Month: January 2023

Switchable Synthesis of Aldehydes and Carboxylic Acids from Alcohols by Platinum-Catalysed Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidation Using Flow Reactors was written by Kon, Yoshihiro;Nakashima, Takuya;Onozawa, Shun-ya;Sato, Kazuhiko;Kobayashi, Shu. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2022.Application of 873-76-7 This article mentions the following:

Switchable synthesis of aldehydes and carboxylic acids from alcs. by Pt-catalyzed H₂O₂ oxidation was performed for the first time using flow reactors. The use of an optimized amount of zero-valent Pt black diluted with SiO₂ catalyst demonstrates controlled H₂O₂ oxidation of allylic alcs., benzyl alcs., and aliphatic alcs. From a probe reaction, Pt catalytic activity to produce a carboxylic acid from the corresponding alc. improved depending on the temperature increasing from 40 to 90°C. The set of reaction conditions about the combination of temperature and flow rate as a simple trigger works sensitively to divide the formation of aldehydes and carboxylic acids without tuning by additives. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7Application of 873-76-7).

(4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Application of 873-76-7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Selective skeletal editing of polycyclic arenes using organophotoredox dearomative functionalization was written by Ji, Peng;Davies, Cassondra C.;Gao, Feng;Chen, Jing;Meng, Xiang;Houk, Kendall N.;Chen, Shuming;Wang, Wei. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2022.Recommanded Product: 2216-51-5 This article mentions the following:

A general organophotoredox approach for the chemo- and regioselective dearomatization of structurally diverse polycyclic aromatics, including quinolines, isoquinolines, quinoxalines, naphthalenes, anthracenes and phenanthrenes was described. The success of the method for chemoselective oxidative rupture of aromatic moieties relies on precise manipulation of the electronic nature of the fused polycyclic arenes. Mechanistic studies show that the addition of a hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) agent helps favor the dearomatization pathway over the more thermodynamically downhill aromatization pathway. This strategy was applied to rapid synthesis of biol. valued targets and late-stage skeletal remodeling en route to complex structures. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5Recommanded Product: 2216-51-5).

(1R,2S,5R)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol (cas: 2216-51-5) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Recommanded Product: 2216-51-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Potential low-calorie model that inhibits free fatty acid release and helps curcumin deliver in vitro: Ca²⁺-induced emulsion gels from low methyl-esterified pectin with the presence of erythritol was written by Yang, Jinyan;Wan, Li;Duan, Xingke;Wang, Hongdi;Yang, Zhixuan;Liu, Fengxia;Xu, Xiaoyun;Pan, Siyi. And the article was included in International Journal of Biological Macromolecules in 2022.Related Products of 149-32-6 This article mentions the following:

Our previous study showed that pectin de-esterified by high hydrostatic pressure assisted enzymic method (HHP-pectin) had better Ca2+-induced gel performance and more stable emulsion than those from conventional enzymic and alk. methods. In this study, Ca2+-induced emulsion gels were further prepared by HHP-pectin in the presence of erythritol, and their texture properties, moisture distribution, the release of free fatty acids (FFAs) and curcumin were investigated. Results showed that gel strength, gel elasticity, and water cut-off capacity of the prepared emulsion gels significantly increased with Ca2+ concentration increasing. Compared with emulsions, HHP-pectin emulsion gels can significantly decrease FFAs and curcumin release in vitro digestion, especially for samples with better texture properties (higher Ca2+ concentration). This study indicated that Ca2+-induced HHP-pectin emulsion gels prepared with erythritol may provide a new choice for low-calorie foods preparing, and may become a potential alternative model that inhibiting FFAs release and helping fat-soluble nutrients (curcumin) deliver. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6Related Products of 149-32-6).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Related Products of 149-32-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

No increase in incidence or risk of recurrence of breast cancer in ospemifene-treated patients with vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) was written by Cai, Bin;Simon, James;Villa, Paola;Biglia, Nicoletta;Panay, Nicholas;Djumaeva, Stora;Particco, Martire;Kanakamedala, Hemanth;Altomare, Corrado. And the article was included in Maturitas in 2020.Product Details of 128607-22-7 This article mentions the following:

To estimate the incidence and recurrence of breast cancer (BC) in patients with vulvovaginal atrophy (VVA) treated with ospemifene and matched untreated VVA patients using real-world data. Retrospective matched cohort study. Main Outcome Measures: VVA patients were identified from the 2011-2018 US MarketScan insurance claims database. For incidence, ospemifene-treated VVA patients without evidence of BC prior to index treatment were matched to two untreated VVA controls similarly without history of BC on age, index VVA year, geog. region, Charlson Comorbidity categories, and follow-up time. BC after the index treatment was identified by BC diagnosis codes, mastectomy, chemotherapy, or radiation procedure. Incidence rate, rate ratio (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated The process was repeated to estimate BC recurrence in patients with a history of BC in 1:1, 1:2 and 1:3 matches.1728 ospemifene users and 3456 untreated patients met the inclusion and matching criteria for assessing incidence. The average number of days for which ospemifene was supplied was 314 (standard deviation [SD] = 340). Average follow-up time from index treatment was 937 days (SD = 392) for treated patients and 915 days (SD = 396) for controls. BC incidence rates per 1000 person-years was 2.03 (95% CI: 1.06-3.91) for treated patients and 3.53 (95% CI: 2.49-4.99) for controls (RR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.28-1.21). No difference in recurrence was observed between ospemifene-treated and matched untreated patients. Ten (32.3%) treated vs. 25 (40.3%) controls in the 1:2 matched anal. had a recurrence. No differences were observed in the BC incidence and recurrence rates in ospemifene users compared with matched controls. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Product Details of 128607-22-7).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Product Details of 128607-22-7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

High dietary starch impairs intestinal health and microbiota of largemouth bass, Micropterus salmoides was written by Zhou, Yue-Lang;He, Guang-Lun;Jin, Tao;Chen, Yong-Jun;Dai, Fang-Yin;Luo, Li;Lin, Shi-Mei. And the article was included in Aquaculture in 2021.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

This study focused on the effects of starch levels on growth performance, intestinal dysbiosis and health of Micropterus salmoides. Three isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets containing different corn starch levels (5%, 10%, 15%) were fed to exptl. fish (initial body weight: 8.66 ± 0.04g) for 8 wk, resp. The results showed that the 15% starch levels suppressed the growth, decreased the height and width of villus and number of goblet cell in midgut compared with the other groups (P < 0.05). Moreover, plasma endotoxin (PE) and diamine oxidase (DAO) increased significantly with dietary starch levels (P < 0.05). Notably, 15% starch diets up-regulated the expression of Claudin-1 and down-regulated the expression of ZO-1, Claudin-4 and Claudin-5 in intestine (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, fish fed 15% starch diets decreased antioxidant enzyme mRNA levels (Nrf2, CAT and SOD) and activities (SOD and CAT) compared to the other groups (P < 0.05). The increased dietary starch levels upregulated the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-8, IL-1β and TNFα) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β1) (P < 0.05). Addnl., the abundance of intestinal probiotics (such as Lactobacillus) decreased with the increase of dietary starch level (P < 0.05), while abundance of intestinal potentially pathogenic bacteria (such as Brevundimonas and Ralstonia) increased (P < 0.05). Fish fed 15% starch diet had less concentrations of acetate and butyrate in intestinal digesta than the 5% starch group (P < 0.05). These results suggested that 15% starch diets would impair the intestinal health, suppress immune and antioxidant capacity and finally reduced growth of Micropterus salmoides. The imbalances in intestinal microbiota and the reduced production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) may be partly responsible for the loss of intestinal function. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Characterization of fragrant compounds in different types of high-salt liquid-state fermentation soy sauce from China was written by Li, Jingyao;Zhang, Mengli;Feng, Xiaojuan;Ding, Tingting;Zhao, Yue;Sun, Chengguo;Zhou, Shengli;He, Jing;Wang, Chunling. And the article was included in LWT–Food Science and Technology in 2022.Recommanded Product: 3391-86-4 This article mentions the following:

The aroma and sensory characteristics of 21 com. high-salt liquid fermentation soy sauces (HLFSS) suitable for different edible methods were investigated by MS-based non-targeted metabolomics workflow using headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatog./mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) combined with sensory evaluation. A total of 325 compounds were detected, and 60 were considered aroma-active compounds Light soy sauce (LSS) and premium soy sauce (PSS) for direct dipping contained more alcs. and esters. Aldehydes and furans were more abundant in dark soy sauce (DSS) used for stir-frying and braising. Principal component anal. (PCA) clustered LSS, DSS, and PSS into different quadrants and distinguished HLFSS of north-south origin. In addition, orthogonal partial least squares discriminant anal. (OPLS-DA) confirmed that the difference in volatile compounds of HLFSS in northern and southern China was related to local manufacturers use of the Japanese and Cantonese fermentation processes. Sensory evaluations showed that LSS and PSS had prominent alc. and fruit aromas, while DSS had firmer caramel and malty aromas. Aroma-active compounds influenced regional differences in sensory attributes. The present study results will provide a theor. basis for broadening industrial soy sauce production with different flavors. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4Recommanded Product: 3391-86-4).

Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Recommanded Product: 3391-86-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Design and synthesis of novel α-aminoamides derivatives as Nav1.7 inhibitors for antinociception was written by Xue, Dengqi;Liu, Yani;Zheng, Yilin;Niu, Heling;Dong, Liying;Ouyang, Xiangshuo;Song, Siyu;Zhang, Denggao;Ge, Qianwei;Wang, Kewei;Shao, Liming. And the article was included in Chinese Chemical Letters in 2022.Formula: C8H9FO This article mentions the following:

Three novel series of α-aminoamides derivatives were designed and synthesized based on ralfinamide, and their Nav1.7 inhibitory activities were evaluated using manual patch clamp electrophysiol. Active compounds inhibited Nav1.7 with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values ranging from 2.9μmol/L to 21.4μmol/L. Among them, the most potent compound I [R = 2H-1,3-benzodioxol-4-ylmethyl] exhibited about 12-fold potency better than ralfinamide. The investigation of their structure-activity relationship gives a strategy to improve the Nav1.7 inhibition of ralfinamide analogs. Compound I [R = 2H-1,3-benzodioxol-4-ylmethyl] was efficacious in antinociception in the mouse spared nerve injury (SNI) model of neuropathic pain without causing sedation in the open field test. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4Formula: C8H9FO).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Formula: C8H9FO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Multifunctional self-healing eutectogels induced by supramolecular assembly for smart conductive materials, interface lubrication and dye adsorption was written by Fan, Kaiqi;Wang, Lei;Wei, Wangchong;Wen, Fuqiang;Xu, Yunhan;Zhang, Xiaojing;Guan, Xidong. And the article was included in Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) in 2022.Safety of 1,2-Propanediol This article mentions the following:

The self-healing eutectogels with multifunctionality have attracted much attention in soft materials owing to their high conductivity and non-volatility. However, obtaining eutectogels with complete recovery of mech. properties is still challenging. Herein, we developed a series of halogenated dibenzylidene-D-sorbitol (X-DBS) gelators. The X-DBS could form eutectogels in deep eutectic solvents obtained from choline chloride combined with alcs. or urea, which exhibit self-healing, complete recovery, load-bearing, and injectability. Fourier transform IR, ¹⁹F NMR, and mol. dynamics simulations showed that the hydrogen bond between the C-F bond and the solvent mol. is key to the self-healing property of the eutectogels. Interestingly, the high ionic conductivity and self-healing property of our eutectogel make it potentially useful in a smart ionic conductor. Moreover, the self-healing eutectogels with corrosion resistance showed good lubricating performances on steel interfaces. In addition, the eutectogels showed excellent dye adsorption, effectively removing dyes from aqueous solutions Thus, the efficient DBS-based eutectogels with self-healing properties are excellent candidates for conductive materials, interfacial lubrication, dye adsorption, and other applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6Safety of 1,2-Propanediol).

1,2-Propanediol (cas: 57-55-6) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Safety of 1,2-Propanediol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effect of osmotic agent and vacuum application on mass exchange and qualitative parameters of osmotically dehydrated strawberries was written by Macedo, Leandro Levate;Correa, Jefferson Luiz Gomes;da Silva Araujo, Cintia;Vimercati, Wallaf Costa. And the article was included in Journal of Food Processing and Preservation in 2022.Recommanded Product: 149-32-6 This article mentions the following:

Sucrose is the most commonly used solute in the osmotic dehydration (OD) of fruits. However, there is increasing interest in replacing it with other alternative sugars. Polyols are carbohydrates with low glycemic, insulinemic, and cariogenic indexes. Therefore, this work aimed to study the influence of the type of osmotic agent (sucrose, erythritol, or maltitol) and vacuum application on mass transfer and phys. and nutritional changes in 10-mm edge strawberry cubes. OD was performed with or without vacuum application during the first 20 min in a total process time of 300 min. Higher solid gain, water loss and weight reduction, and lower water activity and moisture content were observed by using erythritol solution The vacuum application strengthened this behavior. The color of the samples was affected by factors. Osmotic processes reduced the total anthocyanin content (TAC), showing that leaching is an important qual. flow during osmotic processes. Novelty impact statement : Polyols showed good potential as an osmotic agent in the osmotic dehydration of strawberries and are a good alternative to the use of sucrose. Osmotic dehydration promoted a satisfactory impregnation of polyols in the strawberry, mainly with the application of vacuum, in which the mass exchange rates were increased. However, leaching was an important flow of anthocyanin loss from strawberries to the osmotic solution In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6Recommanded Product: 149-32-6).

(2R,3S)-rel-Butane-1,2,3,4-tetraol (cas: 149-32-6) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Recommanded Product: 149-32-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Hormone Therapy and Other Treatments for Symptoms of Menopause. was written by Hill, D Ashley;Crider, Mark;Hill, Susan R. And the article was included in American family physician in 2016.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

The results of large clinical trials have led physicians and patients to question the safety of hormone therapy for menopause. In the past, physicians prescribed hormone therapy to improve overall health and prevent cardiac disease, as well as for symptoms of menopause. Combined estrogen/progestogen therapy, but not estrogen alone, increases the risk of breast cancer when used for more than three to five years. Therefore, in women with a uterus, it is recommended that physicians prescribe combination therapy only to treat menopausal symptoms such as vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes) and vaginal atrophy, using the smallest effective dosage for the shortest possible duration. Although estrogen is the most effective treatment for hot flashes, nonhormonal alternatives such as low-dose paroxetine, venlafaxine, and gabapentin are effective alternatives. Women with a uterus who are using estrogen should also take a progestogen to reduce the risk of endometrial cancer. Women who cannot tolerate adverse effects of progestogens may benefit from a combined formulation of estrogen and the selective estrogen receptor modulator bazedoxifene. There is no highquality, consistent evidence that yoga, paced respiration, acupuncture, exercise, stress reduction, relaxation therapy, and alternative therapies such as black cohosh, botanical products, omega-3 fatty acid supplements, and dietary Chinese herbs benefit patients more than placebo. One systematic review suggests modest improvement in hot flashes and vaginal dryness with soy products, and small studies suggest that clinical hypnosis significantly reduces hot flashes. Patients with genitourinary syndrome of menopause may benefit from vaginal estrogen, nonhormonal vaginal moisturizers, or ospemifene (the only nonhormonal treatment approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for dyspareunia due to menopausal atrophy). The decision to use hormone therapy depends on clinical presentation, a thorough evaluation of the risks and benefits, and an informed discussion with the patient. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

(Z)-2-(4-(4-Chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-en-1-yl)phenoxy)ethan-1-ol (cas: 128607-22-7) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts