Month: January 2023

Multiscale Charge Injection and Transport Properties in Self-Assembled Monolayers of Biphenyl Thiols with Varying Torsion Angles was written by Masillamani, Appan Merari;Crivillers, Nuria;Orgiu, Emanuele;Rotzler, Juergen;Bossert, David;Thippeswamy, Ramakrishnappa;Zharnikov, Michael;Mayor, Marcel;Samori, Paolo. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2012.Related Products of 29364-29-2 This article mentions the following:

This article describes the mol. structure-function relation for biphenylthiol derivatives with varying torsional degree of freedom in their mol. backbone when self-assembled on gold electrodes. These biphenylthiol mols. chemisorbed on Au exhibit different tilt angles with respect to the surface normal and different packing densities. The charge transport through the biphenylthiol self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) showed a characteristic decay trend with the effective monolayer thickness. Based on parallel pathways model the tunneling decay factor β is 0.27 Å^-1. The hole mobility of poly(3-hexylthiophene)-based thin-film transistors incorporating a biphenylthiol SAM coating the Au source and drain electrodes revealed a dependence on the injection barrier with the HOMO level of the semiconductor. The possible role of the resistivity of the SAMs on transistor electrodes on the threshold voltage shift is discussed. The control over the chem. structure, electronic properties, and packing order of the SAMs provides a versatile platform to regulate the charge injection in organic electronic devices. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2Related Products of 29364-29-2).

Sodium 2-methyl-2-propanethiolate (cas: 29364-29-2) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Related Products of 29364-29-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Glucose-responsive oral insulin delivery platform for one treatment a day in diabetes was written by Xiao, Yufen;Tang, Zhongmin;Huang, Xiangang;Joseph, John;Chen, Wei;Liu, Chuang;Zhou, Jun;Kong, Na;Joshi, Nitin;Du, Jianzhong;Tao, Wei. And the article was included in Matter in 2021.SDS of cas: 68716-49-4 This article mentions the following:

Oral delivery of insulin is of great convenience in treating diabetes but is still subject to the harsh gastrointestinal tract. Herein, we developed an intelligent oral insulin platform based on glucose-responsive polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), which possess the following advantages: (1) protect the integrity and bioavailability of loaded insulin against gastrointestinal tract, (2) overcome the intestinal epithelial barriers via neonatal Fc receptor-mediated transport, and (3) on-demand release of insulin dependent solely on blood glucose levels to avoid hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia caused by unsafe doses of insulin. Notably, our oral NPs extended the therapeutic effect to up to 16 h in type 1 diabetic mice. To our knowledge, this is the longest effective time among such types of oral insulin platforms reported to date and may reduce the frequency of insulin administration to once daily. This platform might be useful for the oral delivery of biologics in treating diabetes and related complications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4SDS of cas: 68716-49-4).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. A strong base can deprotonate an alcohol to yield an alkoxide ion (R―O−). For example, sodamide (NaNH2), a very strong base, abstracts the hydrogen atom of an alcohol. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.SDS of cas: 68716-49-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Backbone-anchoring, solid-phase synthesis strategy to access a library of peptidouridine-containing small molecules was written by Arbour, Christine A.;Imperiali, Barbara. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2022.Recommanded Product: (5-Methylpyridin-3-yl)methanol This article mentions the following:

Nucleoside diphosphate sugar (NDP-sugar) substrates provide the inspiration for nucleoside analog inhibitor scaffolds. By employing solid-phase synthesis, we provide a method to access a library of peptidouridine inhibitors with both minimal compound handling and purification steps. Specifically, this strategy is exemplified by generating uridine diphosphate sugar (UDP-sugar) mimics, which allow for compound elaboration by altering the dipeptide composition, the N-terminal linkage, and a pendant aryl group. To exemplify the versatility, 41 unique nucleoside analogs are presented. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (5-Methylpyridin-3-yl)methanol (cas: 102074-19-1Recommanded Product: (5-Methylpyridin-3-yl)methanol).

(5-Methylpyridin-3-yl)methanol (cas: 102074-19-1) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Recommanded Product: (5-Methylpyridin-3-yl)methanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Synthesis and efficacy of norfloxacin loaded onto magnetic hydrogel nanocomposites was written by Salahuddin, Nehal;Rehab, Ahmed;Emad, Sahar. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2021.COA of Formula: C16H26O7 This article mentions the following:

A targeted drug delivery system based on biocompatible magnetic hydrogel nanocomposites consisting of poly[oligo(oxyethylene methacrylate)] anchored Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles was synthesized. The characteristics, thermal properties, morphol. and magnetic properties were studied by XRD, FT-IR, TGA, SEM, TEM and VSM. A norfloxacin (NOR) anti-bacterial agent with a potential antitumor activity was immobilized into hydrogels, Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles and their magnetic hydrogel nanocomposites. The in vitro drug release manner of NOR was explored at different temperatures and pH values. The behavior of the drug release has been studied via different kinetic models. The antibacterial efficacy was tested against Streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus, Kelebsella pneumonia and Escherichia coli via well diffusion method, and showed significant activity compared to the unloaded drug. Furthermore, an antitumor efficacy against HCT-116, HepG-2, PC3 and MCF-7 cancer cells revealed the highest cytotoxic efficacy with no influence on healthy cells. These nanodrugs, retaining both antibacterial and anticancer efficacy, have a talented therapeutic potential because of their selective cytotoxicity, connected with the ability to minimize the risk of bacterial infection in a cancer patient who is frequently immunocompromised. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, ((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1COA of Formula: C16H26O7).

((Oxybis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl) bis(2-methylacrylate) (cas: 109-17-1) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.COA of Formula: C16H26O7

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Mild, Selective Ru-Catalyzed Deuteration Using D₂O as a Deuterium Source was written by Eisele, Pascal;Ullwer, Franziska;Scholz, Sven;Plietker, Bernd. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2019.Related Products of 68716-49-4 This article mentions the following:

A method for the selective deuteration of polyfunctional organic mols. using catalytic amounts of [RuCl₂(PPh₃)₃] and D₂O as a deuterium source is presented. Through variation of additives like CuI, KOH, and various amounts of zinc powder, orthogonal chemoselectivities in the deuteration process were observed Mechanistic investigation indicated the presence of different, defined Ru-complexes under the given specific conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Related Products of 68716-49-4).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Related Products of 68716-49-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Identification of aroma-active compounds responsible for the floral and sweet odors of Congou black teas using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry/olfactometry, odor activity value, and chemometrics was written by Xue, Jinjin;Guo, Guiyi;Liu, Panpan;Chen, Lin;Wang, Weiwei;Zhang, Jianyong;Yin, Junfeng;Ni, Dejiang;Engelhardt, Ulrich H.;Jiang, Heyuan. And the article was included in Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture in 2022.Electric Literature of C8H16O This article mentions the following:

Floral and sweet odors are two typical characteristic aromas of Congou black tea, but their aroma-active compounds are still unclear. Characterizing the key aroma-active compounds can provide a theor. foundation for the practical aroma quality evaluation of Congou black tea and directional processing technol. of high-quality black tea with floral or sweet odors. Gas chromatog.-olfactometry (GC-O) combined with odor activity value (OAV) is often used to screen key aroma-active substances, but the interaction between aroma components and their impact on the overall sensory quality is ignored. Therefore, in this study, OAV combined with variable importance in projection (VIP) and Spearman correlation anal. (SCA) were used to characterize the aroma-active components of Congou black teas with floral and sweet odors. Eighty-five volatiles were identified in these samples using gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Twenty-three compounds were identified as potential markers for the floral and sweet odors of Congou black teas from orthogonal partial least squares discriminant anal. (OPLS-DA). Eighteen compounds were selected as candidate aroma compounds based on GC-O anal. and OAV calculations In addition, 26 compounds were screened as crucial aroma compounds based on SCA. Finally, 19 compounds were evaluated as key aroma compounds by the comprehensive evaluation of VIP, OAV, and SCA. Terpenoids are the main active compounds that contribute to the floral odor of Congou black tea, whereas aldehydes are the key compounds for the sweet odor. The proposed method can effectively screen the aroma-active compounds and can be used for comprehensive quality control of products. 2022 Society of Chem. Industry. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4Electric Literature of C8H16O).

Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Electric Literature of C8H16O

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Spreadable plant-based cheese analogue with dry-fractioned pea protein and inulin-olive oil emulsion-filled gel was written by Mefleh, Marina;Pasqualone, Antonella;Caponio, Francesco;De Angelis, Davide;Natrella, Giuseppe;Summo, Carmine;Faccia, Michele. And the article was included in Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture in 2022.SDS of cas: 3391-86-4 This article mentions the following:

BACKGROUND : Consumer demand for plant-based cheese analogs (PCA) is growing because of the easy and versatile ways in which they can be used. However, the products available on the market are nutritionally poor. They are low in protein, high in saturated fat and sodium, and often characterized by a long list of ingredients. RESULTS : A clean label spreadable plant-based cheese analog was developed using dry-fractionated pea protein and an emulsion-filled gel composed of extra virgin olive oil and inulin, added in different concentrations as fat replacer (10%, 13% and 15% of the formulation). First, nutritional and textural analyses were performed, and the results were compared with two com. products. The products were high in protein (134 g kg-1) and low in fat (52.2 g kg-1). The formulated PCAs had similar spreadability index to the dairy cheese but lower hardness (15.1 vs. 19.0 N) and a higher elasticity (0.60 vs. 0.35) consequent to their lower fat content (52.2 vs. 250 g kg-1). Then, dry oregano and rosemary (5 g kg-1) were added to the PCA, and sensory evaluation and anal. of volatile compounds were conducted. The addition of spices masked the legume flavor and significantly enriched the final product with aromatic compounds CONCLUSION : The use of dry-fractioned pea protein and of the emulsion-filled gel allowed us to develop a clean label and nutritionally valuable spreadable plant-based cheese analog. Overall, the ingredients and product concepts developed could be used to upgrade the formulation of plant-based cheese on a larger scale. 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chem. Industry. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4SDS of cas: 3391-86-4).

Oct-1-en-3-ol (cas: 3391-86-4) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.SDS of cas: 3391-86-4

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

An O-Benzyl Phosphonamidate Prodrug of Tenofovir for the Treatment of Hepatitis B Virus Infection was written by Zhang, Qianqian;Peng, Youmei;Hou, Jiao;Chen, Yanhong;Liu, Bingjie;Zhang, Pinghu;Yu, Wenquan;Chang, Junbiao. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2022.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

A series of new O-(substituted benzyl) phosphoramidate prodrugs of tenofovir for the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections have been designed and synthesized. An investigation of structure-activity relationships revealed that the compound bearing an o-methylbenzyl group (1a) has the most potent in vitro anti-HBV activity. This prodrug (1a) was well-tolerated in KM mice via intragastric administration at a dosage of up to 1.5 g/kg. In DHBV-infected ducks, prodrug 1a displayed a good inhibitory effect on the viral DNA replication in both the serum and the liver in a time- and dose-dependent manner and did not cause any necrosis, hemorrhage, or inflammatory response in the animal livers. Further investigation demonstrated that prodrug 1a achieved a higher exposure of the bioactive metabolite (tenofovir diphosphate, TFV-DP) in the liver, the target organ for the treatment of HBV infection, than tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF) did at an equimolar dose. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

(4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Meta-selective C_Ar-H nitration of arenes through a Ru₃(CO)₁₂-catalyzed ortho-metalation strategy was written by Fan, Zhoulong;Ni, Jiabin;Zhang, Ao. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2016.Synthetic Route of C4H11NO This article mentions the following:

The first example of transition metal-catalyzed meta-selective C_Ar-H nitration of arenes, substituted with N-donor directing groups, such as 2-phenylpyridines, is described. With the use of Ru₃(CO)₁₂ as the catalyst and Cu(NO₃)₂·3H₂O as the nitro source, a wide spectrum of arenes bearing diversified N-heterocycles or oximido as the directing groups were nitrated with meta-selectivity exclusively. Mechanism studies have demonstrated the formation of a new 18e-octahedral ruthenium species as a key ortho-C_Ar-H metalated intermediate, which may be responsible for the subsequent meta-selective electrophilic aromatic substitution (S_EAr). Moreover, this approach provides a fast-track strategy for atom/step economical synthesis of many useful pharmaceutical mols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Synthetic Route of C4H11NO).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Synthetic Route of C4H11NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Optimization of ultrasonic cellulase-assisted extraction and antioxidant activity of natural polyphenols from passion fruit was written by Wang, Wei;Gao, Yu-Ting;Wei, Ji-Wen;Chen, Yin-Feng;Liu, Qing-Lei;Liu, Hui-Min. And the article was included in Molecules in 2021.Product Details of 10083-24-6 This article mentions the following:

In this paper, ultrasonic cellulase extraction (UCE) was applied to extract polyphenols from passion fruit. The extraction conditions for total phenol content (TPC) and antioxidant activity were optimized using response surface methodol. (RSM) coupled with a Box-Behnken design (BBD). The results showed that the liquid-to-solid ratio (X₂) was the most significant single factor and had a pos. effect on all responses. The ANOVA anal. indicated quadratic models fitted well as TPC with R² = 0.903, DPPH scavenging activity with R² = 0.979, and ABTS scavenging activity with R² = 0.981. The optimal extraction parameters of passion fruit were as follows: pH value of 5 at 30°C for extraction temperature, 50:1 (w/v) liquid-to-solid ratio with extraction time for 47 min, the exptl. values were found matched with those predicted. IR spectroscopy suggested that the extract contained the structure of polyphenols. Furthermore, three main polyphenols were identified and quantified by HPLC. The results showed the content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of the optimized UCE were 1.5∼2 times higher than that determined by the single extraction method and the Soxhlet extraction method, which indicates UCE is a competitive and effective extraction technique for natural passion fruit polyphenols. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Product Details of 10083-24-6).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Product Details of 10083-24-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts