Month: February 2023

Photocleavage of Covalently Immobilized Amphiphilic Block Copolymer: From Bilayer to Monolayer was written by Gungor, Eda;Armani, Andrea M.. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2016.Reference of 60463-12-9 This article mentions the following:

We developed and verified a method to create a photocleavable smart surface. Using the grafting to approach, we covalently attached an intelligently designed tailor-made diblock copolymer to a silicon wafer. The photocleavable moiety, o-nitrobenzyl (ONB) ester, was integrated into the copolymer at the junction point between the hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and the hydrophobic polystyrene (PS) chains. The well-defined azide bearing amphiphilic block copolymer was synthesized via a general stepwise strategy that combines atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC), ending with azidation. The azide end-functionalized copolymer chains were covalently bound to the alkyne-immobilized silicon wafer by CuAAC. The smart surface was exposed to UV irradiation, resulting in photocleavage of the grafted ONB linker. As a result of the photocleavage and subsequent removal of the o-nitrosobenzaldehyde bearing PEO, the PS layer remained on the surface. To confirm the behavior, film thickness and wettability changes were investigated before and after UV irradiation using AFM and contact angle measurements. Integration of photocleavable polymers through covalent grafting to solid surfaces contributes responsiveness to such materials that can find a wide array of applications in advanced devices. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9Reference of 60463-12-9).

3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Reference of 60463-12-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chemical constituents of Cassia abbreviata and their anti-HIV-1 activity was written by Yang, Xianwen;He, Zhihui;Zheng, Yue;Wang, Ning;Mulinge, Martin;Schmit, Jean-Claude;Steinmetz, Andre;Seguin-Devaux, Carole. And the article was included in Molecules in 2021.Recommanded Product: 10083-24-6 This article mentions the following:

Three new (1-3) and 25 known compounds were isolated from the crude extract of Cassia abbreviata. The chem. structures of new compounds were established by extensive spectroscopic analyses including 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS. Cassiabrevone (1) is the first heterodimer of guibourtinidol and planchol A. Compound 2 was a new chalcane, while 3 was a new naphthalene. Cassiabrevone (1), guibourtinidol-(4α→8)-epiafzelechin (4), taxifolin (8), oleanolic acid (17), piceatannol (22), and palmitic acid (28), exhibited potent anti-HIV-1 activity with IC₅₀ values of 11.89 μM, 15.39 μM, 49.04 μM, 7.95 μM, 3.58 μM, and 15.97 μM, resp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Recommanded Product: 10083-24-6).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Recommanded Product: 10083-24-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Structure and activity of the constituents of the flotation pine oils was written by Desalbres, L.. And the article was included in Rev. ind. minérale in 1956.Quality Control of rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate This article mentions the following:

Pine oil is widely used in flotation processes. The foaming activity of a pine oil is bound to the presence of terpenic alcs. in C₁₀H₁₈O. The average chem. analysis of pine oils gives: tertiary alcs.:terpineols 60-70%, secondary alcs.:borneol-fenchol 15-20%, hydrocarbons 10-20%. The structural diagrams of these and their subgroups are given. The tertiary hydroxyl group is the most active; then the secondary groups and ether oxides; the ethylenic hydrocarbons have no activity. No exact relation exists between the solubility and the foaming power within a given group. At 15°, 2.1 g. of terpineol is needed to saturate 1 g. of water, 1 g. of menthanol, 0.44 g. of borneol; menthanol foams the most. The surface activity of a mol. has no relation to its foaming activity: a saturated menthanol sol at 15° has a surface tension of 38 dynes/cm., a saturated terpineol sol of 39 dynes/cm. For the same concentration, the menthanol gives a much greater volume of foam. It is the same with the hydrocarbons: saturated cymene sol has a surface tension of 52, of terpinene 51 dynes/cm., but the cymene is nonfoaming while terpinene is. The foaming activity of a mol. seems to be connected therefore to an assembly of characters of a functional and structural order. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6Quality Control of rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate).

rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Quality Control of rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

2-Hydroxymethylpyridines: 2-(hydroxymethyl)pyridine, 2-methyl-6-(hydroxymethyl)pyridine, and 2,6-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyridine) was written by Chumakov, Yu. I.;Stolyarov, Z. E.. And the article was included in Metody Polucheniya Khimicheskikh Reaktivov i Preparatov in 1963.HPLC of Formula: 1122-71-0 This article mentions the following:

2-(α-Acetoxymethyl)pyridines hydrolyzed with 10% NaOH at 100° 6 hrs. produced the corresponding title compounds (I), (II), and (III), resp. The reaction mixture was extracted with CH₂Cl₂ or CHCl₃ and the solvent removed by distillation The residue distilled in vacuo yielded 67-9% I, b₁₅ 108-9°, n²⁰_D 1.5430; picrate m. 157.5-58°. In the similar manner II gave 60% yield, b₅ 80-1°, n²⁰_D 1.5390. III, m. 114-14.5°, was obtained in 60% yield by recrystallization from C₆H₆. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0HPLC of Formula: 1122-71-0).

6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.HPLC of Formula: 1122-71-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of organic sulfobetaine-based polymer gel electrolyte for dye-sensitized solar cell application was written by Tarannum, Nazia;Varishetty, Madhu Mohan. And the article was included in Polymers for Advanced Technologies in 2017.Application In Synthesis of Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate This article mentions the following:

The authors synthesized eco-friendly, economic, and equally efficient polysulfobetaine-based gel electrolyte to the alternative of liquid electrolyte in the fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) for the 1st time. This N-rich and highly conductive polysulfobetaine was synthesized by an easy and facile method without the use of any catalyst and explored for its DSSC application. The synthesized polymer gel electrolyte exhibited good ionic conductivity ∼6.8 × 10^-3 S cm^-1 at ambient temperatures DSSCs were fabricated based on this polysulfobetaine gel electrolyte and studied for their performance based on photovoltaic parameters. The DSSC photovoltaic results were appreciable and are Voc = 0.82 V, Jsc = 11.49 mA/cm², FF = 66%, and PCE = 6.26% at 1 sun intensity. These values are slightly lower than conventional liquid electrolyte-based DSSC shown as Voc = 0.78 V, Jsc = 12.90 mA/cm², FF = 69%, and PCE = 7.07%, both at 100 mW cm^-2. Conductivity and photovoltaic parameters of the device reveals that as prepared polysulfobetaine-based polymer gel electrolyte may be useful in the fabrication of DSSC and other electrochem. devices. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Application In Synthesis of Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Application In Synthesis of Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Using COSMO-RS to Predict Hansen Solubility Parameters was written by Wojeicchowski, Jose Pedro;Ferreira, Ana M.;Okura, Tifany;Pinheiro Rolemberg, Marlus;Mafra, Marcos R.;Coutinho, Joao A. P.. And the article was included in Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research in 2022.COA of Formula: C3H8O2 This article mentions the following:

Hansen solubility parameters (HSP) provide essential information on the nature of solvents, being a useful tool in their selection for product and process design. In this work, linear models were developed to estimate HSP based on the use of COSMO-RS (conductor-like screening model for realistic solvents) descriptors. Hansen solubility parameters for 195 compounds were obtained from the literature and classified into two categories: training set (133 compounds) and testing set (62 compounds). Then a factorial regression was carried out to predict dispersion, hydrogen-bonding interaction, and polar contribution of HSP (δ_D, δ_H, and δ_P, resp.) based on σ-moments and energy COSMO-RS descriptors. The description of the dispersion contribution was the least successful due to the low variability of the exptl. data, despite the database containing compounds of a widely different chem. nature. The models obtained proved to be more than simple math. equations since a phys. meaning is achieved when COSMO-RS descriptors are used. The models developed were then applied to the test database. An excellent performance was observed, with δ_H showing the highest R² (0.90), and the MAE obtained were 0.98, 1.74, and 1.44 MPa^1/2 for δ_D, δ_H, and δ_P, resp., which are lower than those found in previous works. Finally, HSP data for caffeine, nicotine, paracetamol, and D-camphor were estimated The results were close to the literature data and those predictive by the HSPiP software. Moreover, it was shown that δ_P and δ_H drive the mols.’ polarity, impacting their log K_ow (a quant. measure of polarity). This work shows that COSMO-RS descriptors are a tool to predict HSP through linear models, opening new doors in the screening, design, and selection of solvents to be used in chem. processes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6COA of Formula: C3H8O2).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.COA of Formula: C3H8O2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of Aryl-Substituted 3,3a,4,5-Tetrahydropyrrolo[1,2-a] quinolin-1(2H)-ones and 2,3,4,4a,5,6-Hexahydro-1H-pyrido[1,2-a]quinolin-1-ones was written by Watts, Field M.;Bunce, Richard A.. And the article was included in Synthesis in 2019.Name: (3-Methyl-2-nitrophenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

A new route to the title benzo-fused angular tricyclic amides 3,3a,4,5-tetrahydropyrrolo- and 2,3,4,4a,5,6-hexahydro-1 H-pyrido[1,2- a]quinolin-1-ones is reported from 1-( tert-butyl) 6-Et 3-oxohexanedioate and 1-( tert-butyl) 7-Et 3-oxoheptanedioate. Alkylation of these β-keto diesters with a series of 2-nitrobenzyl bromides followed by acid hydrolysis and decarboxylation gives Et 6-(2-nitrophenyl)-4-oxohexanoates and Et 7-(2-nitrophenyl)-5-oxoheptanoates, resp. Reductive amination under hydrogenation conditions followed by ester hydrolysis and condensative ring closure affords the final lactam products. The reactions proceed cleanly and only two chromatog. purifications are required. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (3-Methyl-2-nitrophenyl)methanol (cas: 80866-76-8Name: (3-Methyl-2-nitrophenyl)methanol).

(3-Methyl-2-nitrophenyl)methanol (cas: 80866-76-8) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Name: (3-Methyl-2-nitrophenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Comprehensive chocolate aroma characterization in beverages containing jackfruit seed flours and cocoa powder was written by Spada, Fernanda Papa;de Alencar, Severino Matias;Purgatto, Eduardo. And the article was included in Future Foods in 2022.Computed Properties of C10H20O This article mentions the following:

Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam) occurs abundantly in Brazil, but its seeds are often underutilized in food nutrition. Previously, we showed that roasted jackfruit seeds are an innovative source of chocolate aroma. In this study, we characterized the volatile content of exptl. beverages containing jackfruit seed flours as compared to non-alk. cocoa powder. The three key results of this study were that (i) the fermented jackfruit seed flour beverage (FJSBev) was similar to the non-alk. cocoa powder beverage (CTRLBev); (ii) similar volatile groups (acids, alcs., aldehydes, ester, furans, and pyrazines) were identified in the samples (FJSBev and CTRLBev); (iii) the beverages contained volatile compounds with a low threshold of cocoa attributes (butter, cocoa, coffee, floral, fruit, green, honey, mushroom, nut, and roasted). To conclude, the beverage formulation containing fermented jackfruit seeds had more volatile compounds and odor-active constituents than that with non-alk. cocoa powder. Collectively, our data demonstrate that fermentation is critical to producing a chocolate aroma. Fermented jackfruit seed flours could be used as a partial or total additive to improve chocolate aroma in food formulations. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5Computed Properties of C10H20O).

(1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Computed Properties of C10H20O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Halomonas montanilacus sp. nov., isolated from hypersaline Lake Pengyanco on the Tibetan Plateau was written by Lu, Huibin;Xing, Peng;Zhai, Lei;Li, Huabing;Wu, Qinglong. And the article was included in International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology in 2020.Product Details of 10030-85-0 This article mentions the following:

A Gram-stain-neg., catalase- and oxidase-pos., aerobic, rod-shaped, motile strain (PYC7WT) was isolated from Lake Pengyanco on the Tibetan Plateau. Comparisons based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain PYC7WT belongs to the genus Halomonas, with Halomonas malpeensis YU-PRIM-29T and Halomonas johnsoniae T68687T as its closest neighbors (96.8 and 96.6% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity, resp.), and only 93.1% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Halomonas elongata ATCC 33173T. The predominant respiratory quinone of strain PYC7WT is Q-9, with Q-8 as a minor component. The major fatty acids are C18:1 ω6c and / or C18:1 ω7c, C16:0, C16:1 ω6c and/or C16:1 ω7c, and C12:0 3OH. The polar lipids of strain PYC7WT include phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and two unidentified phospholipids. Genome sequencing revealed a genome size of 4.79 Mbp and a G+C content of 62.9 mol%. DNA-DNA hybridization values of strain PYC7WT showed 45, 30 and 38% relatedness with Halomonas johnsoniae DSM 21197T, Halomonas hamiltonii DSM 21196T and Halomonas stevensii DSM 21198T, resp. Combining phenotypic, biochem., genotypic and DNA-DNA hybridization data, we propose that strain PYC7WT represents a novel species within the genus Halomonas and to have the name Halomonas montanilacus sp. nov.; PYC7WT (=CICC 24506T= KCTC 62529T) is the type strain. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate (cas: 10030-85-0Product Details of 10030-85-0).

(2R,3R,4S,5S)-2,3,4,5-tetrahydroxyhexanal hydrate (cas: 10030-85-0) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Product Details of 10030-85-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts