Month: January 2023

Systemic metastasis-targeted nanotherapeutic reinforces tumor surgical resection and chemotherapy was written by Xu, Minjun;Hu, Kaili;Liu, Yipu;Huang, Yukun;Liu, Shanshan;Chen, Yu;Wang, Dayuan;Zhou, Songlei;Zhang, Qian;Mei, Ni;Lu, Huiping;Li, Fengan;Gao, Xiaoling;Chen, Jun. And the article was included in Nature Communications in 2021.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Failure of conventional clin. therapies such as tumor resection and chemotherapy are mainly due to the ineffective control of tumor metastasis. Metastasis consists of three steps: (i) tumor cells extravasate from the primary sites into the circulation system via epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), (ii) the circulating tumor cells (CTCs) form “micro-thrombi” with platelets to evade the immune surveillance in circulation, and (iii) the CTCs colonize in the pre-metastatic niche. Here, we design a systemic metastasis-targeted nanotherapeutic (H@CaPP) composed of an anti-inflammatory agent, piceatannol, and an anti-thrombotic agent, low mol. weight heparin, to hinder the multiple steps of tumor metastasis. H@CaPP is found efficiently impeded EMT, inhibited the formation of “micro-thrombi”, and prevented the development of pre-metastatic niche. When combined with surgical resection or chemotherapy, H@CaPP efficiently inhibits tumor metastasis and prolonged overall survival of tumor-bearing mice. Collectively, we provide a simple and effective systemic metastasis-targeted nanotherapeutic for combating tumor metastasis. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

(E)-4-(3,5-Dihydroxystyryl)benzene-1,2-diol (cas: 10083-24-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Properties of thiol-vinyl PDLC films without additional photoinitiator was written by Lee, Jin Woo;Kim, Joon Ki;Ahmad, Farzana;Jamil, Muhammad;Jeon, Young Jae. And the article was included in Liquid Crystals in 2014.Related Products of 4074-88-8 This article mentions the following:

Polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films block UV light and have been used as smart windows, light shutters and rear screens on buildings. Generally, PDLCs are fabricated by photopolymerization using photoinitiators (PIs), which may induce film degradation by UV light. In this study, we report the fabrication of thiol-vinyl PDLC films by the polymerization-induced phase separation method without the addition of PI. The stoichiometric ratio of the thiol and vinyl monomers was optimized based on variations in the FT-IR absorbance intensity. The fabricated films displayed good electro-optical properties. The durability of the PDLC films (with and without PI) was investigated by observation under UV irradiation for 10 days, following which the films were characterised using a spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscope and polarised optical microscope. The thiol-vinyl PDLC film without PI exhibited good physicochem. durability and low haze variation under UV irradiation In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Related Products of 4074-88-8).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Related Products of 4074-88-8

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Highly (E)-Selective Tri-Substituted Alkene Synthesis by Low-Valent Titanium-Mediated Homolytic Cleavage of Alcohol C-O Bond was written by Suga, Takuya;Takada, Ryusei;Shimazu, Shoma;Sakata, Mizuki;Ukaji, Yutaka. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2022.Name: (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

Ti-mediated homolytic C-O bond cleavage was useful for cascade radical-ionic reactions. Benzyl alcs. treated with TiCl₄(col) (col = 2,4,6-collidine) and Mn powder generated the corresponding benzyl radicals; in addition, their reaction with 2-carboxy-allyl acetates and the subsequent elimination of the acetoxy group yielded α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds I [R = Ph, 1-phenylethyl, undecyl, etc.; Ar = Ph, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 1-naphthyl, etc.] with exclusive (E)-stereoselectivity. The simplicity of the procedure and its wide substrate scope represented a solution to the drawbacks associated with the reactions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7Name: (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol).

(4-Chlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 873-76-7) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Name: (4-Chlorophenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Biocide leaching from CBA treated wood – A mechanistic interpretation was written by Lupsea, Maria;Mathies, Helena;Schoknecht, Ute;Tiruta-Barna, Ligia;Schiopu, Nicoleta. And the article was included in Science of the Total Environment in 2013.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Treated wood is frequently used for construction. However, there is a need to ensure that biocides used for the treatment are not a threat for people or environment. The paper focused on Pinus sylvestris treated with copper-boron-azole (CBA), containing tebuconazole as organic biocide and monoethanolamine (Mea). This study investigates chem. mechanisms of fixation and mobilization involved in the leaching process of the used inorganic and organic biocides in CBA. A pH dependent leaching test was performed, followed by a set of complementary anal. methods in order to identify and quantify the species released from wood. The main findings of this study are:Organic compounds are released from untreated and treated wood; the quantity of released total organic carbon, carboxylic and phenolic functions increasing with the pH. Nitrogen containing compounds, i.e. mainly Mea and its reaction products with extractives, are released in important quantities from CBA treated wood, especially at low pH. The release of copper is the result of competitive reactions: fixation via complexation reactions and complexation with extractives in the liquid phase. The specific pH dependency of Cu leaching is explained by the competition of ligands for protonation and complexation. Tebuconazole is released to a lesser extent relative to its initial content. Its fixation on solid wood structure seems to be influenced by pH, suggesting interactions with OH groups on wood. Boron release appears to be pH independent and very high. This confirms its weak fixation on wood and also no or weak interaction with the extractives. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

rel-(1s,4s)-4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1-methylcyclohexanol hydrate (cas: 2451-01-6) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. Grignard and organolithium reagents are powerful tools for organic synthesis, and the most common products of their reactions are alcohols.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

A Clear-Cut Example of Selective Bpin-Bdan Activation and Precise Bdan Transfer on Boron Conjugate Addition was written by Cid, Jessica;Carbo, Jorge J.;Fernandez, Elena. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2014.Product Details of 1214264-88-6 This article mentions the following:

Activating the non-sym. Bpin-Bdan diboron reagent with alkoxide leads to the formation of two possible adducts: MeO^–→Bpin-Bdan or MeO^–→Bdan-Bpin. Exptl. and theor. investigation confirms that the MeO^–→Bpin interaction is preferred and thus selective formation of a C-Bdan bond upon reaction with an activated C:C bond. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine (cas: 1214264-88-6Product Details of 1214264-88-6).

2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine (cas: 1214264-88-6) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Product Details of 1214264-88-6

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Amide Synthesis by Nickel/Photoredox-Catalyzed Direct Carbamoylation of (Hetero)Aryl Bromides was written by Alandini, Nurtalya;Buzzetti, Luca;Favi, Gianfranco;Schulte, Tim;Candish, Lisa;Collins, Karl D.;Melchiorre, Paolo. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2020.Computed Properties of C12H16BBrO2 This article mentions the following:

Herein, the authors report a one-electron strategy for catalytic amide synthesis that enables the direct carbamoylation of (hetero)aryl bromides. This radical cross-coupling approach, which is based on the combination of nickel and photoredox catalysis, proceeds at ambient temperature and uses readily available dihydropyridines as precursors of carbamoyl radicals. The method’s mild reaction conditions make it tolerant of sensitive-functional-group-containing substrates and allow the installation of an amide scaffold within biol. relevant heterocycles. In addition, the authors installed amide functionalities bearing electron-poor and sterically hindered amine moieties, which would be difficult to prepare with classical dehydrative condensation methods. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Computed Properties of C12H16BBrO2).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Computed Properties of C12H16BBrO2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Design, Synthesis, and In Vitro and In Vivo Antifungal Activity of Novel Triazoles Containing Phenylethynyl Pyrazole Side Chains was written by Ni, Tingjunhong;Ding, Zichao;Xie, Fei;Hao, Yumeng;Bao, Junhe;Zhang, Jingxiang;Yu, Shichong;Jiang, Yuanying;Zhang, Dazhi. And the article was included in Molecules in 2022.Electric Literature of C4H11NO This article mentions the following:

A series of triazole derivatives containing phenylethynyl pyrazole moiety as side chain I (R = 4-fluorobenzylaminyl, 4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl, morpholin-4-yl, etc.) and II (R¹ = F, Cl, CN, CF₃, OCF₃) were designed, synthesized, and most of them exhibited good in vitro antifungal activities. Especially, triazole derivatives I (R = (furan-2-ylmethyl)aminyl) and II (R¹ = CN) showed excellent in vitro activities against C. albicans (MIC = 0.125, 0.0625μg/mL), C. neoformans (MIC = 0.125, 0.0625μg/mL), and A. fumigatus (MIC = 8.0, 4.0μg/mL). Triazole derivatives II (R¹ = CN) also exerted superior activity to triazole derivatives I (R = (furan-2-ylmethyl)aminyl) and fluconazole in inhibiting hyphae growth of C. albicans and inhibiting drug-resistant strains of C. albicans, and it could reduce fungal burdens in mice kidney at a dosage of 1.0 mg/kg. An in vivo efficacy evaluation indicated that triazole derivatives II (R¹ = CN) could effectively protect mice models from C. albicans infection at doses of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg. These results suggested that triazole derivatives II (R¹ = CN) deserves further investigation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3Electric Literature of C4H11NO).

(R)-2-Aminobutan-1-ol (cas: 5856-63-3) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Electric Literature of C4H11NO

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Photo-Organocatalytic Enantioselective Radical Cascade Reactions of Unactivated Olefins was written by Bonilla, Pablo;Rey, Yannick P.;Holden, Catherine M.;Melchiorre, Paolo. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2018.Electric Literature of C12H16BBrO2 This article mentions the following:

Radical cascade processes are invaluable for their ability to rapidly construct complex chiral mols. from simple substrates. However, implementing catalytic asym. variants is difficult. Reported herein is a visible-light-mediated organocatalytic strategy that exploits the excited-state reactivity of chiral iminium ions to trigger radical cascade reactions with high enantioselectivity. By combining two sequential radical-based bond-forming events, the method converts unactivated olefins and α,β-unsaturated aldehydes into chiral adducts in a single step. The implementation of an asym. three-component radical cascade further demonstrates the complexity-generating power of this photochem. strategy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Electric Literature of C12H16BBrO2).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. The oxygen atom of the strongly polarized O―H bond of an alcohol pulls electron density away from the hydrogen atom. This polarized hydrogen, which bears a partial positive charge, can form a hydrogen bond with a pair of nonbonding electrons on another oxygen atom. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Electric Literature of C12H16BBrO2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Nucleophilic Substitution of Aliphatic Fluorides via Pseudohalide Intermediates was written by Jaiswal, Amit K.;Prasad, Pragati K.;Young, Rowan D.. And the article was included in Chemistry – A European Journal in 2019.Safety of (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol This article mentions the following:

A method for aliphatic fluoride functionalization with a variety of nucleophiles has been reported. Carbon-fluoride bond cleavage is thermodynamically driven by the use of silylated pseudohalides TMS-OMs or TMS-NTf₂, resulting in the formation of TMS-F and a trapped aliphatic pseudohalide intermediate. The rate of fluoride/pseudohalide exchange and the stability of this intermediate are such that little rearrangement is observed for terminal fluoride positions in linear aliphatic fluorides. The ability to convert organofluoride positions into pseudohalide groups allows facile nucleophilic attack by a wide range of nucleophiles. The late introduction of the nucleophiles also allows for a wide range of functional-group tolerance in the coupling partners. Selective alkyl fluoride mesylation is observed in the presence of other alkyl halides, allowing for orthogonal synthetic strategies. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8Safety of (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol).

(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol (cas: 1777-82-8) belongs to alcohols. Because alcohols are easily synthesized and easily transformed into other compounds, they serve as important intermediates in organic synthesis. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Safety of (2,4-Dichlorophenyl)methanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ring-Opening Reactions of Nonactivated Aziridines Catalyzed by Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane was written by Watson, Iain D. G.;Yudin, Andrei K.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2003.Name: Trans-2-(benzylamino)cyclohexanol This article mentions the following:

The ring-opening reactions of nonactivated aziridines with amine nucleophiles are efficiently catalyzed by tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane leading to the corresponding trans-1,2-diamines in high yields. A mechanistic investigation of the reaction suggests that in situ formed [(C₆F₅)₃B(OH₂)]·H₂O catalyzes the opening through a Bronsted acid manifold. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Trans-2-(benzylamino)cyclohexanol (cas: 40571-86-6Name: Trans-2-(benzylamino)cyclohexanol).

Trans-2-(benzylamino)cyclohexanol (cas: 40571-86-6) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are weak acids. The most acidic simple alcohols (methanol and ethanol) are about as acidic as water, and most other alcohols are somewhat less acidic. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Name: Trans-2-(benzylamino)cyclohexanol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts