Month: January 2023

Effect of polar molecular organic solvents on non-aqueous solvent extraction of rare-earth elements was written by Dewulf, Brecht;Cool, Vincent;Li, Zheng;Binnemans, Koen. And the article was included in Separation and Purification Technology in 2022.Application In Synthesis of 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) This article mentions the following:

The extraction and separation of five different rare-earth elements, La, Nd, Eu, Dy and Yb, from an aqueous chloride solution and from different chloride non-aqueous solutions using the solvating extractant Cyanex 923 was investigated. As previous studies had demonstrated the potential of non-aqueous solvent extraction (NASX) to refine rare earths from ethylene glycol, structural analogs of ethylene glycol (1,2-propanediol and 1,3-propanediol) and to other polar organic solvents (triethylene glycol, dimethylsulfoxide, methanol, N,N-dimethylformamide and N,N-dimethylacetamide) were studied. The extraction data were interpreted in terms of different solvent properties: dielec. constant, Gutmann donor number, mol. structure and hydrogen-bonding capabilities. Remarkable differences were observed between the extraction behavior from ethylene glycol, 1,2-propanediol and 1,3-propanediol. Therefore, these solvent systems were further studied to elucidate the speciation of the rare-earth elements by optical absorption and luminescence spectroscopy. Based on these studies, both contact-ion-pair formation and solvation strength are assumed to play an important role in the extraction of rare earths by Cyanex 923 from different polar organic solvents. The differences in extraction behavior can be exploited to fine-tune the separation of rare earths. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6Application In Synthesis of 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol)).

2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Application In Synthesis of 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol)

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Highly Sensitive Assay for Acetylcholinesterase Activity and Inhibition Based on a Specifically Reactive Photonic Nanostructure was written by Tian, Tian;Li, Xuesong;Cui, Jiecheng;Li, Jian;Lan, Yue;Wang, Chen;Zhang, Meng;Wang, Hui;Li, Guangtao. And the article was included in ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces in 2014.HPLC of Formula: 109-17-1 This article mentions the following:

Assays for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) with high sensitivity and high selectivity as well as facile manipulation have been urgently required in various fields. A reaction-based photonic strategy was developed for the efficient assay of AChE activity and inhibition based on the synergetic combination of the specific thiol-maleimide addition reaction with photonic porous structure. Various applications including detection of AChE activity, measurement of the related enzymic kinetics, and screening of inhibitors could be efficiently implemented using such strategy. Remarkably, the unique photonic nanostructure endows the constructed sensing platform with high sensitivity with a limit of detection (LOD) of 5 mU/mL for AChE activity, high selectivity, and self-reporting signaling. Moreover, the label-free solid film-based sensing approach described here has advantages of facile manipulation and bare-eye readout, compared with conventional liquid-phase methods, exhibiting promising potential in practical application for the AChE assay. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1HPLC of Formula: 109-17-1).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.HPLC of Formula: 109-17-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Effect of drying on vitamin, carotene, organic acid, mineral composition, and microstructural properties of mango (Mangifera indica) was written by Sarkar, Tanmay;Salauddin, Molla;Sheikh, Hassan Ibrahim;Pati, Siddhartha;Chakraborty, Runu. And the article was included in Journal of Food Processing and Preservation in 2022.Name: Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate This article mentions the following:

Mangoes are rich in vitamins, carotenes, organic acids (OA), and minerals. Sun, convective, microwave, and freeze-drying have been adopted for mango leather processing. Raw mango pulp (RMP) was found superior in vitamin A (1.52 ± 0.06 mg/100 g) and ascorbic acid (41.58 ± 1.36 mg/100 g) content. Vitamin D was not detected in the raw or dried product. Citric acid is found highest in the RMP (633.70 ± 2.05 mg/100 g). Drying significantly affects the vitamin (decrement of 20.32%-92.69% for vitamin A, 16.58%-61.31% for tocopherols, 29.94%-143% for vitamin C), and carotene content (3.17%-87.99% decrease). An increase of 5.62% and 15.16% in propionic acid content was observed for microwave and sun-dried products resp., while a decrease of 6.48% to 9.98-fold was there for other OA. Crystal formation was observed in all samples except microwave dried. Microwave drying was found the best method in terms of nutrient retention may be due to the requirement of a relatively shorter drying time. Mango leather is a traditional snack product with high nutritional value. The in-depth vitamins and mineral composition is studied in different processing methods along with its microstructural changes that may take place in different drying processes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6Name: Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate).

Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate (cas: 137-08-6) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Name: Calcium (R)-3-(2,4-dihydroxy-3,3-dimethylbutanamido)propanoate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Stereoselective biocatalytic hydride transfer to substituted acetophenones by the yeast Metschnikowia koreensis was written by Singh, Amit;Chisti, Yusuf;Banerjee, U. C.. And the article was included in Process Biochemistry (Oxford, United Kingdom) in 2012.Product Details of 171032-87-4 This article mentions the following:

Freely suspended and variously entrapped viable cells of the yeast Metschnikowia koreensis were examined for the asym. reduction of prochiral acetophenone. A ketone substrate at 25 mM can be converted (92%) to the corresponding alc. within 3 h using freely suspended cells [46 mg/mL dry cell weight (DCW)] at pH 9 (Tris buffer, 50 mM), 25 °C, in an agitated reactor (200 rpm). The reaction displayed an excellent stereoselectivity of >99%. Supplementation of the reaction mixture with glucose (20 g/L) greatly enhanced the rate of the bioreduction reaction likely because of improved cofactor recycling in the cells. The cells could successfully reduce various acetophenones substituted with electron withdrawing groups on the Ph ring, particularly at the para-position compared to ortho- or meta-substituted acetophenones. The ketone reductase of M. koreensis showed Prelog-selectivity as the reaction exclusively yielded (S)-alcs. The thermostability and the substrate tolerance of the yeast were improved by immobilization in calcium alginate beads. Immobilization reduced the effectiveness factor only slightly. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4Product Details of 171032-87-4).

(S)-1-(2-Fluorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 171032-87-4) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Product Details of 171032-87-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Studies on agents with vasodilator and β-blocking activities. II was written by Seki, Toshimi;Takezaki, Takayuki;Ohuchi, Rikio;Ohuyabu, Hiroshi;Tanimoto, Yoshitaka;Yamaguchi, Takashi;Saitoh, Morinobu;Ishimori, Tsutomu;Yasuda, Kikuo. And the article was included in Chemical & Pharmaceutical Bulletin in 1995.COA of Formula: C5H13NO This article mentions the following:

Phenoxypropanolamines having a hydrazinopyridazinyl moiety I (n = integer; X = O, S; R = H, alkyl, etc.) were synthesized. Their hypotensive and β-blocking activities were evaluated after i.v. administration of the compounds to anesthetized rats. Some of them exhibited both activities. In particular, I (R = 2-chloro; n = 1; X = O) is a candidate for clin. use due to its hypotensive activity, equal to that of hydralazine, and its β-blocking activity, 2.4-fold more potent than that of propranolol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Amino-3-methylbutan-1-ol (cas: 42514-50-1COA of Formula: C5H13NO).

3-Amino-3-methylbutan-1-ol (cas: 42514-50-1) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.COA of Formula: C5H13NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A modular design of ruthenium catalysts with diamine and BINOL-derived phosphinite ligands that are enantiomerically-matched for the effective asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of simple ketones was written by Guo, Rongwei;Elpelt, Christian;Chen, Xuanhua;Song, Datong;Morris, Robert H.. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2005.Recommanded Product: (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol This article mentions the following:

A method is reported for making a potentially very wide series of ruthenium hydrido chloro complexes with diamine and readily-prepared diphosphinite ligand modules as precatalysts for the asym. transfer hydrogenation of simple ketones to give chiral alcs. in good yield and enantioselectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9Recommanded Product: (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol).

(R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Recommanded Product: (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chemical control of mammalian circadian behavior through dual inhibition of casein kinase Iα and δ was written by Lee, Jae Wook;Hirota, Tsuyoshi;Ono, Daisuke;Honma, Sato;Honma, Ken-ichi;Park, Keunwan;Kay, Steve A.. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2019.Application of 5856-63-3 This article mentions the following:

Circadian rhythms are controlled by transcriptional feedback loops of clock genes and proteins. The stability of clock proteins is regulated by post-translational modification, such as phosphorylation by kinases. In particular, casein kinase I (CKI) phosphorylates the PER protein to regulate proteasomal degradation and nuclear localization. Therefore, CKI inhibition can modulate mammalian circadian rhythms. In the present study, we have developed novel CKIα and CKIδ dual inhibitors by extensive structural modification of N9 and C2 position of longdaysin. We identified NCC007 (I) that showed stronger period effects (0.32 μM for 5 h period lengthening) in a cell-based circadian assay. The following in vitro kinase assay showed that I inhibited CKIα and CKIδ with an IC₅₀ of 1.8 and 3.6 μM. We further demonstrated that I lengthened the period of mouse behavioral rhythms in vivo. Thus, I is a valuable tool compound to control circadian rhythms through CKI inhibition. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Application of 5856-63-3).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Application of 5856-63-3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

In Vitro Culture of Late Stage Pig Embryos in a Chemically Defined Medium, Porcine Blastocyst Medium (PBM) was written by Mito, Tomomi;Hoshi, Hiroyoshi. And the article was included in Methods in Molecular Biology (New York, NY, United States) in 2019.Application of 5743-47-5 This article mentions the following:

In vitro production (IVP) of porcine preimplantation embryos is an important technique not only for basic and biomedical research purposes but also for animal biotechnol. application such as transgenesis, cloning, and embryo transfer. In this chapter, we demonstrate a superior IVP procedure of porcine embryos derived from cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) of slaughtered pig ovaries which are cultured sequentially in different defined media. Porcine blastocyst medium (PBM) particularly designed for the late stage embryo culture could improve the potential of morulae or blastocysts to develop into hatching and hatched blastocysts with good quality. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5Application of 5743-47-5).

Calcium 2-hydroxypropanoate pentahydrate (cas: 5743-47-5) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Application of 5743-47-5

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Catalytic β C-H amination via an imidate radical relay was written by Stateman, Leah M.;Wappes, Ethan A.;Nakafuku, Kohki M.;Edwards, Kara M.;Nagib, David A.. And the article was included in Chemical Science in 2019.COA of Formula: C9H9F3O This article mentions the following:

The first catalytic strategy to harness imidate radicals for C-H functionalization has been developed. This iodine-catalyzed approach enables β C-H amination of alcs. e.g., 4-trichloroacetamidyl cholesterol by an imidate-mediated radical relay. In contrast to the first-generation, (super)stoichiometric protocol, this catalytic method enables faster and more efficient reactivity. Furthermore, lower oxidant concentration affords broader functional group tolerance, including alkenes (6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienol), alkynes (isonicotinonitrile), alcs.(1-octanol), carbonyls (Me 2-(([(4-nitrobenzene)sulfonyl]oxy)amino)-3-phenylpropanoate) and heteroarenes (quinoline, benzofuran, benzo[b]thiophene, etc.). Mechanistic experiments interrogating the electronic nature of the key 1,5 H-atom transfer event are included, as well as probes for chemo-, regio-, and stereo-selectivity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6COA of Formula: C9H9F3O).

2-(4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenyl)ethanol (cas: 2968-93-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.COA of Formula: C9H9F3O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Redox reactions of small organic molecules using ball milling and piezoelectric materials was written by Kubota, Koji;Pang, Yadong;Miura, Akira;Ito, Hajime. And the article was included in Science (Washington, DC, United States) in 2019.Recommanded Product: 68716-49-4 This article mentions the following:

Over the past decade, photoredox catalysis has harnessed light energy to accelerate bond-forming reactions. We postulated that a complementary method for the redox-activation of small organic mols. in response to applied mech. energy could be developed through the piezoelec. effect. Here, we report that agitation of piezoelec. materials via ball milling reduces aryl diazonium salts. This mechanoredox system can be applied to arylation and borylation reactions under mechanochem. conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Recommanded Product: 68716-49-4).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Recommanded Product: 68716-49-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts