Month: February 2023

Substrate-Assisted, Transition-Metal-Free Diboration of Alkynamides with Mixed Diboron: Regio- and Stereoselective Access to trans-1,2-Vinyldiboronates was written by Verma, Astha;Snead, Russell F.;Dai, Yumin;Slebodnick, Carla;Yang, Yinuo;Yu, Haizhu;Yao, Fu;Santos, Webster L.. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2017.Application In Synthesis of 2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine This article mentions the following:

A substrate-assisted diboration of alkynamides using the unsym. pinacolato-1,8-diaminonaphthalenato diboron (pinBBdan) is described. The transition-metal-free reaction proceeds in a regio- and stereoselective fashion to exclusively afford trans-vinyldiboronates in good to excellent yields. Notably, Bdan and Bpin are installed on the α- and β-carbon atoms, resp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine (cas: 1214264-88-6Application In Synthesis of 2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine).

2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine (cas: 1214264-88-6) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Application In Synthesis of 2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Cryptococcus laurentii as a new biocatalyst for the asymmetric reduction of substituted acetophenones was written by Kurbanoglu, Esabi B.;Zilbeyaz, Kani;Kurbanoglu, Namudar I.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron: Asymmetry in 2011.Quality Control of (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol This article mentions the following:

Immobilized cells of the yeast Cryptococcus laurentii attached to calcium alginate have been introduced as a biocatalyst in the asym. reduction of substituted acetophenones. Forty isolates of microorganisms belonging to this taxonomical yeast group were isolated from various samples. Immobilized cells of these isolates were screened as reducing agents for acetophenone 1a to its corresponding alc. 1b. The four best isolates were selected and identified as Rhodotorula glutinis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Hansenula capsulata and C. laurentii by the VITEK 2 compact system. The use of the first three microorganisms is well known and therefore it was decided to explore C. laurentii as a new biocatalyst in organic reactions. The aim was to determine whether C. laurentii could be used to catalyze the bio-reduction of ketones to obtain the (R)- or (S)-isomer of the alc. with high enantiomeric purity. The isolate C. laurentii EBK-19 was selected for further experiments and studied in detail. More than 70% of the ketones tested were obtained with almost complete conversion (100%), while all the ketones tested were converted to the corresponding (S)-isomer-alcs. in up to > 99% enantiomeric excess (ee) under very mild reaction conditions. Amongst the chiral alcs. obtained, the enantiopure 1b obtained from the complete conversion of 1a using C. laurentii EBK-19 was produced on a large scale (9.3 g) using an immobilized cell reaction system. In conclusion, we have presented C. laurentii as a promising biocatalyst for the production of optically active phenylethanols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4Quality Control of (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Quality Control of (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Structural Diversities of Silver(I) Coordination Compounds with Flexible Dithioether Ligands Based upon Changing the Ligand Spacers was written by Li, Jian-Rong;Zhang, Ruo-Hua;Bu, Xian-He. And the article was included in Crystal Growth & Design in 2003.SDS of cas: 29364-29-2 This article mentions the following:

To study the influences of ligand spacers of flexible bis(thioether) bridging ligands on the framework formations of their complexes, six new Ag^I coordination compounds with structurally related bis(tert-butylthio)alkane ligands, Lⁿ = Me₃CS-(CH₂)_n-SCMe₃ where n = 1-6, [(AgL¹)ClO₄]_n (1), {[Ag(L²)_1.5]ClO₄}_n (2), [(AgL³)ClO₄]₂ (3), {[Ag(L⁴)_1.5]ClO₄}_n (4), [(AgL⁵)ClO₄]₂ (5), and {[Ag(L⁶)_1.5]ClO₄}_n (6), were synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental anal., IR, ¹H NMR spectra, and x-ray crystallog. In 1, the Ag^I centers are linked by bridging L¹ to form a 1-dimensional (1-D) zigzag chain, and 2 has an extended two-dimensional (2-D) (6,3) topol. array with hexagonal 30-membered macrometallacycles. Complexes 3 and 5 show similar discrete dinuclear structures. Complexes 4 and 6 consist of single-double bridging chains in which dinuclear macrometallacycles are further linked by single bridging L ligands. The differences among these structures indicate that the spacers of ligands have important effects on the framework formation of their Ag^I complexes, and this presents a feasible way for controlling the structures of such complexes by modifying the ligand spacers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2SDS of cas: 29364-29-2).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.SDS of cas: 29364-29-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Development of an N-Terminal BRD4 Bromodomain-Targeted Degrader was written by Divakaran, Anand;Scholtz, Cole R.;Zahid, Huda;Lin, Wenwei;Griffith, Elizabeth C.;Lee, Richard E.;Chen, Taosheng;Harki, Daniel A.;Pomerantz, William C. K.. And the article was included in ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2022.Synthetic Route of C10H14O This article mentions the following:

Targeted protein degradation is a powerful induced-proximity tool to control cellular protein concentrations using small mols. However, the design of selective degraders remains empirical. Among bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) family proteins, BRD4 is the primary therapeutic target over family members BRD2/3/T. Existing strategies for selective BRD4 degradation use pan-BET inhibitors optimized for BRD4:E3 ubiquitin ligase (E3) ternary complex formation, but these result in residual inhibition of undegraded BET-bromodomains by the pan-BET ligand, obscuring BRD4-degradation phenotypes. Using our selective inhibitor of the first BRD4 bromodomain, iBRD4-BD1 (I) (IC₅₀ = 12 nM, 23- to 6200-fold intra-BET selectivity), we developed dBRD4-BD1 to selectively degrade BRD4 (DC₅₀ = 280 nM). Notably, dBRD4-BD1 upregulates BRD2/3, a result not observed with degraders using pan-BET ligands. Designing BRD4 selectivity up front enables anal. of BRD4 biol. without wider BET-inhibition and simplifies designing BRD4-selective heterobifunctional mols., such as degraders with new E3 recruiting ligands or for addnl. probes beyond degraders. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Synthetic Route of C10H14O).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Synthetic Route of C10H14O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Metabolomics analysis of freeze-thaw tolerance enhancement mechanism of ε-poly-L-lysine on industrial yeast was written by Lu, Lu;Zhu, Ke-Xue;Yang, Zhen;Guo, Xiao-Na;Xing, Jun-Jie. And the article was included in Food Chemistry in 2022.Name: (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol This article mentions the following:

Antimicrobial polycationic peptide ε-poly-L-lysine (ε-PL) enhanced the freeze-thaw tolerance of industrial yeast; the enhancement mechanism of ε-PL on yeast was studied. The results showed that a ε-PL coating was observed in ε-PL-treated yeast. After 4 times of freeze-thaw, the cell viability, glycerol content, and CO2 production of 0.6 mg/mL ε-PL-treated yeast were higher than those of untreated yeast, specifically, the cell viability of ε-PL-treated yeast was 87.6%, and that of untreated yeast was 68.5%. Metabolomic results showed that the enhancement mechanism of ε-PL on yeast was related to the promotion of cell membrane-related fatty acid synthesis pathways before freeze-thaw treatment, and the promotion of biosynthesis and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways after freeze-thaw. Furthermore, ε-PL induced inhibition of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, resulting in a longer stationary phase at the beginning of the freeze-thaw and ultimately providing a higher level of freeze-thaw stress tolerance than untreated yeast. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6Name: (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Name: (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Antioxidant Activity of Piceatannol in Canola Oil was written by He, Wen-Sen;Rui, Jiaxin;Wang, Qingzhi;Chen, Zhen-Yu. And the article was included in European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology in 2021.Application In Synthesis of (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol This article mentions the following:

Piceatannol has shown to be a strong antioxidant in vivo, however, its ability to suppress lipid oxidation in foods has not been examined The present study is to examine the antioxidant effect of piceatannol on heated canola oil compared with that of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). The oxidation of canola oil is conducted at 60, 90, 120, and 150°C by monitoring the depletion of oxygen, the decrease in unsaturated fatty acids, and the changes of primary and secondary oxidation products. Results demonstrated that piceatannol can suppress lipid oxidation of canola oil in a dose-dependent manner with its effect being more effective than BHT. Practical Applications: Lipid oxidation is a major factor in the deterioration of food quality. Synthetic antioxidants, such as BHT and butylated hydroxyanisole, are used to inhibit oxidation in foods, but their safety has been always concerned. Piceatannol has exhibited a strong antioxidant activity to attenuate lipid oxidation and it should be further explored for use as a natural antioxidant in foods. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Application In Synthesis of (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Application In Synthesis of (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

The chiral boronate-catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of various aromatic ketones to high-value alcohols: Preparation and spectroscopic studies was written by Kilic, Ahmet;Durgun, Mustafa;Durap, Feyyaz;Aydemir, Murat. And the article was included in Journal of Organometallic Chemistry in 2019.COA of Formula: C4H11NO This article mentions the following:

The synthesis, spectroscopic studies and catalytic evaluation of the novel chiral salen ligands and their chiral boronate I and II [R = Bu, Ph, 3,5-difluoromethylphenyl, ferrocenyl] complexes was studied. Initially, the reaction of 5-azidomethyl salicylaldehyde and (R)-(-)-2-amino-1-butanol in absolute ethanol afforded a new chiral azide salen ligand. Then, a novel chiral salen ligand triazole derivative was prepared from chiral salen azide derivative for the synthesis of boronate complexes II through click reaction approach under ambient conditions. The reaction of chiral ligands with various boronic acids afforded a new tetra-coordinated mononuclear chiral boronate complexes I and II. All the compounds were remarkably stable crystalline solids and were obtained in good yields. For the full characterization of newly synthesized chiral salen ligands and their boronate complexes, the FT-IR, UV-Vis, NMR (¹H, ¹³C and ¹¹B), LC-MS and elemental anal. techniques were used. The well-shaped chiral boronate compounds were investigated as catalyst for the asym. transfer hydrogenation (ATH) of aromatic ketones under appropriate settings. Particularly, it was proved that the ferrocene-based boronate compounds afforded an efficient catalytic conversion compared to the other boronate complexes in the asym. transfer hydrogenation catalytic studies. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3COA of Formula: C4H11NO).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.COA of Formula: C4H11NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Drug discovery based on the structure of FKBPs: design, synthesis and evaluation of L-1,4-thiazane-3-carboxylic acid derivatives as neuroimmunophilin ligands was written by Nie, Ai Hua;Xiao, Jun Hai;Liu, Hong Ying;Li, Li Wang;Li, Song. And the article was included in Chinese Chemical Letters in 2005.Computed Properties of C9H9F3O This article mentions the following:

Based on the structure of FK506, FKBP12 and calcineurin complex and the interactive characteristics of small mol. ligands with FK-506-binding proteins (FKBPs), a series of L-tetrahydro-1,4-thiazine-3-carboxylic acid derivatives I [X = O, R = PhCH₂NMeCH₂CH₂, PhCH:CHCH₂, 3-cyclohexylpropyl, 4-O₂NC₆H₄CH₂, etc.; X = NH, R = Me₂CHCH₂CH(CO₂Et), PhCH₂CH(CO₂CH₂Ph), etc.] was designed and synthesized as neuroimmunophilin ligands. The results of evaluation show that I [X = O; R = (PhCH₂OCH₂)₂CH] (N308) has a great promise as a candidate of neuroprotective and neuroregenerative agent. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol (cas: 94022-96-5Computed Properties of C9H9F3O).

2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol (cas: 94022-96-5) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Computed Properties of C9H9F3O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Eugenol and carvacrol attenuate brain D-galactose-induced aging-related oxidative alterations in rats was written by El-Far, Ali H.;Mohamed, Hadeer H.;Elsabagh, Doaa A.;Mohamed, Shymaa A.;Noreldin, Ahmed E.;Al Jaouni, Soad K.;Alsenosy, Abdelwahab A.. And the article was included in Environmental Science and Pollution Research in 2022.Computed Properties of C10H14O This article mentions the following:

Aging represents the accumulation of progressive changes in a human being over time and can cover phys., psychol., and social changes. It is an oxidative stress-associated process that progresses with age. The antioxidant activity of either eugenol (EU) or carvacrol (CAR) for aging in rats induced by D-gal for 42 days was investigated in the current study using 10 and 20 mg of EU/kg/day/orally, while CAR was supplemented by 40 and 80 mg /kg/day/orally. Biochem., mRNA expression, and histopathol. assessments of brain samples evaluated the oxidative alterations induced by D-gal and the protective role of EU and CAR. Results showed that D-gal was causing oxidative alternation of the brain that was recognized via upregulation of p53 and p21 mRNA expression levels, as aging markers and Bax mRNA expression level, as an apoptotic marker. Also, the results observed alterations in the levels of biochem. markers as creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and triacylglycerol (TAG), besides, enhancement of brain antioxidant capacity. Finally, these results compared with the groups treated with EU and CAR to observe that the EU and CAR potentially attenuate these aging-related oxidative alterations in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, we can conclude that EU and CAR supplementations are considered promising natural protective compounds that could delay aging and maintain health. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Computed Properties of C10H14O).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Computed Properties of C10H14O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Conductance based sensing and analysis of soluble phosphates in wastewater was written by Warwick, Christopher;Guerreiro, Antonio;Gomez-Caballero, Alberto;Wood, Elizabeth;Kitson, James;Robinson, James;Soares, Ana. And the article was included in Biosensors & Bioelectronics in 2014.Electric Literature of C10H14O5 This article mentions the following:

The current standard method used for measuring soluble phosphate in environmental water samples is based on a colorimetric approach, developed in the early 1960s. In order to provide an alternative, label free sensing solution, a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was designed to function as a phosphate receptor. A combination of functional monomer (N-allylthiourea), cross-linker and monomer/template ratios were optimized in order to maximise the binding capacity for phosphate. When produced in membrane format, the MIP’s ability to produce a reversible change in conductance in the presence of phosphate was explored for fabrication of a sensor which was able to selectively detect the presence of phosphate compared to sulfate, nitrate and chloride. In wastewater samples the sensor had a limit of detection of 0.16 mg P/l, and a linear range between 0.66 and 8 mg P/l. This is below the min. monitoring level (1 mg P/l) as required by current legislation for wastewater discharges, making the sensor as developed promising for direct quantification of phosphate in environmental monitoring applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Electric Literature of C10H14O5).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Electric Literature of C10H14O5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts