Month: January 2023

Highly dispersed ultrafine palladium nanoparticles encapsulated in a triazinyl functionalized porous organic polymer as a highly efficient catalyst for transfer hydrogenation of aldehydes was written by Yang, Jin;Yuan, Man;Xu, Dan;Zhao, Hong;Zhu, Yangyang;Fan, Menying;Zhang, Fengwei;Dong, Zhengping. And the article was included in Journal of Materials Chemistry A: Materials for Energy and Sustainability in 2018.Recommanded Product: 1777-82-8 This article mentions the following:

Fabrication of highly dispersed ultrafine noble metal nanoparticle (NMNP) based catalysts with high stability and excellent catalytic performance is a challenging issue for heterogeneous catalysis. As an alternative complement to existing solutions, herein, we designed and synthesized a stable triazinyl-pentaerythritol porous organic polymer (TP-POP) through a facile polycondensation between cyanuric chloride and pentaerythritol. The obtained TP-POP material has a three-dimensional folded structure, rich triazinyl groups, abundant hydrophobic pores and high thermal stability. Ultrafine Pd NPs with a narrow size distribution (1.4-2.8 nm) are then successfully confined in the organic pores of the TP-POP, through a reversed double solvent approach (RDSA). It is worth noting that the current strategy can effectively confine Pd NPs in the inner space of the TP-POP, and successfully avoids the agglomeration of Pd NPs as compared with the common impregnation-reduction method. The as-prepared Pd@TP-POP catalyst shows excellent catalytic activity in the reduction of 4-nitrophenol and transfer hydrogenation of aromatic aldehydes under mild conditions. The excellent performance of the Pd@TP-POP catalyst is attributed to the abundant mesopores of the TP-POP which can enhance the accessibility of the highly dispersed ultrafine Pd NP active sites that are confined in the organic pores. More importantly, the Pd@TP-POP catalyst is easily recycled and highly stable without loss of its catalytic activity even after ten reaction cycles. Therefore, this study provides a new platform for designing and fabricating stable POP materials to confine size-controlled NMNPs with superior catalytic performance for various potential catalysis applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8Recommanded Product: 1777-82-8).

(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Recommanded Product: 1777-82-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Mold metabolites. IV. The ultraviolet absorption spectra of certain aromatic hydroxy ketones was written by Cram, Donald J.;Cranz, F. W.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1950.Safety of 2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone This article mentions the following:

The ultraviolet absorption spectra of all possible mono- and di-nuclear methylated derivatives of 2,4-dihydroxyacetophenone (I) and 2,6-dihydroxyacetophenone (II) are tabulated. An empirical correlation of the positions of the spectral bands of these compounds was made. The following derivatives of PhCOMe were prepared by methods in the literature (m.ps. given): II 155-6°, 2,4-dihydroxy-3-methyl 155-6°, 2,6-dihydroxy-3-methyl (III) 138-9°, 2,6-dihydroxy-4-methyl 146-7°, 2,6-dimethoxy 72-3°, 2-hydroxy-6-methoxy 58-9°. Me₂SO₄ (1 cc.) and 2 cc. 20% KOH were added dropwise and alternately to 50 mg. III in 3 cc. MeOH, yielding 40 mg. 2,6-dimethoxy-3-methylacetophenone, m. 40-1° (wedge-shaped white crystals). 4,5-Dimethylresorcinol (400 mg.), 226 mg. AcCl, 1.15 g. AlCl₃, and 2 cc. PhNO₂ were allowed to stand at room temperature 1 hr., heated to 60°, cooled and poured into ice and H₂O, extracted with ether, yielding 45 mg. 2,6-dihydroxy-3,4-dimethylacetophenone, m. 82-3°, faintly yellow needles. Formylation of 4-methylresorcinol yielded 85% 2,4-dihydroxy-5-methylbenzaldehyde (IV), m. 146-7°. IV was converted to the di-Me ether (V), m. 117-18° (yield 87%). V was reduced (78% yield) to 1,3-dimethoxy-4,6-dimethylbenzene (VI), m. 75-6°. Demethylation of VI with 48% HBr yielded 92% 4,6-dimethylresorcinol (VII), m. 127-8°; diacetate (VIII) m. 48°. VII (1 g.), 0.75 g. Ac₂O, and 1 cc. BF₃-etherate (45%) allowed to stand overnight at room temperature yielded 400 mg. 2,6-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethylacetophenone, m. 139-40° (yellow needles from 1:1 MeOH-water). VIII (1.2 g.) and 2.4 g. AlCl₃ were heated to 120° and the temperature was raised to 180° during 1 hr., the mixture cooled, decomposed in boiling water, and extracted with ether, yielding 210 mg. 2,4-diacetyl-6-methylresorcinol, m. 83-4° (faintly yellow needles from aqueous MeOH). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone (cas: 1634-34-0Safety of 2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone).

2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone (cas: 1634-34-0) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Safety of 2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Methyl Scanning and Revised Binding Mode of 2-Pralidoxime, an Antidote for Nerve Agent Poisoning was written by Gambino, Adriana;Burnett, James C.;Koide, Kazunori. And the article was included in ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2020.HPLC of Formula: 1122-71-0 This article mentions the following:

Organophosphorus nerve agents (OPNAs) inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and, despite the Chem. Weapons Convention arms control treaty, continue to represent a threat to both military personnel and civilians. 2-Pralidoxime (2-PAM) is currently the only therapeutic countermeasure approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for treating OPNA poisoning. However, 2-PAM is not centrally active due to its hydrophilicity and resulting poor blood-brain barrier permeability; hence, these deficiencies warrant the development of more hydrophobic analogs. Specifically, gaps exist in previously published structure activity relationship (SAR) studies for 2-PAM, thereby making it difficult to rationally design novel analogs that are concomitantly more permeable and more efficacious. In this study, we methodically performed a Me scan on the core pyridinium of 2-PAM to identify ring positions that could tolerate both addnl. steric bulk and hydrophobicity. Subsequently, SAR-guided mol. docking was used to rationalize hydropathically feasible binding modes for 2-PAM and the reported derivatives Overall, the data presented herein provide new insights that may facilitate the rational design of more efficacious 2-PAM analogs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0HPLC of Formula: 1122-71-0).

6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.HPLC of Formula: 1122-71-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Photolithographic patterning of 3D-formed polycarbonate films for targeted cell guiding was written by Hirschbiel, Astrid F.;Geyer, Simone;Yameen, Basit;Welle, Alexander;Nikolov, Pavel;Giselbrecht, Stefan;Scholpp, Steffen;Delaittre, Guillaume;Barner-Kowollik, Christopher. And the article was included in Advanced Materials (Weinheim, Germany) in 2015.Application In Synthesis of 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol This article mentions the following:

The authors employ a combination of photopatterning-via o-nitrobenzyl-mediated cleavage – and reversible-deactivation radical polymerization to achieve micropatterns of an oligo(ethylene glycol)(OEG) derivative and carboxylic acid moieties. Further, the authors evidenced that specific areas of the polymeric substrate can be opened for biol. impact, including strongly fouling sera such as fetal calf serum or fluorescent green protein. The introduced methodol. is to date the only avenue for cell guiding on a thin, thermoformable polycarbonate substrate making use of a simple photochem. approach. This work paves the way for a patterned surface functionalization of thermoformed microstructures which could serve as a base for applications ranging from simple patterned cell culture systems to advanced tissue cultures systems in 3D. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9Application In Synthesis of 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol).

3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Application In Synthesis of 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

One pot synthesis of chromium incorporated SBA-16 under acid medium-Application in the selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol derivatives was written by AlDhawi, Zainah A.;Alomair, Nuhad A.;Kochkar, Hafedh;Revathy, Chandrasekar G.. And the article was included in Arabian Journal of Chemistry in 2022.Application In Synthesis of (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

Cr-SBA-16 mesoporous silica heterogeneous catalysts (Si/Cr = 7, 14, and 28) were successfully synthesized by one-pot hydrothermal method at low acidic medium. The catalysts were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, N₂ adsorption-desorption at 77 K, Fourier transform IR, X-ray photoelectron and diffuse reflectance UV-Vis spectroscopies, thermogravimetric anal., SEM and transmission electron microscopy techniques. Herein, Cr-SBA-16 catalysts are evaluated in the selective catalytic oxidation of benzyl alc. derivatives using H₂O₂ as oxidant. From XPS and UV-Vis spectroscopies the molar ratios between Cr⁶⁺/Cr³⁺ are found to increase vs. chromium loading in the following order: Cr-SBA-16(28) < Cr-SBA-16(14) < Cr-SBA-16(7). Hence the highest Cr⁶⁺ in tetrahedrally environment is observed for Si/Cr = 7. We demonstrated for the first time that the selective catalytic oxidation of benzyl alc. using H₂O₂ over Cr-SBA-16 occurs through noncompetitive adsorption mechanism and the reaction is pseudo-first order to BzOH. The activity of the reaction depends on the symmetry of chromium species, herein, high activity is observed for tetrahedral chromium species in Cr-SBA-16(7). The absence of any chromium ions in the filtrate shows no chromium leaching from the silica framework. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7Application In Synthesis of (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol).

(4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Application In Synthesis of (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effect of the protease from Staphylococcus carnosus on the proteolysis, quality characteristics, and flavor development of Harbin dry sausage was written by Wang, Hui;Xu, Jianhang;Liu, Qian;Xia, Xiufang;Sun, Fangda;Kong, Baohua. And the article was included in Meat Science in 2022.SDS of cas: 3391-86-4 This article mentions the following:

The effect of the addition of different levels of S. carnosus protease (0, 0.15, 0.30, 0.45 and 0.60 g/kg raw meat) on the proteolysis, quality characteristics, and flavor development of Harbin dry sausage was investigated. The results showed that the S. carnosus protease addition to Harbin dry sausage effectively promoted the degradation of meat proteins into peptides and free amino acids, thus resulting in tenderization and inhibiting fat oxidation Moreover, the S. carnosus protease addition could promote the development of key flavor compounds such as some ketones, acids and esters. Sausage with S. carnosus protease levels of 0.45 g/kg exhibited the most attractive sensory attributes. Mol. docking showed that the S. carnosus protease can interact with myosin heavy chains. In summary, the S. carnosus protease addition can improve quality characteristics and flavor profile of Harbin dry sausage. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4SDS of cas: 3391-86-4).

Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.SDS of cas: 3391-86-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Conformational Flexibility as a Tool for Enabling Site-Selective Functionalization of Unactivated sp³ C-O Bonds in Cyclic Acetals was written by Romano, Ciro;Talavera, Laura;Gomez-Bengoa, Enrique;Martin, Ruben. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2022.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

A dual catalytic manifold that enables site-selective functionalization of unactivated sp³ C-O bonds in cyclic acetals with aryl and alkyl halides is reported. The reaction is triggered by an appropriate σ*-p orbital overlap prior to sp³ C-O cleavage, thus highlighting the importance of conformational flexibility in both reactivity and site selectivity. The protocol is characterized by its excellent chemoselectivity profile, thus offering new vistas for activating strong σ sp³ C-O linkages. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Mechanical characterization and optical microscopy of homemade slime and the effect of some common household products was written by Ashraf, Juveiriah M.;Nayfeh, Leia;Nayfeh, Ammar. And the article was included in Scientific Reports in 2022.Product Details of 57-55-6 This article mentions the following:

In this work, we demonstrate the synthesis of homemade slime and investigate how adding different household chems. such as shaving cream and clay affects the chem. properties and hence the mech. behavior. The purpose of this study is to instill scientific curiosity in young learners by establishing a relationship between a material’s chem. structure and its mech. properties. Eight types of slime were studied: basic slime (borax with glue), slime with the addition of: (a) shaving cream, (b) clay, (c) shaving cream and clay together, (d) baking soda, (e) cornstarch, (f) hand soap, and (g) toothpaste. It was found that basic slime has a Young’s Modulus of 93 MPa while adding shaving cream and clay increased the modulus of elasticity to 194 and 224 MPa resp. Adding thickening agents such as baking soda and corn starch increased the modulus to 118 and 110 MPa resp. while the incorporation of foaming agents, for example, hand soap and toothpaste rendered the sample very gelatinous. The Young’s modulus of samples C and D was the highest recorded and this is attributed to the presence of clay, which is relatively the stiffest material from the choice of additives used in this study. The results were supported by FT-IR spectroscopy which showcased the formation of different chem. structures of the slime with the added chem. agents. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6Product Details of 57-55-6).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Product Details of 57-55-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Anticonvulsant activity of some xanthone derivatives was written by Marona, Henryk;Pekala, Elzbieta;Antkiewicz-Michaluk, Lucyna;Walczak, Maria;Szneler, Edward. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2008.Formula: C5H13NO This article mentions the following:

A series of appropriate alkanolamine and amide derivatives of xanthone were prepared and evaluated for anticonvulsant activity using maximal electroshock (MES) and s.c. pentylenetetrazole (scMet) induced seizures, and for neurotoxicity (TOX) using the rotorod test on mice and rats. The most promising compounds seem to be the appropriate aminoalkanolic derivatives of 6-chloroxanthone, among which the R-(-) and S-(+)-2-amino-1-propanol derivatives of 6-chloro-2-methylxanthone (2^a and 2^b) displayed anti-MES activity (in mice) with a protective index (TD₅₀/ED₅₀) of 6.23<6.85, corresponding to that of phenytoin, carbamazepine and valproate. The most active compound, 2^b, was determined to have an affinity to the benzodiazepine (BDZ) receptor and voltage-dependent Ca²⁺ channel (VDCC) by using radioligand binding assays. The enantiomeric purities of 2^a and 2^b were determined using an anal. liquid chromatog.-mass spectrometry method. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Amino-3-methylbutan-1-ol (cas: 42514-50-1Formula: C5H13NO).

3-Amino-3-methylbutan-1-ol (cas: 42514-50-1) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Formula: C5H13NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Characterizing the impact of high temperature during grain filling on phytohormone levels, enzyme activity and metabolic profiles of an early indica rice variety was written by Shao, C.;Shen, L.;Qiu, C.;Wang, Y.;Qian, Y.;Chen, J.;Ouyang, Z.;Zhang, P.;Guan, X.;Xie, J.;Liu, G.;Peng, C.. And the article was included in Plant Biology (Berlin, Germany) in 2021.Formula: C18H32CaN2O10 This article mentions the following:

Global warming results in high temperature stress (HTS), which presents severe challenges worldwide for modern agricultural production and will have significant impacts on the yield and quality of crops. Accumulation of photosynthetic products, activity of enzymes involved in sucrose-starch metabolism, phytohormone levels and metabolic profiling using LC-MS were analyzed in the flag leaves and/or developing grains subjected to HTS during the grain-filling stage of an indica rice. HTS induced significant yield loss and reduced the grain quality, with lower amylose content. HTS reduced photosynthetic product accumulation in flag leaves and reduced starch accumulation in developing grains, compared to growth under normal temperatures The activity of enzymes related to sucrose-starch metabolism were dis-regulated in developing grains grown under high temperature (HT). Moreover, phytohormone homeostasis in flag leaves and developing grains was also dramatically disturbed by HT. Metabolic profiling detected many metabolites with remarkably different relative fold abundances at different time points in the developing grain at HT vs. normal temperatures, these metabolites were enriched in several HTS response pathways. The change in phytohormone ratio and auxin level might be associated with the reduction in photosynthetic products and their translocation, and ultimately with reduced starch accumulation in the developing grain. The detected metabolites might have different roles in response to the HTS in developing grain at different development stages. These results provide a theor. reference and basis for future rice production towards higher quality and yield when grown under HTS. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6Formula: C18H32CaN2O10).

Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Formula: C18H32CaN2O10

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts