Author: tianli

Natural cellulose fibers from Quinoa wastes reinforced carbon nanotube/ZnO bio-nanocomposite as a novel recyclable catalyst for oxidation reaction was written by Naeimi, Atena;Khoshkam, Sibgol;Eslaminejad, Touba. And the article was included in Polymer Bulletin (Heidelberg, Germany) in 2022.Computed Properties of C7H6Cl2O This article mentions the following:

Cellulose fibers from Quinoa wastes were successfully incorporated with multi-walled carbon nanotubes/ZnO (MWCNTs/ZnO). Manganese complex was supported on natural cellulose and reacted with MWCNT/Zn bio-nanocomposite to have MWCNT/ZnO/Mn complex@oxidized cellulose. This novel bio-nanocomposite was characterized by SEM, TEM, FT-IR, TGA, and EDS. The catalytic activity of this composite was considered on the oxidation of alcs. High conversion and selectivities of desired aldehyde and ketone products were obtained applying H2O2 and under solvent-free conditions. This heterogeneous catalyst was easily recycled and reused eight times without any significant catalytic activities and stabilities. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8Computed Properties of C7H6Cl2O).

(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Computed Properties of C7H6Cl2O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Photoredox-Catalyzed Allylic Defluorinative Alkoxycarbonylation of Trifluoromethyl Alkenes through Intermolecular Alkoxycarbonyl Radical Addition was written by Wang, Jia-Xin;Ge, Wei;Fu, Ming-Chen;Fu, Yao. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2022.Computed Properties of C10H20O This article mentions the following:

Herein, a photoredox-catalyzed allylic defluorinative alkoxycarbonylation of trifluoromethyl alkenes ArC(CF₃):CH₂ (Ar = 4-BrC₆H₄, naphthalen-2-yl, 6-methoxypyridin-3-yl, etc.) enabled by intermol. alkoxycarbonyl radical addition is disclosed. A wide variety of alc. oxalate derivatives ROC(O)CO₂H (R = Me, t-Bu, cyclopentyl, L-menthyl, N-Boc-piperidin-4-yl, etc.) was amenable, affording various β-gem-difluoroalkene esters ArC(:CF₂)CH₂COOR with excellent functional group tolerance. Notably, the potential synthetic value of this method is highlighted by successful late-stage modification for bioactive mols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5Computed Properties of C10H20O).

(1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Computed Properties of C10H20O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Impact of glycol-based solvents on indoor air quality-Artificial fog and exposure pathways of formaldehyde and various carbonyls was written by Guo, Xinyang;Ehindero, Toluwatise;Lau, Chester;Zhao, Ran. And the article was included in Indoor Air in 2022.Related Products of 57-55-6 This article mentions the following:

Artificial fog is commonly employed in the entertainment industry and indoor household celebrations. The fog is generated from glycol-based solvents, which can also be found in e-cigarettes and personal care products. Although potential health impacts of glycol inhalation are frequently cited by studies of e-cigarette smoking, the dynamics and the chem. composition of glycol-based aerosols have never been studied systematically. The objective of this work is to investigate the impact of glycol-based aerosol on indoor air quality. Specifically, we targeted artificial fogs generated with common glycols, including propylene glycol (PG) and triethylene glycol (TEG). With the aid of a novel aerosol collecting and monitoring instrument setup, we obtained time-resolved aerosol profiles and their chem. compositions in an exptl. room. Artificial fog has given rise to a significant amount of ultra-fine particulate matter, demonstrating its neg. impact on indoor air quality. Addnl., we found a high concentration (9.75 mM) of formaldehyde and other carbonyls in fog machine fluids stored for months. These compounds are introduced to the indoor air upon artificial fog application. We propose that carbonyls have accumulated from the oxidative decomposition of glycols, initiated by OH radicals and singlet oxygens (¹O₂) and likely sustained by autoxidation Oxidation of glycols by indoor oxidants has never been reported previously. Such chem. processes can represent an unrecognized source of toxic carbonyl compounds which is also applicable to other glycol-based solvents. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6Related Products of 57-55-6).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Related Products of 57-55-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Physicochemical properties of calcium lactate prepared by single-phase aragonite precipitated calcium carbonate was written by Cheong, Sun Hee. And the article was included in Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences in 2016.Formula: C6H20CaO11 This article mentions the following:

This study sought to prepare calcium lactate using precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) by reacting lactic acid and then investigated the formation yield and physicochem. properties of synthetic calcium lactate by Fourier Transform IR Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermogravimetric-DTA (TG-DTA) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The strong OH valence band of calcium lactate prepared by PCC in the 3000∼3500 cm-1 region of the FT-IR spectra showed very low intensity. Also it was found that the characteristic carbonyl band was observed at approx. 1500∼1750 cm-1 (C=O stretching) and 1300∼1400 cm-1 (C-H bending), resp. The diffraction profile of synthetic calcium lactate prepared by PCC showed a typical diffraction pattern for a crystalline solid. The TG-DTA curve of calcium lactate showed a rapid decrease at 200∼400 °C due to the m.p. of calcium lactate, which was about 240 °C. In particular, the curve had a second decrease at 600∼800 °C due to the decarbonation of calcium oxide. As for SEM images, calcium lactate using PCC existed as plate-like crystals with smooth surface. These results indicated that calcium lactate pentahydrate was formed by reacting between PCC and lactic acid. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5Formula: C6H20CaO11).

Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Formula: C6H20CaO11

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Cyanamide as a Highly Efficient Organocatalyst for the Glycolysis Recycling of PET was written by Wang, Zishuai;Jin, Yu;Wang, Yaoqiang;Tang, Zequn;Wang, Shaojie;Xiao, Gang;Su, Haijia. And the article was included in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering in 2022.Synthetic Route of C4H10O3 This article mentions the following:

Due to the antibiodegradable properties, numerous plastics have been accumulated in the ecosystem and aggravate ecol. pollution. Poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is among the most used plastics. Glycolysis of PET is a useful approach to solve the waste PET pollution and obtain bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate (BHET). In this paper, waste PET was efficiently depolymerized through glycolysis catalyzed by cyanamide. In particular, compared with the previously reported catalyst, cyanamide is more readily available and can be used directly in catalysis without a complex preparation process. Under optimal conditions, PET was completely depolymerized with up to nearly 100% BHET yield. Even at a temperature as low as 150°C, a good BHET yield can be obtained. The application potential of this glycolysis procedure was demonstrated by its excellent performance in the glycolysis of various real PET wastes like transparent and opaque PET samples and polyester foam and by the high quality of the obtained BHET products. The mechanism was studied by ¹H NMR anal., and DFT calculations showed that the higher activity of cyanamide than its trimer, melamine, is due to the stronger hydrogen bonds formed between cyanamide and PET or ethylene glycol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6Synthetic Route of C4H10O3).

2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Synthetic Route of C4H10O3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

The effect of renal and hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics of ospemifene, a tissue-selective estrogen agonist/antagonist. was written by Preston, Richard A;Marbury, Thomas C;Wajima, Toshihiro;Graham, Shelli. And the article was included in American journal of therapeutics in 2015.Electric Literature of C24H23ClO2 This article mentions the following:

Ospemifene is a nonestrogen tissue-selective estrogen agonist/antagonist approved to treat moderate to severe dyspareunia due to vulvar and vaginal atrophy in postmenopausal women. Three single-dose, open-label, parallel-group pharmacokinetic studies examined the pharmacokinetics of ospemifene in postmenopausal women with (1) mild hepatic impairment (n = 7), (2) moderate hepatic impairment (n = 8), and (3) severe renal impairment (n = 8) compared with a similar number of matched healthy controls. The study durations ranged from 8 to 12 days. Study participants received a single oral dose of ospemifene 60 mg on day 1 and blood samples were collected serially. The geometric mean ratios (hepatic or renal impairment/healthy) and 90% confidence intervals (CIs) for area under the concentration-time curve from time 0 extrapolated to infinity (AUC0-∞) and maximum concentration (Cmax), respectively, of ospemifene were 90.86% (90% CI, 65.95%-125.19%) and 79.48% (90% CI, 65.95%-95.79%) in the mild hepatic impairment study; 128.62% (90% CI, 87.13%-189.88%) and 101.12% (90% CI, 66.17%-154.52%) in the moderate hepatic impairment study, and 119.63% (90% CI, 81.37%-175.88%) and 79.30% (90% CI, 52.85%-118.99%) in the severe renal impairment study. Overall, there was no clinically important effect of hepatic or renal impairment on the pharmacokinetics of ospemifene, indicating that dosing does not need to be adjusted in postmenopausal women with mild or moderate hepatic impairment or in subjects with severe renal impairment. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Electric Literature of C24H23ClO2).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Electric Literature of C24H23ClO2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Carbamoyl Pyridone HIV-1 Integrase Inhibitors 3. A Diastereomeric Approach to Chiral Nonracemic Tricyclic Ring Systems and the Discovery of Dolutegravir (S/GSK1349572) and (S/GSK1265744) was written by Johns, Brian A.;Kawasuji, Takashi;Weatherhead, Jason G.;Taishi, Teruhiko;Temelkoff, David P.;Yoshida, Hiroshi;Akiyama, Toshiyuki;Taoda, Yoshiyuki;Murai, Hitoshi;Kiyama, Ryuichi;Fuji, Masahiro;Tanimoto, Norihiko;Jeffrey, Jerry;Foster, Scott A.;Yoshinaga, Tomokazu;Seki, Takahiro;Kobayashi, Masanori;Sato, Akihiko;Johnson, Matthew N.;Garvey, Edward P.;Fujiwara, Tamio. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2013.Recommanded Product: 5856-63-3 This article mentions the following:

We report herein the discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) integrase inhibitors dolutegravir (S/GSK1349572) (3, III) and S/GSK1265744 (4, IV). These drugs stem from a series of carbamoyl pyridone analogs designed using a two-metal chelation model of the integrase catalytic active site. Structure-activity studies evolved a tricyclic series of carbamoyl pyridines that demonstrated properties indicative of once-daily dosing and superior potency against resistant viral strains. An inherent hemiaminal ring fusion stereocenter within the tricyclic carbamoyl pyridone scaffold led to a critical substrate controlled diastereoselective synthetic strategy whereby chiral information from small readily available amino alcs. was employed to control relative and absolute stereochem. of the final drug candidates. Modest to extremely high levels of stereochem. control were observed depending on ring size and position of the stereocenter. This approach resulted in the discovery of 3 and 4, which are currently in clin. development. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Recommanded Product: 5856-63-3).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Recommanded Product: 5856-63-3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Production of flavor compounds from rice bran by yeasts metabolisms of Kluyveromyces marxianus and Debaryomyces hansenii was written by Guneser, Onur;Yuceer, Yonca Karagul;Hosoglu, Muge Isleten;Togay, Sine Ozmen;Elibol, Murat. And the article was included in Brazilian Journal of Microbiology in 2022.COA of Formula: C8H16O This article mentions the following:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the biosynthesis of flavor compounds from rice bran by fermentation facilitated by Kluyveromyces marxianus and Debaryomyces hansenii. The growth of both yeasts was assessed by specific growth rates and doubling time. The biosynthesis of flavor compounds was evaluated by gas chromatog.-olfactometry (GC-O), gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and Spectrum sensory anal. The specific growth rate (μ) and doubling time (td) of K. marxianus was calculated as 0.16/h and 4.21h, resp., whereas that of D. hansenii was determined as 0.13/h and 5.33h, resp. K. marxianus and D. hansenii produced significant levels of higher alcs. and acetate esters from rice bran. Results showed that K. marxianus can produce 827.27μg/kg of isoamyl alc., 169.77μg/kg of Ph Et alc., and 216.08μg/kg of Ph Et acetate after 24-h batch fermentation A significant amount of isovaleric acid was also synthesized by K. marxianus (4013μg/kg) after the batch fermentation of 96 h. 415.64μg/kg of isoamyl alc. and 135.77μg/kg of Ph Et acetate was determined in rice bran fermented by D. hansenii after 24-h fermentation Fermented cereals and rose were the characteristic flavor descriptors of the fermented rice bran samples. Rose flavor in fermented rice bran samples was found to be associated with Ph Et alc., Ph Et acetate, isoamyl acetate, and guaiacol. Thus, the findings of this study demonstrate that the valorization of rice bran can be achieved with the production of natural flavor compounds by yeast metabolism In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4COA of Formula: C8H16O).

Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.COA of Formula: C8H16O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Thyme essential oil nano-emulsion/Tamarind starch/Whey protein concentrate novel edible films for tomato packaging was written by Ghoshal, Gargi;Shivani. And the article was included in Food Control in 2022.Related Products of 499-75-2 This article mentions the following:

The aim of the present study was to prepare the thyme essential oil (TEO) nano-emulsion (5, 10, 15 and 20%) incorporated edible composite films using tamarind starch (TS), whey protein concentrate (WPC) at selected proportions. Impact on phys., mech. and barrier properties of the composite films was investigated. The average particle size of nano-emulsions was found to be 18.88 nm and PDI value of 0.304. Carvacrol (41.29%), thymol (26.31%) and p-cymene (10.63%) were the main chem. compounds determined using GC-MS study. With the incorporation of WPC and TEO into film, water gain, and solubility of the films improved significantly to enhance the shelf life of tomato till 14 days. Synergistic effect of WPC and TEO significantly improved the tensile strength and elongation properties of the films. The inhibition zone was found to be (53.33 ± 2.60) mm for S.aureus and (39.86 ± 3.12) mm for E.coli at 20% TEO. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Related Products of 499-75-2).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Related Products of 499-75-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Combined treatment of ginsenoside Rg2 and piceatannol mixture reduces the apoptosis and DNA damage induced by UVB in HaCaT cells was written by Jeong, Seula;Chung, Yuheon;Park, Sojin;Lee, Sumin;Choi, Nayoung;Park, Jong Kun. And the article was included in Molecular & Cellular Toxicology.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

UV B (UVB), a major cause of skin photoaging, leads to DNA damage directly and indirectly in skin cells. DNA damage can contribute to aging by increasing apoptosis, cellular senescence and cell dysfunction. To prevent photoaging and rejuvenate photoaged skin, combinations of active compounds from natural products are used for medicine and cosmetic ingredients. In this study, we investigated the synergistic efects of Rg2 and piceatannol (PIC) mixture (RP) on protecting skin against UVB-induced DNA damage in HaCaT cells. Cells treated with RP for 24 h post UVB exposure increased the cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner compared to non-treated control. In DPPH and DCF-DA assay, RP showed similar free radical scavenging activity to that of single-treatment PIC. RP more decreased the levels of CPD, DDR proteins including p53, p-p53 and p21 and apoptosisrelated proteins, such as Bax, Bim, and cleaved caspase-7 than that of single-treatment PIC or Rg2. Also, RP decreased more the mRNA level of MMP-1, -3 and -9 than that of single-treatment PIC or Rg2. It is inferred that Rg2 promotes DNA repair by regulating genes related with DDR and PIC promotes DNA repair by efectively scavenging UVB-induced ROS through high antioxidant activity. Enhanced DNA repair by RP leads to protecting skin from UVB-induced skin photoaging. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts