Month: January 2023

Quality Evaluation of Tetrastigmae Radix from Two Different Habitats Based on Simultaneous Determination of Multiple Bioactive Constituents Combined with Multivariate Statistical Analysis was written by Chen, Haijie;Zhou, Yongyi;Xue, Jia;Yuan, Jiahuan;Cai, Zhichen;Wu, Nan;Zou, Lisi;Yin, Shengxin;Yang, Wei;Liu, Xunhong;Cheng, Jianming;Tang, Li. And the article was included in Molecules in 2022.Formula: C14H12O4 This article mentions the following:

Tetrastigmae Radix, also known as Sanyeqing (SYQ) in Chinese, is an important traditional Chinese medicine with a long history. Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg mainly grows in the south of the Yangtze River and is widely distributed. The content of bioactive constituents in SYQ varies greatly in different habitats, and there are obvious differences in the content of bioactive constituents between southwestern SYQ (WS) and southeastern SYQ (ES). To distinguish and evaluate the quality of ES and WS, an anal. method based on ultrafast performance liquid chromatog. coupled with triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry (UFLC-QTRAP-MS/MS) was established for the simultaneous determination of 60 constituents including 25 flavonoids, 9 phenolic acids, 15 amino acids, and 11 nucleosides in 47 samples from ES and WS. In addition, orthogonal partial least squares discriminant anal. (OPLS-DA), t-test, and gray correlation anal. (GRA) were used to discriminate and evaluate the ES and WS samples based on the contents of 60 constituents. The results showed that there were significant differences in the bioactive constituents between ES and WS, and ES was superior to WS in terms of quality evaluation. This study not only provides basic information for differentiating ES and WS but also provides a new perspective for the comprehensive evaluation and quality control of SYQ from two different habitats. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Formula: C14H12O4).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Formula: C14H12O4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Highly Fluorinated Benzobisbenzothiophenes was written by Wang, Yongfeng;Parkin, Sean R.;Gierschner, Johannes;Watson, Mark D.. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2008.Reference of 29364-29-2 This article mentions the following:

Expedient, facile syntheses of highly fluorinated benzobisbenzothiophenes (BBBT), e.g. I, are reported. Defined peripheral arrangements of sulfur and fluorine atoms lead to extensive crystalline networks of edge-to-edge S-F close contacts. The effects of various substitution patterns on self-assembly and electronic properties are described. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2Reference of 29364-29-2).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Reference of 29364-29-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Sulfated zirconia as an efficient recyclable heterogeneous catalyst for selective aminolysis of epoxides and N-tosyl aziridines under solvent-free condition was written by Das, Biswanath;Thirupathi, Ponnaboina;Kumar, Rathod Aravind. And the article was included in Indian Journal of Heterocyclic Chemistry in 2008.Related Products of 40571-86-6 This article mentions the following:

Sulfated zirconia was an efficient catalyst for selective ring-opening of epoxides and N-tosyl aziridines with amines under solvent-free conditions to form the corresponding 2-amino alcs. and 1,2-diamines resp. in excellent yields. The catalyst was recovered and recycled. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Trans-2-(benzylamino)cyclohexanol (cas: 40571-86-6Related Products of 40571-86-6).

Trans-2-(benzylamino)cyclohexanol (cas: 40571-86-6) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Related Products of 40571-86-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Discovery of a Switch Between Prelog and Anti-Prelog Reduction toward Halogen-Substituted Acetophenones in Short-Chain Dehydrogenase/Reductases was written by Qin, Fengyu;Qin, Bin;Zhang, Wenhe;Liu, Yalin;Su, Xin;Zhu, Tianhui;Ouyang, Jingping;Guo, Jiyang;Li, Yuxin;Zhang, Feiting;Tang, Jun;Jia, Xian;You, Song. And the article was included in ACS Catalysis in 2018.Application of 120121-01-9 This article mentions the following:

The application of ketoreductases based biocatalytic reduction to access optically pure Prelog or anti-Prelog alcs. offers a valuable approach for asym. synthesis. Despite this, control the stereopreferences of ketoreductases as desired remains challenging since natural ketoreductases usually display Prelog preference and it is difficult to transfer the knowledge from engineered anti-Prelog ketoreductases to the others. Here, we present the discovery of a switch between Prelog and anti-Prelog reduction toward halogen-substituted acetophenones in six short-chain dehydrogenase/reductases (SDRs). Through carefully analyzing the structural information and multiple-sequence alignment of several reported SDRs with Prelog or anti-Prelog stereopreference, the key residues that might control their stereopreferences were identified using Lactobacillus fermentum short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase 1 (LfSDR1) as the starting enzyme. Protein engineering at these positions of LfSDR1 could improve its anti-Prelog stereoselectivity or switch its stereopreference to Prelog. Moreover, the knowledge obtained from LfSDR1 could be further transferred to other five SDRs (four mined SDRs and one reported SDR) that have 21-48% sequence identities with LfSDR1. The stereopreferences of these SDRs were able to be switched either from anti-Prelog to Prelog or from Prelog to anti-Prelog by mutagenesis at related positions. In addition, further optimization of LfSDR1 can access stereo-complementary reduction of several halogen-substituted acetophenones with high stereoselectivity (up to >99%), resulting in some valuable chiral alcs. for synthesis of pharmaceutical agents. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9Application of 120121-01-9).

(R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Application of 120121-01-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Changes of volatile compounds in polyethylene terephthalate bottles during storage was written by Ikegami, Tohru;Nagashima, Kazufumi;Shimoda, Mitsuya;Osajima, Yutaka. And the article was included in Nippon Shokuhin Kogyo Gakkaishi in 1990.HPLC of Formula: 2451-01-6 This article mentions the following:

Hydrocarbons, esters, aldehydes, and alcs. were dissolved in citric acid solution (pH 2.7) containing gum arabic and aseptically filled into polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles. Sorption of volatile compounds on PET bottle was slight. Aliphatic aldehydes were oxidized by dissolved O, forming the corresponding carboxylic acids, but cyclic aldehydes were stable in PET bottles. The Et alkanoates were hydrolyzed to carboxylic acids in PET or glass bottles; however, in a pouch lined with middle-d. polyethylene film, since the Et alkanoates sorbed into the liner predominantly, the extent of hydrolysis was much smaller. The interconversions of terpene alcs. led to formation of 2,6,6-trimethyl-2-vinyltetrahydropyran, terpin hydrate, and α-terpineol in any type of container. Food flavor deterioration in PET bottles during storage was not due to sorption but to chem. changes of volatile compounds In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6HPLC of Formula: 2451-01-6).

rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.HPLC of Formula: 2451-01-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Atomic layer deposition of indium oxide thin film from a liquid indium complex containing 1-dimethylamino-2-methyl-2-propoxy ligands was written by Han, Jeong Hwan;Jung, Eun Ae;Kim, Hyo Yeon;Kim, Da Hye;Park, Bo Keun;Park, Jin-Seong;Son, Seung Uk;Chung, Taek-Mo. And the article was included in Applied Surface Science in 2016.Recommanded Product: 14123-48-9 This article mentions the following:

In₂O₃ thin films were grown from a liquid homoleptic In-based complex, tris(1-dimethylamino-2-methyl-2-propoxy)indium [In(dmamp)₃], and O₃ by at. layer deposition (ALD) at growth temperatures of 150-200 °C. In(dmamp)₃ exhibited single-step evaporation with negligible residue and excellent thermal stability between 30 and 250 °C. The self-limiting surface reaction of In₂O₃ during ALD was demonstrated by varying the In(dmamp)₃ and O₃ pulse lengths, with a growth rate of 0.027 nm/cycle achieved at 200 °C. The In₂O₃ films grown at temperatures over 175 °C exhibited negligible concentrations of impurities, whereas that grown below 175 °C had concentrations of residual C of 6-8 at.%. Glancing angle X-ray diffraction revealed that the In₂O₃ films were polycrystalline in nature when the deposition temperature was greater than 200 °C. The In₂O₃ films grown at 150-200 °C exhibited carrier concentrations of 1.5 × 10¹⁸-6.6 × 10¹⁹ cm^-3, resistivities of 15.1-2 × 10^-3 Ω cm, and Hall mobilities of 0.8-42 cm²/(V s). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-(Dimethylamino)-2-methylpropan-2-ol (cas: 14123-48-9Recommanded Product: 14123-48-9).

1-(Dimethylamino)-2-methylpropan-2-ol (cas: 14123-48-9) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Recommanded Product: 14123-48-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Structure characterization and lipid-lowering activity of a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide from sweet tea (Rubus Suavissmus S. Lee) was written by Liu, Mengyao;Shan, Shan;Gao, Xin;Zeng, Deyong;Lu, Weihong. And the article was included in Carbohydrate Polymers in 2022.Recommanded Product: 149-32-6 This article mentions the following:

Sweet tea (Rubus Suavissmus S. Lee) is consumed as herbal tea in southwestern China, which has multiple functions such as relieving cough, alleviating allergic responses, and clearing away heat. Here we report the structure and lipid-lowering activity of a sweet tea polysaccharide (STP-60a). STP-60a is a homogeneous heteropolysaccharide with a mol. weight of 9.16 x 104 Da, and composed of rhamnose, arabinose, glucose, galactose and glucuronic acid. The main backbone of STP-60a consists of β-L-Rhap-(1→, →3)-β-D-Galp-(1→, →4)-β-D-Glcp-UA-(1→, →3,6)-β-D-Galp-(1→, →6)-β-D-Galp-(1→, →3)-4-OAc-β-L-Arap-(1→, →3)-α-L-Araf-(1→ and the side chain are α-L-Araf-(1→ and →3)-α-D-Glcp-(1→. Using Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) in a high-sugar diet as a model, we found that STP-60a significantly reduced the fat accumulation in the intestine of C. elegans, and extensively affected lipolysis, fatty acid synthesis and β-oxidation processes. In addition, sbp-1 and nhr-49 were essential for STP-60a to exert a lipid-lowering effect. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6Recommanded Product: 149-32-6).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Recommanded Product: 149-32-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Metal-Free Synthesis of Alkenylazaarenes and 2-Aminoquinolines through Base-Mediated Aerobic Oxidative Dehydrogenation of Benzyl Alcohols was written by Dahatonde, Dipak J.;Ghosh, Aritra;Batra, Sanjay. And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2021.Recommanded Product: (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

A metal-free, base-mediated, and atom-efficient oxidative dehydrogenative coupling of substituted phenylmethanols (benzyl alcs.) with Me azaarenes or phenylacetonitriles to afford substituted alkenylazaarenes or 2-aminoquinolines, resp. was described. CsOH. H₂O was discovered to be the base of choice for obtaining optimal yields of the title compounds, although the reaction proceeded with KOH as well. The protocol that worked efficiently in the presence of air was amenable over broad range of substrates. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8Recommanded Product: (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol).

(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Recommanded Product: (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Electrochemical α-C(sp³)-H/O-H cross-coupling of isochromans and alcohols assisted by benzoic acid was written by Wang, Zhuang;Niu, Kaikai;Liu, Yuxiu;Song, Hongjian;Wang, Qingmin. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2022.Formula: C9H9F3O This article mentions the following:

Isochroman moieties are present in a wide variety of biol. active mols., but converting isochromans to α-substituted derivatives under mild conditions is challenging. Herein, authors report a mild, convenient protocol for synthesis of α-alkoxy isochroman derivatives by means of electrochem. α-C(sp³)-H/O-H cross-coupling reactions of isochromans and alcs. in the presence of benzoic acid, which facilitated the electro-oxidation process and increased the product yield. Various alcs. and isochromans, as well as other structurally similar substrates, gave moderate to high yields of the desired coupling products, and the reaction could be carried out on a gram scale. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol (cas: 94022-96-5Formula: C9H9F3O).

2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenethyl alcohol (cas: 94022-96-5) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Formula: C9H9F3O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Organophotoredox assisted cyanation of bromoarenes via silyl-radical-mediated bromine abstraction was written by Shee, Maniklal;Shah, Sk. Sheriff;Singh, N. D. Pradeep. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2020.Electric Literature of C12H16BBrO2 This article mentions the following:

The insertion of a nitrile (-CN) group into arenes through the direct functionalization of the C(sp²)-Br bond is a challenging reaction. Herein, we report an organophotoredox method for the cyanation of aryl bromides using the organic photoredox catalyst 4CzIPN (1,2,3,5-tetrakis(carbazol-9-yl)-4,6-dicyanobenzene) and tosyl cyanide (TsCN) as the nitrile source. A photogenerated silyl radical, via a single electron transfer (SET) mechanism, was employed to abstract bromine from aryl bromide to provide an aryl radical, which was concomitantly intercepted by TsCN to afford the aromatic nitrile. A range of substrates containing electron-donating and -withdrawing groups was demonstrated to undergo cyanation at room temperature in good yields. Thus, e.g., Me 4-bromobenzoate → Me 4-cyanobenzoate (71%) employing 4CzIPN, TsCN, (TMS)₃SiOH as silyl radical source, K₃PO₄ as base, acetone as solvent and irradiation from blue LED. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Electric Literature of C12H16BBrO2).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Electric Literature of C12H16BBrO2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts