-1 day-1) doses. Compared with the natural aging group and D-galactose induced aging mice, the mice with MRP administration showed increases in body weight gain, food intake, organ indexes, feces color and urine fluorescence intensity. MRP intake significantly decreased the MDA content and elevated the activities of CAT, SOD and GSH-Px, and T-AOC in the serum and tissues of the liver, kidney and brain. Addnl., AChE activity was decreased in the brain, while Na+-K+ ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+ ATPase activity increased in a dose-dependent manner, and decreasing levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were observed in the liver and kidney. Histopathol. anal. suggested an attenuation of inflammatory cell infiltration in the liver and kidney without cell necrosis. High-throughput sequencing results revealed that the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes increased in MRP groups, and the pathogenic bacteria were significantly inhibited, while some beneficial bacteria were significantly increased in the intestine. Overall, our results indicated that MRP consumption might have potential beneficial effects on postponing the aging process via reducing the oxidative stress and gut microflora modulation.

Food & Function published new progress about Bacteroidetes. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Synthetic Route of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Pochec, Michal published the artcileIntermolecular Interactions and Spectroscopic Signatures of the Hydrogen-Bonded System-n-Octanol in Experimental and Theoretical Studies, Recommanded Product: n-Octanol, the main research area is octanol hydrogen bond solvent effect IR spectra; AIM; CPMD; DFT; FTIR; PCM; PIMD; SAPT; classical MD; gas phase; hydrogen bond; isotope effect; liquid phase; n-octanol; snapshot-envelope.

N-Octanol is the object of exptl. and theor. study of spectroscopic signatures and intermol. interactions. The FTIR measurements were carried out at 293 K for n-octanol and its deuterated form. Special attention was paid to the vibrational features associated with the O-H stretching and the isotope effect. D. Functional Theory (DFT) in its classical formulations was applied to develop static models describing intermol. hydrogen bond (HB) and isotope effect in the gas phase and using solvent reaction field reproduced by Polarizable Continuum Model (PCM). The Atoms in Mols. (AIM) theory enabled electronic structure and mol. topol. study. The Symmetry-Adapted Perturbation Theory (SAPT) was used for energy decomposition in the dimers of n-octanol. Finally, time-evolution methods, namely classical mol. dynamics (MD) and Car-Parrinello Mol. Dynamics (CPMD) were employed to shed light onto dynamical nature of liquid n-octanol with emphasis put on metric and vibrational features. As a reference, CPMD gas phase results were applied. Nuclear quantum effects were included using Path Integral Mol. Dynamics (PIMD) and a posteriori method by solving vibrational Schrodinger equation. The latter applied procedure allowed to study the deuterium isotope effect.

Molecules published new progress about Atomic charge. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Recommanded Product: n-Octanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Gonka, Elzbieta published the artcileExpanded Hexapyrrolohexaazacoronenes. Near-Infrared Absorbing Chromophores with Interrupted Peripheral Conjugation, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is expanded hexapyrrolohexaazacoronene near IR absorbing chromophore interrupted peripheral conjugation.

A family of azacoronenes containing up to two saturated bridges at the periphery was synthesized from substituted hexapyrrolylbenzenes using a two-step condensation-aromatization procedure. The introduction of peripheral bridges provides access to nonplanar, sterically crowded systems that display complex reactivity patterns, involving stereospecific aromatization of bridges and nucleophile additions Despite the interrupted conjugation on the periphery, the new azacoronenes have easily accessible higher oxidation levels, and a quadruply charged species was chem. generated by reaction with SbCl5. These oxidized species show extensive π-electron conjugation and are efficient UV-vis-NIR absorbers, active up to ca. 2400 nm. Interruption of peripheral conjugation is shown to induce a tendency toward biradicaloid electron configurations in doubly oxidized species.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about Aromatization. 6214-45-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (4-Butoxyphenyl)methanol, and the molecular formula is C11H16O2, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Jiang, Yuan-yuan published the artcileExtraction and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from roots of Arctium lappa L., Synthetic Route of 59-23-4, the main research area is Arctium root polysaccharide ultrasonic assisted extraction antioxidant; Antioxidant activities; Arctium lappa L.; Polysaccharides; Ultrasonic-assisted extraction.

Polysaccharides were extracted from the roots of Arctium lappa L. (ALPs) using response surface methodol. with ultrasonication. A central composition design was used to optimize extraction parameters by maximizing the polysaccharide extraction yield. The modified optimal conditions were as follows: water to raw material ratio of 31 mL/g, ultrasonic power of 158 W, extraction time of 83 min, and extraction temperature of 50°C. Furthermore, fractions of ALP40-1, ALP60-1, and ALP80-1 were obtained for chem. and antioxidant activity analyses after purification Results indicated that the three fractions had a mol. weight of 218, 178, and 60 kDa, resp., and were composed of mannose, glucose, fructose, and galactose. ALP60-1 exhibited strong scavenging activities on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl, hydroxyl, and superoxide radicals. These results demonstrate that ultrasonic-assisted extraction is a very effective method for extracting ALPs, and ALP60-1 is a potential novel natural antioxidant. However, further structure elucidation and in vivo experiments are required.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Arctium lappa. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Synthetic Route of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Clemente, Camila M. published the artcileEugenol carbonate activity against Plasmodium falciparum, Leishmania braziliensis, and Trypanosoma cruzi, Quality Control of 111-87-5, the main research area is allyl methoxyphenyl alkylcarbonate preparation antiparasitic activity; antiplasmodial activity; leishmanicidal activity; molecular docking; trypanocidal activity.

Neglected tropical diseases are a major health problem throughout the world, and there are few effective and safe drugs. In this study, we report the design and synthesis of a novel series of carbonates of eugenol using different aliphatic alcs. and N,N-carbonyldiimidazole. Spectroscopic techniques, including 1H NMR (NMR), 13C NMR, Fourier transform IR, and high-resolution mass spectrometry, were used to confirm the structures of the synthesized compounds In vitro and in silico studies of prodrugs of eugenol were performed to determine their antiplasmodial, trypanocidal, and leishmanicidal activities, and also their cytotoxicity. Compounds were highly active against Leishmania braziliensis and Plasmodium falciparum, whereas the activity shown for Trypanosoma cruzi was moderate. Mol. docking was used to determine a possible mode of action of eugenol against the dihydroorotate dehydrogenase of the three parasites (TcDHODH, LbDHODH, and PfDHODH). Notably, the docking results showed that eugenol not only has binding energy similar to that of the natural substrate (-7.2 and -7.1, resp.) but also has interactions with relevant biol. residues of PfDHODH. This result indicates that eugenol could act as a substrate for PfDHODH in the pyrimidine biosynthesis pathway of P. falciparum. In conclusion, the combination of certain aliphatic alcs. and eugenol through a carbonate bond could significantly increase the antiparasitic activity of this class of compounds, which merits further studies.

Archiv der Pharmazie (Weinheim, Germany) published new progress about Antimalarials. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Quality Control of 111-87-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Bisbach, Celia M. published the artcileMonocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) mediates succinate export in the retina, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is succinate monocarboxylate transporter retina.

Succinate is exported by the retina and imported by eyecup tissue. The transporters mediating this process have not yet been identified. Recent studies showed that monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT1) can transport succinate across plasma membranes in cardiac and skeletal muscle. Retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) both express multiple MCT isoforms including MCT1. We tested the hypothesis that MCTs facilitate retinal succinate export and RPE succinate import. We assessed retinal succinate export and eyecup succinate import in short-term ex vivo culture using gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry. We tested the dependence of succinate export and import on pH, proton ionophores, conventional MCT substrates, and the MCT inhibitors AZD3965, AR-C155858, and diclofenac. Succinate exits retinal tissue through MCT1 but does not enter the RPE through MCT1 or any other MCT. Intracellular succinate levels are a contributing factor that determines if an MCT1-expressing tissue will export succinate. MCT1 facilitates export of succinate from retinas. An unidentified, non-MCT transporter facilitates import of succinate into RPE.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science published new progress about Animal tissue. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Biswas, Goutam published the artcileNovel guanidine-containing molecular transporters based on lactose scaffolds: lipophilicity effect on the intracellular organellar selectivity, Application In Synthesis of 87905-98-4, the main research area is disaccharide lactose preparation lipophilicity cellular uptake tissue distribution human; blood brain barrier prodrug lipophilicity organelle tissue selectivity guanidine; guanidine mol transporter lactose scaffold lipophilicity intracellular organellar selectivity.

We have synthesized two lactose-based mol. transporters, each containing seven guanidine residues attached to the lactose scaffold through ω-amino-carboxylate linker chains of two different lengths, and have examined their cellular uptake and intracellular and organellar localizations in HeLa cells, as well as their tissue distributions in mice. Both mol. transporters showed higher cellular uptake efficiencies than Arg8, and wide tissue distributions including the brain. Mitochondrial localization is of special interest because of its potential relevance to “”mitochondrial diseases””. Interestingly, it has been found that the intracellular localization sites of the G7 mol. transporters-namely either mitochondria or lysosomes and endocytic vesicles-are largely determined by the linker chain lengths, or their associated lipophilicities.

Chemistry – A European Journal published new progress about Animal tissue. 87905-98-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is Benzyl (5-hydroxypentyl)carbamate, and the molecular formula is C13H19NO3, Application In Synthesis of 87905-98-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Dominiak, Karolina published the artcileThe relationship between mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial energetics in rat tissues with different contents of reduced coenzyme Q, COA of Formula: C4H6O5, the main research area is coenzyme Q mitochondrial reactive oxygen species energetic tissue; coenzyme Q; mitochondrial energetics; mitochondrial reactive oxygen species.

We investigated the relationship between mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial energetics in various rat tissues with different contents of the reduced coenzyme Q (Q) pool (Q9 + Q10). Our results indicate that similar to the tissue level, mitochondrial H2O2 release under nonphosphorylating conditions was strongly dependent on the amount of the reduced Q pool. Namely, in brain and lung mitochondria, less H2O2 release corresponded to a less reduced Q pool, while in liver and heart mitochondria, higher H2O2 release corresponded to a more reduced Q pool. We can conclude that the differences observed in rat tissues in the size of the reduced Q pool reflect different levels of ROS production and hence may reflect different demands for reduced Q as an antioxidant. Moreover, differences in mitochondrial H2O2 release were observed in different types of rat mitochondria during the oxidation of succinate (complex II substrate), malate plus glutamate (complex I substrate), and their mixture under phosphorylating and nonphosphorylating conditions. Our results indicate the existence of a tissue-specific maximum respiratory chain capacity in ROS production, possibly related to the membrane potential-mediated control of oxidative phosphorylation. We propose the use of a new parameter for the study of isolated mitochondria, RCRROS, the ratio between the formation of mitochondrial ROS under nonphosphorylating and phosphorylating conditions, which represents the maximum factorial increase in mitochondrial ROS formation that can be achieved after all ADP is phosphorylated.

Antioxidants published new progress about Animal tissue. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, COA of Formula: C4H6O5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ibraheem, Bashar published the artcileInfluence of high pressure compaction on solubility and intrinsic dissolution of ibuprofen binary mixtures employing standard excipients, Quality Control of 64519-82-0, the main research area is pressure compaction influence solubility intrinsic dissolution ibuprofen binary mixture; API, active pharmaceutical ingredient; ASD, amorphous solid dispersion; BCS, biopharmaceutics classification system; COM, co-milled; Crystal modification; Cs, aqueous solubility; DSC, differential scanning calorimetry; Drug/excipient interactions; Gr, granules; HCL, hydrochloric acid; HPC, hydroxypropylcellulose; HPC-SSL, super special-low viscosity hydroxypropylcellulose; High-pressure compaction; Hydrophilic excipients; IBU, ibuprofen; IDR, intrinsic dissolution rate; ISO, isomalt; Intrinsic dissolution; MANN, mannitol; MIX, mixtures; MUPS, multiple unit pellet system; PM, physical mixtures; SFE, surface free energy; SORB, sorbitol; ST, standard; Solubility enhancement; Tab, tablets; Tg, glass transition temperature; Tm, melting point; XRPD, X-ray powder diffraction.

Enabling formulations often depend on functional excipients. However, the question remains whether excipients regarded as standard establish similar interactions and subsequently improvement of solubility when employed at unusual manufacturing process conditions. In this study, compaction of API under high pressure in the presence of hydrophilic excipients is proposed as a technique to improve the solubility and/or dissolution rate with an acceptable preservation of the supersaturation state. Binary mixtures of ibuprofen (IBU) with hydroxypropyl cellulose, isomalt, mannitol and sorbitol were compacted applying high pressure (500 MPa) with and without a previous co-milling step. Intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR) was selected to characterize and evaluate dissolution performance. The IDR of neat IBU increased from 5 to 88 fold and the aqueous solubility in the range of 3 to 54%. Regarding the polyols isomalt showed the highest impact on solubility and dissolution, without changing the crystallinity of IBU independent of a co-milling step. Even higher impact was achieved in combination with HPC. However, only without a previous co-milling step, ibuprofen remained crystalline, while co-milling induced an amorphous IBU-content of 38%. Based on XRPD and DSC findings, higher IDR and solubility values correlated with crystal modifications as well as IBU/excipient interactions.

International Journal of Pharmaceutics: X published new progress about Amorphization. 64519-82-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol, and the molecular formula is C12H24O11, Quality Control of 64519-82-0.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts