Month: February 2023

Characterisation of the volatile profile of microalgae and cyanobacteria using solid-phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry was written by Moran, Lara;Bou, Gemma;Aldai, Noelia;Ciardi, Martina;Morillas-Espana, Ainoa;Sanchez-Zurano, Ana;Barron, Luis Javier R.;Lafarga, Tomas. And the article was included in Scientific Reports in 2022.Synthetic Route of C8H16O This article mentions the following:

Microalgae and microalgae-derived ingredients are one of the top trends in the food industry. However, consumers acceptance and purchase intention of a product will be largely affected by odor and flavor. Surprisingly, the scientific literature present a very limited number of studies on the volatile composition of microalgae and cyanobacteria. In order to fill the gap, the main objective of the present study was to elucidate the volatile composition of seven microalgal and cyanobacterial strains from marine and freshwaters, with interest for the food industry while establishing its potential impact in odor. Among the seven selected strains, Arthrospira platensis showed the highest abundance and chem. diversity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Aldehydes, ketones, and alcs. were the families with the highest diversity of individual compounds, except in Arthrospira platensis and Scenedesmus almeriensis that showed a profile dominated by branched hydrocarbons. Marine strains presented a higher abundance of sulfur compounds than freshwater strains, while the ketones individual profile seemed to be more related to the taxonomical domain. The results of this study indicate that the VOCs composition is mainly driven by the individual strain although some volatile profile characteristics could be influenced by both environmental and taxonomical factors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4Synthetic Route of C8H16O).

Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Synthetic Route of C8H16O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

New chiral metal cluster systems for catalytic asymmetric syntheses of chiral alcohols was written by Li, Yan-yun;Chen, Jian-shan;Yang, Chuan-bo;Dong, Zhen-rong;Li, Bao-zhu;Zhang, Hui;Gao, Jing-xing;Takao, Ikariya. And the article was included in Chemical Research in Chinese Universities in 2004.Name: (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol This article mentions the following:

Efficient chiral Ru₃(CO)₁₂ systems were prepared in situ from Ru₃(CO)₁₂ and various chiral diimino- or diamino-diphosphine tetradentate ligands ((S,S)- and (R,R)-1,2-bis[[[2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl]methylene]amino]cyclohexane, -1,2-bis[[[2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl]methyl]amino]cyclohexane, -2-Ph₂PC₆H₄CH:NCHPhCHPhN:CHC₆H₄PPh₂-2 and -2-Ph₂PC₆H₄CH₂NHCHPhCHPhNHCH₂C₆H₄PPh₂-2), the preparation of which is described. The systems were used for the asym. transfer hydrogenation of propiophenone in iso-PrOH, leading to 1-phenyl-1-propanol in a 98% yield and 96% ee. The IR study suggests that the carbonyl hydride anion [HRu₃(CO)₁₁]^– most probably exists as a principal species under the reaction conditions. The high chiral efficiency may be due to the synergetic effect produced by the neighboring Ru atoms and a special chiral micro-environment involving the polydentate ligand and the Ru₃ framework. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9Name: (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol).

(R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Name: (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of bismaleate pentaerythritol ester and its application as PVC auxiliary heat stabilizer was written by Gao, Xinxin;Jiang, Pingping;Zhang, Zheming;Li, Zhenhua;Li, Yuchao;Leng, Yan;Zhang, Pingbo. And the article was included in Journal of Applied Polymer Science in 2022.Related Products of 111-46-6 This article mentions the following:

Diethylene glycol and maleic anhydride are used as raw materials to prepare bismaleic acid dibasic acid without catalyst. This intermediate product reacts with pentaerythritol (PER) to obtain bismaleate pentaerythritol (MDPP) as an auxiliary heat stabilizer. The structure of the product was verified by Fourier IR test and hydrogen nuclear magnetic spectrum anal. The ether bond, ester group, carbon-carbon double bond, polyol, and other characteristic structures contained in the mol. can improve thermal stability. Therefore, it can be used as an auxiliary heat stabilizer for PVC and used in combination with the main heat stabilizer. In order to verify the thermal stability performance and further analyze the thermal stability mechanism, testing methods such as thermal aging, Congo red, thermal weight loss, and elec. conductivity were adopted. The results show that when MDPP is added together with calcium/zinc stearate, the thermal stability of PVC is the best. The initial whiteness can reach 40 min, and the static stabilization time is 65 min, which is 15 min higher than the PVC sample with PER and calcium/zinc stearate. It can be seen that MDPP has greatly improved performance compared with the com. auxiliary heat stabilizer PER. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6Related Products of 111-46-6).

2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Related Products of 111-46-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Probing the Catalytic Promiscuity of a Regio- and Stereospecific C-Glycosyltransferase from Mangifera indica was written by Chen, Dawei;Chen, Ridao;Wang, Ruishan;Li, Jianhua;Xie, Kebo;Bian, Chuancai;Sun, Lili;Zhang, Xiaolin;Liu, Jimei;Yang, Lin;Ye, Fei;Yu, Xiaoming;Dai, Jungui. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2015.SDS of cas: 1634-34-0 This article mentions the following:

The catalytic promiscuity of the novel benzophenone C-glycosyltransferase, MiCGT, which is involved in the biosynthesis of mangiferin from Mangifera indica, was explored. MiCGT exhibited a robust capability to regio- and stereospecific C-glycosylation of 35 structurally diverse druglike scaffolds and simple phenolics with UDP-glucose, and also formed O- and N-glycosides. Moreover, MiCGT was able to generate C-xylosides with UDP-xylose. The OGT-reversibility of MiCGT was also exploited to generate C-glucosides with simple sugar donor. Three aryl-C-glycosides exhibited potent SGLT2 inhibitory activities with IC₅₀ values of 2.6 ×, 7.6 ×, and 7.6 × 10^-7 M, resp. These findings demonstrate for the first time the significant potential of an enzymic approach to diversification through C-glycosidation of bioactive natural and unnatural products in drug discovery. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone (cas: 1634-34-0SDS of cas: 1634-34-0).

2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone (cas: 1634-34-0) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.SDS of cas: 1634-34-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis and application of chiral N,N’-dialkylated cyclohexanediamine for asymmetric hydrogenation of aryl ketones was written by Ma, Meng-Lin;Ren, Chuan-Hong;Lv, Ya-Jing;Chen, Hua;Li, Xian-Jun. And the article was included in Chinese Chemical Letters in 2011.Product Details of 171032-87-4 This article mentions the following:

Chiral N,N’-dialkylated cyclohexanediamine derived ligands were synthesized and used in the asym. hydrogenation of aryl ketones. Optically active alcs. with up to 90% enantiomeric excess were obtained in high yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4Product Details of 171032-87-4).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Product Details of 171032-87-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Enantioselective hydrogenation of aromatic ketones: structural effects was written by Hess, Reto;Mallat, Tamas;Baiker, Alfons. And the article was included in Journal of Catalysis in 2003.Safety of (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol This article mentions the following:

Enantioselective hydrogenation of acetophenone derivatives demonstrates the potential of the Pt-cinchona system in the synthesis of chiral alcs. that possess no functional group in the α-position to the CH-OH group. Electron-withdrawing functional groups in the aromatic ring increased the reaction rate and enantiomeric excess (ee), and the position of the group (o-, m-, or p-) was also important. In the hydrogenation of 3,5-di(trifluoromethyl)acetophenone under ambient conditions, 60% ee was obtained, though the special role of reaction parameters has not been investigated yet. Addition of cinchonidine slowed down all hydrogenation reactions-an unprecedented behavior for chirally modified Pt. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4Safety of (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Safety of (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

An Improved Synthesis of 4-O-Benzoyl-2,2-difluorooleandrose from L-Rhamnose. Factors Determining the Synthesis of 2,2-Difluoro-Carbohydrates from 2-Uloses was written by Barrena, M. Isabel;Matheu, M. Isabel;Castillon, Sergio. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1998.COA of Formula: C6H14O6 This article mentions the following:

4-O-Benzoyl-2,2-difluorooleandrose I has been synthesized from L-rhamnose via DAST difluorination of ulose II followed by chemoselective etherification. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate (cas: 10030-85-0COA of Formula: C6H14O6).

(2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate (cas: 10030-85-0) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.COA of Formula: C6H14O6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Structural hybridization of pyrrolidine-based T-type calcium channel inhibitors and exploration of their analgesic effects in a neuropathic pain model was written by Son, Woo Seung;Jeong, Kyu-Sung;Lim, Sang Min;Pae, Ae Nim. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2019.Recommanded Product: 2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol This article mentions the following:

Highly effective and safe drugs for the treatment of neuropathic pain are urgently required and it was shown that blocking T-type calcium channels can be a promising strategy for drug development for neuropathic pain. We have developed pyrrolidine-based T-type calcium channel inhibitors by structural hybridization and subsequent assessment of in vitro activities against Ca_v3.1 and Ca_v3.2 channels. Profiling of in vitro ADME properties of compounds was also carried out. The representative compound 17h showed comparable in vivo efficacy to gabapentin in the SNL model, which indicates T-type calcium channel inhibitors can be developed as effective therapeutics for neuropathic pain. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6Recommanded Product: 2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol).

2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Recommanded Product: 2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Simple conversion of 3D electrospun nanofibrous cellulose acetate into a mechanically robust nanocomposite cellulose/calcium scaffold was written by Lee, Joshua;Moon, Joon Yeon;Lee, Jeong Chan;Hwang, Tae In;Park, Chan Hee;Kim, Cheol Sang. And the article was included in Carbohydrate Polymers in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 5743-47-5 This article mentions the following:

Cellulose and its derivatives are widely used as nanofibrous biomaterials, but obtaining 3D cellulose nanofibers is difficult and relevant research is scarce. In the present study, we propose a simple method for converting electrospun 3D cellulose acetate/lactic acid nanofibers via calcium hydroxide treatment into a 3D cellulose/calcium lactate nanocomposite matrix. The conversion resulted in producing a stronger nanofibrous matrix (1.382 MPa vs. 0.112 MPa) that is more hydrophilic and cell-friendly compared to the untreated cellulose acetate/lactic acid group. The successful conversion was verified via FTIR, XPS, TGA, DTG, and XRD. The ability of the scaffolds to provide a suitable environment for cell growth and infiltration was verified by CCK assay and confocal microscopy. The porous nature, mech. strength, and presence of calcium make the 3D cellulose/calcium lactate matrix a promising material for bone tissue engineering. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5HPLC of Formula: 5743-47-5).

Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.HPLC of Formula: 5743-47-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Implications of mistletoe parasitism for the host metabolome: A new plant identity in the forest canopy was written by Lazaro-Gonzalez, Alba;Gargallo-Garriga, Albert;Hodar, Jose Antonio;Sardans, Jordi;Oravec, Michal;Urban, Otmar;Penuelas, Josep;Zamora, Regino. And the article was included in Plant, Cell & Environment in 2021.Application In Synthesis of Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate This article mentions the following:

Mistletoe-host systems exemplify an intimate and chronic relationship where mistletoes represent protracted stress for hosts, causing long-lasting impact. Although host changes in morphol. and reproductive traits due to parasitism are well known, shifts in their physiol. system, altering metabolite concentrations, are less known due to the difficulty of quantification. Here, we use ecometabolomic techniques in the plant-plant interaction, comparing the complete metabolome of the leaves from mistletoe (Viscum album) and needles from their host (Pinus nigra), both parasitized and unparasitized, to elucidate host responses to plant parasitism. Our results show that mistletoe acquires metabolites basically from the primary metabolism of its host and synthesizes its own defense compounds In response to mistletoe parasitism, pines modify a quarter of their metabolome over the year, making the pine canopy metabolome more homogeneous by reducing the seasonal shifts in top-down stratification. Overall, host pines increase antioxidant metabolites, suggesting oxidative stress, and also increase part of the metabolites required by mistletoe, which act as a permanent sink of host resources. In conclusion, by exerting biotic stress and thereby causing permanent systemic change, mistletoe parasitism generates a new host-plant metabolic identity available in forest canopy, which could have notable ecol. consequences in the forest ecosystem. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6Application In Synthesis of Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate).

Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Application In Synthesis of Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts