Month: January 2023

Reinvestigating FeBr₃-Catalyzed Alcohol Oxidation with H₂O₂: Is High-valent Iron Species (HIS) or Reactive Brominating Species (RBS) Responsible for Alcohol Oxidation? was written by He, Chenxi;Ma, Foqing;Zhang, Wei;Tong, Rongbiao. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2022.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

The in-situ generated RBS from the related FeBr₂/H₂O₂ or CeBr₃/H₂O₂ systems, (2) This results of a series of controlled experiments, and (3) some related RBS-based precedents (NBS, NBA, or Br₂) showing similar high oxidation selectivity of secondary over primary alcs. These studies enable to discover that RBS from CeBr₃/H₂O₂ was much more efficient for the oxidation of secondary and benzylic alcs., which represents a new green protocol for selective oxidation of alcs. to carbonyls. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

(1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

DGAT1 activity synchronises with mitophagy to protect cells from metabolic rewiring by iron depletion was written by Long, Maeve;Sanchez-Martinez, Alvaro;Longo, Marianna;Suomi, Fumi;Stenlund, Hans;Johansson, Annika I.;Ehsan, Homa;Salo, Veijo T.;Montava-Garriga, Lambert;Naddafi, Seyedehshima;Ikonen, Elina;Ganley, Ian G.;Whitworth, Alexander J.;McWilliams, Thomas G.. And the article was included in EMBO Journal in 2022.Electric Literature of C4H10O4 This article mentions the following:

Mitophagy removes defective mitochondria via lysosomal elimination. Increased mitophagy coincides with metabolic reprogramming, yet it remains unknown whether mitophagy is a cause or consequence of such state changes. The signalling pathways that integrate with mitophagy to sustain cell and tissue integrity also remain poorly defined. We performed temporal metabolomics on mammalian cells treated with deferiprone, a therapeutic iron chelator that stimulates PINK1/PARKIN-independent mitophagy. Iron depletion profoundly rewired the metabolome, hallmarked by remodelling of lipid metabolism within minutes of treatment. DGAT1-dependent lipid droplet biosynthesis occurred several hours before mitochondrial clearance, with lipid droplets bordering mitochondria upon iron chelation. We demonstrate that DGAT1 inhibition restricts mitophagy in vitro, with impaired lysosomal homeostasis and cell viability. Importantly, genetic depletion of DGAT1 in vivo significantly impaired neuronal mitophagy and locomotor function in Drosophila. Our data define iron depletion as a potent signal that rapidly reshapes metabolism and establishes an unexpected synergy between lipid homeostasis and mitophagy that safeguards cell and tissue integrity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6Electric Literature of C4H10O4).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Electric Literature of C4H10O4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Glycosidically bound aroma compounds in ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) was written by Wu, Ping;Kuo, May Chien;Ho, Chi Tang. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 1990.Computed Properties of C10H22O3 This article mentions the following:

Free and glycosidically bound aroma compounds from ginger rhizome aqueous extract were isolated and separated by an Amberlite XAD-2 column. Aroma compounds from the bound fraction were released by almond β-glucosidase hydrolysis. By using octanol as internal standard, volatile components of free and bound fractions were analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Glycosidically bound aliphatic alcs., monoterpene alcs., acids, and aldehydes were found; 17 compounds were identified in the hydrolyzed glycoside fraction, 20 in the free aroma fraction, and an addnl. 10 compounds were found in both fractions. The glycoside fraction had no odor before hydrolysis but after hydrolysis had the characteristic ginger aroma. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6Computed Properties of C10H22O3).

rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Computed Properties of C10H22O3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Photoresponsive Nanovehicle for Two Independent Wavelength Light-Triggered Sequential Release of P-gp shRNA and Doxorubicin To Optimize and Enhance Synergistic Therapy of Multidrug-Resistant Cancer was written by Wu, Ming;Lin, Xinyi;Tan, Xionghong;Li, Jiong;Wei, Zuwu;Zhang, Da;Zheng, Youshi;Zheng, Ai-xian;Zhao, Bixing;Zeng, Yongyi;Liu, Xiaolong;Liu, Jingfeng. And the article was included in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces in 2018.HPLC of Formula: 60463-12-9 This article mentions the following:

Prerelease of RNA mols. than chemotherapeutic drugs with a sufficient interval is a vital prerequisite for RNA/drug co-delivery strategy to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR) of cancer cells, but how to precisely control their release at different time points is still a grand challenge up to now. This study aims to on-demand remotely manipulate RNA and drug release in real time through single delivery system to sequentially play their resp. roles for optimizing and enhancing their synergistic antitumor effects. To this end, a photoresponsive mesoporous silica nanoparticle (PMSN) is fabricated as a co-delivery vehicle of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) short-hairpin RNA (shRNA) and photocaged prodrug of doxorubicin (DOX), by which the orthogonal and sequential release of shRNA and DOX can be achieved using an external light. In our design, the cationic poly[2-(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl)methacrylate] is introduced onto the PMSN surface through a light-sensitive coumarin ester derivative linker to adsorb P-gp shRNA, whereas the photocleavable o-nitrobenzyl ester derivative-caged DOX is loaded into the inner pores of the PMSN. The PMSN is found to be effectively internalized by MDR cancer cells, and the release of the shRNA and DOX is demonstrated to be independently regulated by 405 and 365 nm light irradiations due to selectively cleaved coumarin and o-nitrobenzyl ester, resulting in enhanced drug retention, and finally bring out optimized and significantly improved chemotherapeutic effects both in vitro and in vivo for MDR cancer treatment, which might hold extensive application prospects in MDR cancer treatment in future. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9HPLC of Formula: 60463-12-9).

3-(Hydroxymethyl)-4-nitrophenol (cas: 60463-12-9) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.HPLC of Formula: 60463-12-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Diastereo- and Enantioselective Iridium Catalyzed Coupling of Vinyl Aziridines with Alcohols: Site-Selective Modification of Unprotected Diols and Synthesis of Substituted Piperidines was written by Wang, Gang;Franke, Jana;Ngo, Chinh Q.;Krische, Michael J.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2015.SDS of cas: 1122-71-0 This article mentions the following:

The chiral cyclometalated π-allyliridium ortho-C,O-benzoate complex derived from [Ir(cod)Cl]₂, allyl acetate, 4-cyano-3-nitro-benzoic acid, and (R)-MeO-BIPHEP catalyzes the coupling of N-(p-nitrophenylsulfonyl) protected vinyl aziridine with primary alcs. to furnish branched products of C-C bond formation with good levels of anti-diastereo- and enantioselectivity. In the presence of 2-propanol, but under otherwise identical conditions, vinyl aziridine and aldehydes engage in reductive coupling to furnish an equivalent set of adducts with roughly equivalent levels of anti-diastereo- and enantioselectivity. Using enantiomeric iridium catalysts, vinyl aziridine reacts with unprotected chiral 1,3-diols in a site-selective manner to deliver the diastereomeric products of C-allylation syn- and anti-stereoisomers, resp., with good isolated yields and excellent levels of catalyst-directed diastereoselectivity. These adducts were directly converted to the diastereomeric 2,4,5-trisubstituted piperidines syn- and anti-stereoisomers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0SDS of cas: 1122-71-0).

6-Methyl-2-pyridinemethanol (cas: 1122-71-0) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.SDS of cas: 1122-71-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Highly efficient synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant chiral 3-N-substituted-azacyclic alcohols using two enantiocomplementary short chain dehydrogenases was written by Yang, Lin;Zhang, Yiping;Liu, Yan;Wang, Hualei;Wei, Dongzhi. And the article was included in Biochemical Engineering Journal in 2022.Quality Control of (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol This article mentions the following:

Two stereocomplementary alc. dehydrogenases from Flavobacterium psychrophilum (FpADH) and Flavobacterium sp. was reported. (FsADH), which showed the potential industrial application in highly efficient synthesis of a series of enantiomerically pure 3-N-substituted-azacyclic alochols. Both the enzymes showed high catalytic activity toward the model substrate N-Boc-4-piperidone (NBPO) and presented a strict enantioselectivity for the corresponding alc. products. In addition, both enzymes showed broad substrate scope, including ketoesters, acryl ketones and heterocyclic ketones. Using glucose dehydrogenase coexpressed with each of the enzymes to realize the efficient coenzyme recycling, various pharmaceutically relevant chiral 3-N-Boc azacyclic alcs. were asym. synthesized at high substrate concentrations (343.7-643.8 g/L) and low equilvelent of NADP⁺ (0.1 mM) with excellent enantioselectivity (> 99.5% e.e), which have met the requirements of biocatalytic processes in the industry and demonstrated the feasibility of FpADH and FsADH for industrial application in the biotransformation of chiral 3-N-substituted-azacyclic alcs. The mol. basis of the enantioselectivity and catalytic efficiency of both enzymes were revealed the by mol. docking and MD simulation anal. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4Quality Control of (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Quality Control of (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

4D printing of high performance shape memory polymer using stereolithography was written by Choong, Yu Ying Clarrisa;Maleksaeedi, Saeed;Eng, Hengky;Wei, Jun;Su, Pei-Chen. And the article was included in Materials & Design in 2017.Product Details of 4074-88-8 This article mentions the following:

High shape fixity, shape recovery, and prolonged shape memory cycle life are desirable aspects of 4D printed parts; however, the durability of 4D printed parts is rarely investigated. Here, we demonstrated a photopolymer printable by stereolithog. apparatus (SLA) which uses a tBA-co-DEGDA network based on dual-component phase switching mechanism to build parts of complex geometries and exhibit shape memory behavior. The material can achieve a high curing rate and precise printing that are highly desired for SLA process. The mech. strength of the printed parts is comparable statistically to industrial SMPs and shape memory tests showed excellent shape memory performance with higher durability of > 20 shape memory cycles as compared to current 4D printed parts. This work is believed to enable the use of SLA technol. to fabricate responsive components of high performance, which also significantly advances the 3D printing technol. for more robust applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Product Details of 4074-88-8).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Product Details of 4074-88-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

The chemistry of β-polycarbonyl compounds. I. Cyclization to furan and coumarin derivatives was written by Anderton, K.;Rickards, R. W.. And the article was included in Journal of the Chemical Society in 1965.HPLC of Formula: 1634-34-0 This article mentions the following:

In the presence of a base and the appropriate halogen, heptane-2,4,6-trione undergoes intramolecular cyclization to furans, which exist exclusively as the enolic tautomers. Intermolecular condensation of ethyl acetoacetate in the presence of sodium ethoxide leads to a coumarin. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone (cas: 1634-34-0HPLC of Formula: 1634-34-0).

2′,6′-Dihydroxy-4′-methylacetophenone (cas: 1634-34-0) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.HPLC of Formula: 1634-34-0

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Comprehensive study of chemical composition and biological activity of Thymus pubescens Boiss. et Kotschy ex Celak was written by Yigitkan, Serkan;Akdeniz, Mehmet;Yener, Ismail;Seker, Zeki;Yilmaz, Mustafa Abdullah;Firat, Mehmet;Kavak, Deniz Evrim;Yilmaz Koseoglu, Pelin;Ertas, Abdulselam;Kolak, Ufuk;Orhan, Ilkay Erdogan. And the article was included in South African Journal of Botany in 2022.Formula: C10H14O This article mentions the following:

The use of Thymus species amongst the public and their importance in the scientific world is increasing day by day. In addition to being consumed as tea and spice, Thymus species are used as folk medicine for respiratory, digestive, skin, circulatory, genital, nervous, visual and urinary diseases. In this study, it was aimed to examine the essential oil and ethanol extract of the root and aerial parts of Thymus pubescens Boiss. et Kotschy ex Celak in the terms of their biol. activity and chem. content. The phenolic content of the species was determined by LC-MS/MS, while triterpenoid content, the chem. composition of the essential oil as well as flavor was determined by GC-MS. In addition, their antioxidant and cytotoxic activities, as well as acetyl- (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), urease, tyrosinase, elastase, collagenase, HMG-CoA reductase and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activities were studied. Thymol (53.33%) was determined as the major component in the essential oil, while β-fenchyl alc. (43.87%) was determined as the major component of the flavor. According to the LC-MS/MS and GC-MS results, it was found that especially the aerial parts of the species have a high amount of rosmarinic acid (3875.76 μg analyte/g extract), quinic acid (2392.55), naringenin (970.39), oleanolic (92785.96) and ursolic (63373.32) acids. The essential oil of T. pubescens species was observed to show high activity in four antioxidant assays, e.g. inhibition of lipid peroxidation, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity as well as CUPRAC, while the ethanol extracts showed moderate antioxidant activity. In enzyme inhibition assays, the aerial parts exerted marked BChE, elastase, and collagenase inhibitory activities (92.43±1.28%, 42.59±0.56, and 48.61±0.39 at 100 μg/mL, resp.). On the other hand, AChE, urease, tyrosinase, HMG-CoA reductase and ACE inhibitory activities of all extracts were from low to moderate levels. In particular, the aerial parts of the species displayed a high cytotoxic effect (vitality%: 6.82±0.01 at 200 μg/mL) in breast cancer (MCF-7) cell line. Due to its remarkable antioxidant capacity, high content of rosmarinic, oleanolic, and ursolic acids and especially BChE, elastase, and collagenase inhibitory activity, T. pubescens has the potential for using in food supplements, food preservatives, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Formula: C10H14O).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Formula: C10H14O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Viewing-angle-switching film based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals for smart anti-peeping liquid crystal display was written by He, Zemin;Shen, Wenbo;Yu, Ping;Zhao, Yuzhen;Zeng, Zhuang;Liang, Zeng;Chen, Zhuo;Zhang, Huimin;Zhang, Haiquan;Miao, Zongcheng;Wang, Dong. And the article was included in Liquid Crystals in 2022.Synthetic Route of C10H14O5 This article mentions the following:

In this paper, the viewing-angle-switching (VAS) films based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals (PDLCs) were fabricated and the optical properties of the VAS films were studied. The VAS films based on PDLC films can exhibit elec. switchable viewing-angle properties, and the films showed a narrow viewing angle under no elec. field and presented a wide viewing angle under elec. field (24 V). Furthermore, the smart anti-peeping liquid crystal display (LCD) containing the VAS film based on PDLC film also displayed the elec. switchable viewing-angle performance and the corresponding mechanism was discussed. The results demonstrated both the anti-peeping effect and elec. switchable view-angle effect of the as-fabricated VAS film, promising potential applications in intelligent optical films and novel information displays. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Synthetic Route of C10H14O5).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Synthetic Route of C10H14O5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts