Author: tianli

β-Allyl Sulfones as Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Reagents: A Tool for Adjusting Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Dimethacrylate Networks was written by Gorsche, Christian;Griesser, Markus;Gescheidt, Georg;Moszner, Norbert;Liska, Robert. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2014.Application of 109-17-1 This article mentions the following:

Dimethacrylates are known to have good photoreactivity, but their radical polymerization usually leads to irregular, highly cross-linked, and brittle polymer networks with broad thermal polymer phase transitions. Here, the synthesis of mono- and difunctional β-allyl sulfones is described, and those substances are introduced as potent addition-fragmentation chain transfer (AFCT) reagents leading to dimethacrylate networks with tunable properties. By controlling the content and functionality of said AFCT reagents, it is possible to achieve more homogeneous networks with a narrow glass transition and an adjustable glass transition temperature (T_g), rubber modulus of elasticity (E_r), and network d. In contrast to dimethacrylate networks containing monomethacrylates as reactive diluents, the network architecture of the β-allyl sulfone-based dimethacrylate networks is more homogeneous and the tunability of thermal and mech. properties is much more enhanced. The reactivity and polymerization were investigated using laser flash photolysis, photo-DSC, and NMR, while DMTA and swellability tests were performed to characterize the polymer. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1Application of 109-17-1).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Application of 109-17-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Highly β(Z)-Selective Hydrosilylation of Terminal Alkynes Catalyzed by Thiolate-Bridged Dirhodium Complexes was written by Zhao, Xiangyu;Yang, Dawei;Zhang, Yahui;Wang, Baomin;Qu, Jingping. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2018.Application In Synthesis of Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate This article mentions the following:

A series of novel monothiolate-bridged dirhodium complexes, [Cp^*Rh(μ-SR)(μ-Cl)₂RhCp^*][BF₄] {Cp^* = η⁵-C₅Me₅, R = tert-Bu (^tBu), 1a; R = ferrocenyl (Fc), 1b; R = adamantyl (Ad), 1c} were designed and successfully synthesized, which can smoothly facilitate highly regioselective and stereoselective hydrosilylation of terminal alkynes to afford β(Z) vinylsilanes with good functional group compatibility. Furthermore, the hydride bridged dirhodium complex [Cp^*Rh(μ-S^tBu)(μ-Cl)(μ-H)RhCp^*][BF₄] (5) as a potential intermediate was obtained by the reaction of 1a with excess HSiEt₃. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2Application In Synthesis of Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Application In Synthesis of Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synchronous characterization of carbohydrates and ginsenosides yields deeper insights into the processing chemistry of ginseng was written by Zhou, Shan-Shan;Xu, Jun;Kong, Ming;Yip, Ka-Man;Xu, Jin-Di;Shen, Hong;Zhao, Zhong-Zhen;Li, Song-Lin;Chen, Hu-Biao. And the article was included in Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis in 2017.COA of Formula: C6H14O6 This article mentions the following:

Carbohydrates and ginsenosides in ginseng are biol. interrelated. Their synchronous anal. is therefore essential in chem. research on ginseng to characterize its “holistic” quality. Here we investigated the processing chem. of red ginseng (RG), a ginseng product processed by water-steaming, for which both carbohydrates and ginsenosides were qual. and quant. determined through multiple anal. techniques. Results revealed that the steam-processing not only qual. and quant. altered the ginsenosides but also affected the polymeric carbohydrates via changing their physiochem. parameters, i.e. water-solubility, mol. size, types and ratios of constituent monosaccharides. Potential mechanisms involved in the transformation of ginseng chems. are proposed and discussed, including hydrolysis (deglycosylation, demalonylation, deacetylation), dehydration, polymerization, volatilization, reduction and the Maillard reaction. The study strengthens the research on the processing chem. of RG, and therefore should be helpful for elucidating the scientific basis of RG preparation and application. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate (cas: 10030-85-0COA of Formula: C6H14O6).

(2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate (cas: 10030-85-0) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.COA of Formula: C6H14O6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Dynamics-Driven Controlled Polymerization to Synthesize Fully Renewable Poly(ester-ether)s was written by Wang, Rui;Zhang, Houyu;Jiang, Min;Wang, Zhipeng;Zhou, Guangyuan. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2022.COA of Formula: C4H10O3 This article mentions the following:

Producing aromatic poly(ester-ether)s from completely renewable feedstocks is almost inaccessible via existing ring-opening polymerization or melt polycondensation methods. Herein, we report a practical strategy to synthesize fully bio-based poly(ester-ether)s in a one-pot/two-component manner via industrial melt polycondensation. The polymerization process was controlled by applying Sc(OTf)₃ as a catalyst and bio-based 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol as the substrate template to afford poly(ester-ether)s with a controlled oligoethylene glycol segment in the range from 10 to 92%. Studying the mechanism and model kinetics of Sc(OTf)₃-catalyzed etherification reactions provided complete insights into the formation process and impetus of poly(ester-ether)s, validating that a “butterfly effect” occurred in the reaction process. In contrast to flexible conventional polyethers, computational studies revealed that the unique rigidity of the etherification moiety leads to superior thermal and mech. properties of poly(ester-ether)s. This synthetic protocol demonstrates applicability and versatility, exemplified by using various bio-based diacids/diesters to synthesize a series of poly(ester-ether)s. We envisage that this work will improve the privileged position that renewable poly(ester-ether)s hold as functional materials and broaden their applicability in diverse fields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6COA of Formula: C4H10O3).

2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.COA of Formula: C4H10O3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

KF/clinoptilolite NPs: An efficient and heterogeneous catalyst for chemoselective silylation of alcohols and phenols was written by Oladee, Razieh;Zareyee, Daryoush;Khalilzadeh, Mohammad A.. And the article was included in Phosphorus, Sulfur and Silicon and the Related Elements in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 1777-82-8 This article mentions the following:

Potassium fluoride incorporated on clinoptilolite nanoparticles (KF/CP NPs) by ion exchanging is found to be an effective and inexpensive heterogeneous nanocatalyst for chemoselective silylation of alcs. and phenols with 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) at room temperature Nano-powder of clinoptilolite (CP) was prepared using a planetary ball mill mech. method and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses. Almost all of products were obtained in high yields as well as short reaction times and the catalyst was also reused eight times without loss of its catalytic activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8HPLC of Formula: 1777-82-8).

(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.HPLC of Formula: 1777-82-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Solvent-Dependent Assembly of Terphenyl- and Quaterphenyldithiol on Gold and Gallium Arsenide was written by Krapchetov, Dmitry A.;Ma, Hong;Jen, Alex K. Y.;Fischer, Daniel A.;Loo, Yueh-Lin. And the article was included in Langmuir in 2005.SDS of cas: 29364-29-2 This article mentions the following:

The assembly of terphenyldithiol (TPDT) and quaterphenyldithiol (QPDT) on Au and Ga arsenide from EtOH, THF, and solutions consisting of both solvents was characterized by near-edge x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. The surface coverage and the average orientation of both TPDT and QPDT on Au are solvent-independent. These mols. readily form monolayers on Au with an ensemble-average backbone tilt of 30 ± 3° from the substrate normal. In sharp contrast, the assembly of TPDT and QPDT on Ga arsenide is extremely solvent-sensitive. At high EtOH fractions, both mols. form monolayers with an ensemble-average orientation that is indistinguishable from those on Au substrates. At low EtOH fractions and in pure THF, however, these mols. are disordered on Ga arsenide and the surface coverage is poor. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2SDS of cas: 29364-29-2).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.SDS of cas: 29364-29-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Structure-activity relationships (SAR) and structure-kinetic relationships (SKR) of bicyclic heteroaromatic acetic acids as potent CRTh2 antagonists III: The role of a hydrogen-bond acceptor in long receptor residence times was written by Alonso, Juan Antonio;Andres, Miriam;Bravo, Monica;Buil, Maria Antonia;Calbet, Marta;Castro, Jordi;Eastwood, Paul R.;Esteve, Cristina;Ferrer, Manel;Forns, Pilar;Gomez, Elena;Gonzalez, Jacob;Lozoya, Estrella;Mir, Marta;Moreno, Imma;Petit, Silvia;Roberts, Richard S.;Sevilla, Sara;Vidal, Bernat;Vidal, Laura;Vilaseca, Pere. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2014.Quality Control of (2-Bromo-5-chlorophenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

The correct positioning and orientation of an hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) in the tail portion of the biaryl series of CRTh2 antagonists is a requirement for long receptor residence time. The HBA in combination with a small steric substituent in the core section (R^core ≠ H) gives access to compounds with dissociation half-lives of ≥24 h. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2-Bromo-5-chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 60666-70-8Quality Control of (2-Bromo-5-chlorophenyl)methanol).

(2-Bromo-5-chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 60666-70-8) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Quality Control of (2-Bromo-5-chlorophenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Infused aqueous curry tea extracts ameliorate N^ω-Nitro-L-Arginine Methyl Ester-induced liver dysfunction in male albino Wistar rats was written by Ani, Franklin Ime;Nabofa, Enivwenaye Egide Williams;Omobowale, Temidayo Olutayo;Ajuzie, Nnenna Choice;Ajemigbitse, Jubilee;Oyagbemi, Ademola Adetokunbo;Attah, Alfred Francis;Adeoye, Bolade Kikelomo;Azubuike-Osu, Sharon Oluchukwu;Adedapo, Adeolu Alex;Alada, Abdul Rasak Akinola. And the article was included in Journal of Food Biochemistry in 2022.Product Details of 149-32-6 This article mentions the following:

Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng.(Rutaceae) has been reported to pos. affect liver function. However, the effect of M. koenigii leaves on Nω-Nitro-L-Arginine Me Ester (L-NAME) induced liver dysfunction is unknown. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate the effect of M.koenigii leaves as tea on L-NAME induced liver dysfunction. Two variants of curry tea were formulated; one was formulated entirely from leaves of M. koenigii, the other was formulated with thaumatin-rich aril obtained from seeds of Thaumatococcus danielii (Benn.) Benth. (Marantaceae). Group I animals served as control and were untreated. Groups II and V animals were administered curry tea (CT). Group III and VI animals received curry-thaumatin tea (CTT). Concurrently, L-NAME (40 mg/kg) was administered to groups IV-VI resp. for 21 days. Blood and liver samples were collected at the end of the study for biochem., histol., and immunohistochem. anal. L-NAME induced liver dysfunction evidenced by liver histol., increased activities of ALT, AST, hyperlipidemia, hepatic oxidative stress and increased hepatic NF-kB expression. Administration of CT and CTT ameliorated the L-NAME induced liver dysfunction evidenced by liver histol., increased NO hepatic bioavailability, reduced activity of ALT and AST, increased hepatic antioxidant system and decreased hepatic NF-kB expression. Thaumatin taste/flavor enhancer did not significantly reduce or potentiate the hepatoprotective, antioxidant and anti-lipidemic property of aqueous curry tea extracts in rats. L-NAME impaired liver function in rats. CT and CTT interfered with the ability of L-NAME to inhibit NO synthesis which was associated with ameliorated hepatic dysfunction. The study reports that non-selective inhibition of nitric oxide by L-NAME in rats impairs liver function and formulated curry tea types interfered with the ability of L-NAME to inhibit NO synthesis which was associated with ameliorated hepatic dysfunction in rats. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6Product Details of 149-32-6).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Product Details of 149-32-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Activity Comparison of Epigenetic Modulators against the Hemoprotozoan Parasites Babesia divergens and Plasmodium falciparum was written by Vanheer, Leen N.;Kafsack, Bjorn F. C.. And the article was included in ACS Infectious Diseases in 2021.Product Details of 10083-24-6 This article mentions the following:

Babesiosis is a tick-borne parasitic disease of humans and livestock that has dramatically increased in frequency and geog. range over the past few decades. Infection of cattle often causes large economic losses, and human infection can be fatal in immunocompromised patients. Unlike for malaria, another disease caused by hemoprotozoan parasites, limited treatment options exist for Babesia infections. As epigenetic regulation is a promising target for new antiparasitic drugs, we screened 324 epigenetic inhibitors against Babesia divergens blood stages and identified 75 (23%) and 17 (5%) compounds that displayed ≥90% inhibition at 10 and 1μM, resp., including over a dozen compounds with activity in the low nanomolar range. We observed differential activity of some inhibitor classes against Babesia divergens and Plasmodium falciparum parasites and identified pairs of compounds with a high difference in activity despite a high similarity in chem. structure, highlighting new insights into the development of epigenetic inhibitors as antiparasitic drugs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Product Details of 10083-24-6).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Product Details of 10083-24-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Redox-Neutral Cross-Coupling Amination with Weak N-Nucleophiles: Arylation of Anilines, Sulfonamides, Sulfoximines, Carbamates and Imines via Nickelaelectrocatalysis was written by Zhu, Chen;Kale, Ajit Prabhakar;Yue, Huifeng;Rueping, Magnus. And the article was included in JACS Au in 2021.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

A nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling amination of aryl halides/aryl tosylates with weak nitrogen nucleophiles including anilines, sulfonamides, sulfoximines, carbamates and imines via concerted paired electrolysis was described to provide substituted amines Ar¹NHAr² [Ar¹ = 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-NCC₆H₄, 4-tBuC₆H₄, etc.; Ar² = Ph, 2-naphthyl, 4-MeC₆H₄, etc.] and aryl sulfonamides Ar³NRSO₂R¹ [Ar³ = 2-MeC₆H₄, 4-NCC₆H₄, 4-tBuC₆H₄, etc.; R = H, Me R¹ = Me, Bn, 4-MeC₆H₄, etc.]. Notably, electron-deficient anilines and sulfonamides were also suitable substrates. Interestingly, when benzophenone imine was applied in the arylation, the product selectivity toward the formation of amine and imine product could be addressed by a base switch. In addition, the a.c. mode could be successfully applied. DFT calculations supported a facilitated reductive elimination pathway. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts