Month: February 2023

Photocleavage of Covalently Immobilized Amphiphilic Block Copolymer: From Bilayer to Monolayer was written by Gungor, Eda;Armani, Andrea M.. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2016.Reference of 60463-12-9 This article mentions the following:

We developed and verified a method to create a photocleavable smart surface. Using the grafting to approach, we covalently attached an intelligently designed tailor-made diblock copolymer to a silicon wafer. The photocleavable moiety, o-nitrobenzyl (ONB) ester, was integrated into the copolymer at the junction point between the hydrophilic poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) and the hydrophobic polystyrene (PS) chains. The well-defined azide bearing amphiphilic block copolymer was synthesized via a general stepwise strategy that combines atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and copper(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction (CuAAC), ending with azidation. The azide end-functionalized copolymer chains were covalently bound to the alkyne-immobilized silicon wafer by CuAAC. The smart surface was exposed to UV irradiation, resulting in photocleavage of the grafted ONB linker. As a result of the photocleavage and subsequent removal of the o-nitrosobenzaldehyde bearing PEO, the PS layer remained on the surface. To confirm the behavior, film thickness and wettability changes were investigated before and after UV irradiation using AFM and contact angle measurements. Integration of photocleavable polymers through covalent grafting to solid surfaces contributes responsiveness to such materials that can find a wide array of applications in advanced devices. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9Reference of 60463-12-9).

3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Reference of 60463-12-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chemical constituents of Cassia abbreviata and their anti-HIV-1 activity was written by Yang, Xianwen;He, Zhihui;Zheng, Yue;Wang, Ning;Mulinge, Martin;Schmit, Jean-Claude;Steinmetz, Andre;Seguin-Devaux, Carole. And the article was included in Molecules in 2021.Recommanded Product: 10083-24-6 This article mentions the following:

Three new (1-3) and 25 known compounds were isolated from the crude extract of Cassia abbreviata. The chem. structures of new compounds were established by extensive spectroscopic analyses including 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS. Cassiabrevone (1) is the first heterodimer of guibourtinidol and planchol A. Compound 2 was a new chalcane, while 3 was a new naphthalene. Cassiabrevone (1), guibourtinidol-(4伪鈫?)-epiafzelechin (4), taxifolin (8), oleanolic acid (17), piceatannol (22), and palmitic acid (28), exhibited potent anti-HIV-1 activity with IC₅₀ values of 11.89 渭M, 15.39 渭M, 49.04 渭M, 7.95 渭M, 3.58 渭M, and 15.97 渭M, resp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Recommanded Product: 10083-24-6).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R鈥昈鈭?. For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Recommanded Product: 10083-24-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

2-Hydroxymethylpyridines: 2-(hydroxymethyl)pyridine, 2-methyl-6-(hydroxymethyl)pyridine, and 2,6-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyridine) was written by Chumakov, Yu. I.;Stolyarov, Z. E.. And the article was included in Metody Polucheniya Khimicheskikh Reaktivov i Preparatov in 1963.HPLC of Formula: 1122-71-0 This article mentions the following:

2-(伪-Acetoxymethyl)pyridines hydrolyzed with 10% NaOH at 100掳 6 hrs. produced the corresponding title compounds (I), (II), and (III), resp. The reaction mixture was extracted with CH₂Cl₂ or CHCl₃ and the solvent removed by distillation The residue distilled in vacuo yielded 67-9% I, b₁₅ 108-9掳, n²⁰_D 1.5430; picrate m. 157.5-58掳. In the similar manner II gave 60% yield, b₅ 80-1掳, n²⁰_D 1.5390. III, m. 114-14.5掳, was obtained in 60% yield by recrystallization from C₆H₆. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0HPLC of Formula: 1122-71-0).

6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.HPLC of Formula: 1122-71-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis of organic sulfobetaine-based polymer gel electrolyte for dye-sensitized solar cell application was written by Tarannum, Nazia;Varishetty, Madhu Mohan. And the article was included in Polymers for Advanced Technologies in 2017.Application In Synthesis of Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate This article mentions the following:

The authors synthesized eco-friendly, economic, and equally efficient polysulfobetaine-based gel electrolyte to the alternative of liquid electrolyte in the fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) for the 1st time. This N-rich and highly conductive polysulfobetaine was synthesized by an easy and facile method without the use of any catalyst and explored for its DSSC application. The synthesized polymer gel electrolyte exhibited good ionic conductivity 鈭?.8 脳 10^-3 S cm^-1 at ambient temperatures DSSCs were fabricated based on this polysulfobetaine gel electrolyte and studied for their performance based on photovoltaic parameters. The DSSC photovoltaic results were appreciable and are Voc = 0.82 V, Jsc = 11.49 mA/cm², FF = 66%, and PCE = 6.26% at 1 sun intensity. These values are slightly lower than conventional liquid electrolyte-based DSSC shown as Voc = 0.78 V, Jsc = 12.90 mA/cm², FF = 69%, and PCE = 7.07%, both at 100 mW cm^-2. Conductivity and photovoltaic parameters of the device reveals that as prepared polysulfobetaine-based polymer gel electrolyte may be useful in the fabrication of DSSC and other electrochem. devices. Copyright 漏 2017 John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Application In Synthesis of Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Application In Synthesis of Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Preparation of Natural Rubber Composites with High Silica Contents Using a Wet Mixing Process was written by Phumnok, Ekaroek;Khongprom, Parinya;Ratanawilai, Sukritthira. And the article was included in ACS Omega in 2022.Application of 111-46-6 This article mentions the following:

A wet mixing process is proposed for filled rubber composites with a high silica loading to overcome the drawbacks of high energy consumption and workplace contamination of the conventional dry mixing process. Ball milling was adopted for preparing the silica dispersion because it has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and is a low-cost process that can be easily scaled up for industrial production The response surface methodol. was used to optimize the making of the silica dispersion. The optimum conditions for a well-dispersed silica suspension with the smallest silica particle size of 4.9 mm were an about 22% silica content and 62 h of ball milling. The effects of dry and wet mixing methods on the properties of silica-filled rubber composites were investigated in a broad range of silica levels from low to high loadings. The mixing method choice had little impact on the properties of rubber composites with low silica loadings. The silica-filled rubber demonstrated in this study, however, shows superior characteristics over the rubber composite prepared with conventional dry mixing, particularly with high silica loadings. When compared to silica-filled natural rubbers prepared by dry mixing (dry silica rubber, DSR), the wet mixing (for WSR) produced smaller silica aggregates with better dispersion. Due to the shorter heat history, the WSR exhibits superior curing characteristics such as a longer scorch time (2.2-3.3 min for WSR and 1.0-2.1 min for DSR) and curing time (4.1-4.5 min for WSR and 2.2-3.1 min for DSR). Addnl., the WSR has superior mech. properties (hardness, modulus, tensile strength, and especially the elongation at break (420-680% for WSR and 360-620% DSR)) over the DSR. The rolling resistance of WSR is lower than that of DSR. However, the reversed trend on the wet skid resistance is observed In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6Application of 111-46-6).

2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Application of 111-46-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

An enantioselective potentiometric sensor for 2-amino-1-butanol based on chiral porous organic cage CC3-R was written by Wang, Bang-Jin;Duan, Ai-Hong;Zhang, Jun-Hui;Xie, Sheng-Ming;Cao, Qiu-E.;Yuan, Li-Ming. And the article was included in Molecules in 2019.Synthetic Route of C4H11NO This article mentions the following:

Porous organic cages (POCs) have attracted extensive attention due to their unique structures and tremendous application potential in numerous areas. In this study, an enantioselective potentiometric sensor composed of a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) membrane electrode modified with CC3-R POC material was used for the recognition of enantiomers of 2-amino-1-butanol. After optimization, the developed sensor exhibited enantioselectivity toward S-2-amino-1-butanol (log KPotS,R = -0.98) with acceptable sensitivity, and a near-Nernstian response of 25.8 ± 0.3 mV/decade within a pH range of 6.0-9.0. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Synthetic Route of C4H11NO).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Synthetic Route of C4H11NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

The synthesis of soluble and volatile bioactive compounds by selected brewer′s yeasts: Antagonistic effect against enteropathogenic bacteria and food spoiler – toxigenic Aspergillus sp. was written by Sampaolesi, Sofia;Briand, Laura E.;De Antoni, Graciela;Leon Pelaez, Angela. And the article was included in Food Chemistry: X in 2022.Synthetic Route of C4H10O4 This article mentions the following:

Contamination by Aspergillus sp. and the accumulation of its mycotoxins in food and beverages have a high impact on human health and food safety. This investigation inquires the ability of brewer′s yeasts discarded after fermentation (brewing fermentation residue, BFR) to synthesize bioactive compounds and to biocontrol Aspergillus sp. BFRs of Saccharomyces cerevisiae MBELGA62 and Pichia kudriavzevii MBELGA61 proved to have bacteriostatic properties and to be efficient in fungal growth reduction, decreasing the growth rate of Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus up to 37.8% and 42.5%, resp. Fungal mycelium degradation along with absentia of conidia was detected near the yeast inoculum. Moreover, the yeasts synthesize volatile bioactive compounds that extend Aspergillus sp. lag phase above 100% and decrease fungal growth rates from 20% towards 44%, along with the complete inhibition of conidia synthesis. These results indicate the potential of this residue to be used in biocontrol applications in the food industry. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6Synthetic Route of C4H10O4).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Synthetic Route of C4H10O4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Transfer of hydrosulfide from thiols to iron(II): a convenient synthetic route to nonheme diiron(II)-hydrosulfide complexes was written by Pal, Nabhendu;Majumdar, Amit. And the article was included in Dalton Transactions in 2019.Recommanded Product: 29364-29-2 This article mentions the following:

While the attempted synthesis of diiron(II)-hydrosulfide complexes using HS^– produced an insoluble precipitate, the reaction of Fe(BF₄)₂·6H₂O, Et₃N and HN-Et-HPTB with RSH (R = ^tBu, CH₂Ph) yielded the desired complex, [Fe₂(N-Et-HPTB)(SH)(H₂O)](BF₄)₂ (1a). The synthesis, one electron oxidation and dioxygen activity of 1a in comparison with an analogous chloride complex, [Fe₂(N-Et-HPTB)(Cl)(DMF)₂](BF₄)₂ (2), are described. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2Recommanded Product: 29364-29-2).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Recommanded Product: 29364-29-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Evaluation of usage three natural extracts applied to three commercial wood species against five common molds was written by Salem, Mohamed Z. M.;Zidan, Yassin E.;El Hadidi, Nesrin M. N.;Mansour, Maisa M. A.;Abo Elgat, Wael A. A.. And the article was included in International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation in 2016.Recommanded Product: 2451-01-6 This article mentions the following:

Natural extracts have become of high interest in the past ten years for their inhibiting the growth of molds over wood and wood products surfaces in service or during the storage of building materials. In the present study, the antifungal effects of three natural extracts applied to three woods against five common molds were assessed. The growth of fungal hyphae of Alternaria alternata, Fusarium subglutinans, Chaetomium globosum, Aspergillus niger, and Trichoderma viride on the surfaces of Pinus sylvestris, Pinus rigida and Fagus sylvatica woods treated with extracts of Pinusrigida (heartwood), Eucalyptus camaldulensis (leaves) and Costus speciosus (rhizomes) was visually estimated GC/MS and FTIR analyses were used to identify the chem. constituents and the functional groups of extracts a-terpineol (24.91%), borneol (10.95%), terpin hydrate (9.60%), D-fenchyl alc. (5.99%), and limonene glycol (5.05%), which are the main constituents of P. rigida heartwood methanol extract The main chem. compounds of methanol extract from Eucalyptuscamaldulensis leaves were spathulenol (18.89%), cryptone (5.79%), 4,6,6-trimethyl-2-(3-methylbuta-1,3-dienyl)-3-oxatricyclo[5.1.0.0(2,4)]octane (5.79%), (3,3-dimethylcyclohexylidene)-(E)-acetaldehyde (5.57%), and ascaridole (4.32%). The main constituents identified in the distilled water extract from Costusspeciosus rhizomes were meso-erythritol (12.21%), methyl-2-methyl-1,3-oxothiolan-2-yl-ketone (11.61%), (all-Z)-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid-Me ester (9.74%), diosgenin (5.07%), 2-ethyl-3-hydroxy-4H-pyran-4-one (4.43%), 3′,4′,7-trimethylquercetin (3.17%), and digitoxin (2.77%). Wood specimens treated at the level of 2% concentration of P. rigida heartwood extract observed good inhibition to the mold growth under laboratory conditions. These findings support the potential use of natural extracts for natural wood protection against mold infestation for surface treatment of wood. The results indicate that wood extracts may be useful for reducing the incidence of mold on wood products, but none of the materials evaluated completely inhibited the test fungi. These extracts may provide a useful value-added application for byproducts of lumber production from these species. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6Recommanded Product: 2451-01-6).

rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Recommanded Product: 2451-01-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts