Month: January 2023

Controlled delivery of paclitaxel and heat from poly(β-amino ester)-based magnetic hydrogel nanocomposites for the treatment of cancer was written by Meenach, Samantha A.;Hilt, J. Zach;Anderson, Kimberly W.. And the article was included in Transactions of the Annual Meeting of the Society for Biomaterials in 2010.Name: Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate This article mentions the following:

Poly(β-amino ester) (PBAE) hydrogels exhibit controlled release of paclitaxel and the ability to heat above hyperthermia temperatures showing the potential to be used in synergistic cancer therapy. The degradation, release, and mech. profiles of the nanocomposites can be tailored with the type and amount of macromer present in the gel. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8Name: Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate).

Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate (cas: 4074-88-8) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.Name: Diethyleneglycoldiacrylate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Microwave-mediated asymmetric hydrogen transfer by SBA-15-supported ruthenium catalyst was written by Jin, Myung-Jong;Jun, In-Chul. And the article was included in Hwahak Konghak in 2008.Product Details of 120121-01-9 This article mentions the following:

Mesoporous SBA-15 silica-supported TsCHDA and TsDPEN ligands have been prepared by reaction of SBA-15 silica with (1R,2R)-N-(trimethoxysilylpropyl-N-sulfonyl)-1,2-cyclohaxanediamine or (1R,2R)-N-(trimethoxysilylpropyl-N-sulfonyl)-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine-1,2- diphenylethylenediamine, resp. The Ru complexes exhibited excellent catalytic activity and satisfactory enantioselectivity in the asym. hydrogen transfer of ketones under microwave conditions. The heterogeneous Ru catalyst was reusable as well as air-stable to allow easy use. Microwave-assisted efficient procedure has been developed for asym. hydrogen transfer. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9Product Details of 120121-01-9).

(R)-1-(3-Chlorophenyl)ethanol (cas: 120121-01-9) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. A multistep synthesis may use Grignard-like reactions to form an alcohol with the desired carbon structure, followed by reactions to convert the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to the desired functionality.Product Details of 120121-01-9

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Influence of Molecular Weight on the Performance of Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Nanofiltration Membranes was written by Regenspurg, Jurjen A.;Martins Costa, Ana F.;Achterhuis, Iske;de Vos, Wiebe M.. And the article was included in ACS Applied Polymer Materials in 2022.Computed Properties of C4H10O3 This article mentions the following:

Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) are highly promising selective layers for membrane applications, especially because of their versatility. By careful choice of the types of polyelectrolyte and the coating conditions, the PEM material properties can be controlled to achieve desired separations Less understood, however, is how the mol. weight (Mw) of the chosen polyelectrolytes (PEs) will impact layer build-up and thus separation properties. In this work, we investigate the influence of Mw on the performance of two types of PEM-based membranes. PEM membranes have been fabricated from low (15-20 kDa) and high (150-250 kDa) Mw poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH), poly(sodium-4-styrenesulfonate)(PSS), and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) to obtain PAH/PSS- and PAH/PAA-based nanofiltration membranes. For the linear growing PSS/PAH system, with low PE mobility, the Mw is found to influence the pore closure of the support membrane during coating but not its subsequent performance. In contrast, for the exponentially growing PAH/PAA system with a high PE mobility, much stronger effects of Mw are observed For low-Mw PAH/PAA PEM membranes, separation properties are found that would be expected of a neg. charged separation layer, while for high-Mw PAH/PAA PEMs a pos. separation layer is found. Moreover, mol. weight cutoff (MWCO) measurements show that the low-Mw PAH/PAA multilayers are much denser than their high-Mw counterparts. Here the higher mobility of the small PE chains is expected to lead to more optimal binding between the oppositely charged PEs, explaining the denser structure. Lastly, we find that PEM pH stability is lowest for low-Mw PAH/PAA multilayers which can again be attributed to their higher mobility. Clearly, the Mw can significantly influence the separation performance of PEM-based membranes, especially for more mobile PEM systems such as PAA/PAH. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6Computed Properties of C4H10O3).

2,2′-Oxybis(ethan-1-ol) (cas: 111-46-6) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Computed Properties of C4H10O3

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Helix-Forming Propensity of Aliphatic Urea Oligomers Incorporating Noncanonical Residue Substitution Patterns was written by Pendem, Nagendar;Douat, Celine;Claudon, Paul;Laguerre, Michel;Castano, Sabine;Desbat, Bernard;Cavagnat, Dominique;Ennifar, Eric;Kauffmann, Brice;Guichard, Gilles. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2013.Safety of tert-Butyl ((1R,2R)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate This article mentions the following:

Aliphatic N,N’-linked oligoureas are peptidomimetic foldamers that adopt a well-defined helical secondary structure stabilized by a collection of remote three-center H-bonds closing 12- and 14-membered pseudorings. Delineating the rules that govern helix formation depending on the nature of constituent units is of practical utility if one aims to utilize this helical fold to place side chains in a given arrangement and elaborate functional helixes. In this work, we tested whether the helix geometry is compatible with alternative substitution patterns. The central -NH-CH(R)-CH₂-NH-CO- residue in a model oligourea pentamer sequence was replaced by guest units bearing various substitution patterns [e.g., -NH-CH₂-CH₂-NH-CO-, -NH-CH₂-CH(R)-NH-CO-, and -NH-CH(R¹)-CH(R²)-NH-CO-], levels of preorganization (cyclic vs acyclic residues), and stereochemistries, and the helix formation was systematically assessed. The extent of helix perturbation or stabilization was primarily monitored in solution by Fourier transform IR, NMR, and electronic CD spectroscopies. Our results indicate that although three new substitution patterns were accommodated in the 2.5-helix, the helical urea backbone in short oligomers is particularly sensitive to variations in the residue substitution pattern (position and stereochem.). For example, the trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane unit was exptl. found to break the helix nucleation, but the corresponding cis unit did not. Theor. calculations helped to rationalize these results. The conformational preferences in this series of oligoureas were also studied at high resolution by X-ray structure analyses of a representative set of modified oligomers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl ((1R,2R)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 155975-19-2Safety of tert-Butyl ((1R,2R)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate).

tert-Butyl ((1R,2R)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate (cas: 155975-19-2) belongs to alcohols. Alkyl halides are often synthesized from alcohols, in effect substituting a halogen atom for the hydroxyl group. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Safety of tert-Butyl ((1R,2R)-2-hydroxycyclohexyl)carbamate

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Experimental and clinical evidence on the effect of carvacrol on respiratory, allergic, and immunologic disorders: A comprehensive review was written by Khazdair, Mahammad R.;Ghorani, Vahideh;Boskabady, Mohammad H.. And the article was included in BioFactors in 2022.Safety of 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol This article mentions the following:

Carvacrol (CAR) showed various pharmacol. and therapeutic effects in different disorders. In the current article, the exptl. and clin. effects of CAR on respiratory, allergic, and immunol. disorders are described. Various databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, and Scopus, were searched regarding the effects of CAR on respiratory and allergic disorders until the end of Oct. 2021. CAR showed the relaxant effect, with various possible mechanisms suggesting the bronchodilatory effect in obstructive pulmonary diseases. The preventive effects of CAR on exptl. animal models of respiratory diseases were shown through mechanisms such as antioxidant, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory. CAR also showed therapeutic potential on lung cancer, lung infections, and allergic and immunol. disorders. Clin. studies also revealed therapeutic effects of CAR on asthma, sulfur-mustard-induced lug disorders, and some other allergic and immunol. diseases. Pharmacol. and therapeutic effects of CAR indicate possible remedy effects of this agent in the treatment of respiratory, allergic, and immunol. diseases. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2Safety of 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol).

5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol (cas: 499-75-2) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Secondary alcohols are easily oxidized without breaking carbon-carbon bonds only as far as the ketone stage. No further oxidation is seen except under very stringent conditions.Safety of 5-Isopropyl-2-methylphenol

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Selective O-demethylation of an aromatic methyl ether in the presence of an aromatic methylenedioxy group with trimethylsilyl iodide in quinoline was written by Minamikawa, Junichi;Brossi, Arnold. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 1978.HPLC of Formula: 69393-72-2 This article mentions the following:

Heating the methylenedioxy compounds I (R = H, R¹ = OMe; R = OMe, R¹ = H) with trimethylsilyl iodide (II) in quinoline (III) gave ∼72% of the corresponding demethylated products. The mechanism involves formation of a 1:1 complex of II and III, observed as unstable yellow crystals on mixing II and III in hexane. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol (cas: 69393-72-2HPLC of Formula: 69393-72-2).

Benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-ol (cas: 69393-72-2) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Under carefully controlled conditions, simple alcohols can undergo intermolecular dehydration to give ethers. This reaction is effective only with methanol, ethanol, and other simple primary alcohols.HPLC of Formula: 69393-72-2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Regio- and stereoselective hydroxylation of some nitrogen heterocyclic compounds by microorganisms was written by Zefirov, N. S.;Terent’ev, P. B.;Modyanova, L. V.;Dovgilevich, E. V.. And the article was included in Indian Journal of Chemistry in 1993.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Microbial hydroxylation of pyridine and alkylpyridines, as well as of some saturated monocyclic compounds, provides an efficient regio- and stereoselective route to biol. active and synthetically useful hydroxy derivatives Thus, the picolines I (R = 2-, 3-, 4-Me) are converted by fungi, such as Aspergillus and Penicillium, into the corresponding pyridinemethanols I (R = 2-, 3-, 4-CH₂OH) in up to 45% yields. Transformation of condensed polycyclic N-heterocycles, however proceeds in a different manner. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (5-Methylpyridin-3-yl)methanol (cas: 102074-19-1Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks).

(5-Methylpyridin-3-yl)methanol (cas: 102074-19-1) belongs to alcohols. Under appropriate conditions, inorganic acids also react with alcohols to form esters. To form these esters, a wide variety of specialized reagents and conditions can be used. Tertiary alcohols cannot be oxidized at all without breaking carbon-carbon bonds, whereas primary alcohols can be oxidized to aldehydes or further oxidized to carboxylic acids.Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chemo-, Regio-, and Stereoselective Copper(II)-Catalyzed Boron Addition to Acetylenic Esters and Amides in Aqueous Media was written by Nelson, Amanda K.;Peck, Cheryl L.;Rafferty, Sean M.;Santos, Webster L.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2016.Application In Synthesis of 2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine This article mentions the following:

Aqueous conditions were developed for conducting an open-to-air, copper(II)-catalyzed addition of pinBBdan to alkynoates and alkynamides. The simple and mild β-borylation protocol proceeds in a remarkably chemo-, regio-, and stereoselective fashion to afford 1,8-diaminonaphthalene protected (Z)-β-boryl enoates and primary, secondary, and tertiary enamides in good to excellent yields. These reactions demonstrate a high tolerance toward a variety of alkyl, aryl, and heteroatom functional groups and provide convenient access to a diverse range of vinylboronic acid derivatives In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine (cas: 1214264-88-6Application In Synthesis of 2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine).

2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine (cas: 1214264-88-6) belongs to alcohols. Similar to water, an alcohol can be pictured as having an sp3 hybridized tetrahedral oxygen atom with nonbonding pairs of electrons occupying two of the four sp3 hybrid orbitals. The most common reactions of alcohols can be classified as oxidation, dehydration, substitution, esterification, and reactions of alkoxides.Application In Synthesis of 2-(4,4,5,5-Tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-naphtho[1,8-de][1,3,2]diazaborinine

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Regiospecific opening of oxetanes with trimethylsilyl cyanide-zinc iodide. A general approach to γ-amino alcohols was written by Gassman, Paul G.;Haberman, Leonard M.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 1985.Product Details of 42514-50-1 This article mentions the following:

Me₃SiOCH₂CH₂CRR¹NC (I; R = H, Me; R¹ = H, Me, Ph, CH₂:CH) were formed regiospecifically in 73-94% yield by the ring opening of oxetanes II with Me₃SiCN-ZnI₂. Deprotection and hydrolysis of I gave HOCH₂CH₂CRR¹NH₂. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Amino-3-methylbutan-1-ol (cas: 42514-50-1Product Details of 42514-50-1).

3-Amino-3-methylbutan-1-ol (cas: 42514-50-1) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Converting an alcohol to an alkene requires removal of the hydroxyl group and a hydrogen atom on the neighbouring carbon atom. Dehydrations are most commonly carried out by warming the alcohol in the presence of a strong dehydrating acid, such as concentrated sulfuric acid.Product Details of 42514-50-1

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Unreactive C-N Bond Activation of Anilines via Photoinduced Aerobic Borylation was written by Ji, Shuohan;Qin, Shengxiang;Yin, Chunyu;Luo, Lu;Zhang, Hua. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2022.Electric Literature of C12H16BBrO2 This article mentions the following:

Unreactive C-N bond activation of anilines was achieved by photoinduced aerobic borylation. A diverse range of tertiary and secondary anilines were converted to aryl boronate esters in moderate to good yields with wide functional group tolerance under simple and ambient photochem. conditions. This transformation achieved the direct and facile C-N bond activation of unreactive anilines, providing a convenient and practical route transforming widely available anilines into useful aryl boronate esters. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4Electric Literature of C12H16BBrO2).

2-(4-Bromophenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane (cas: 68716-49-4) belongs to alcohols. Alcohols are among the most common organic compounds. They are used as sweeteners and in making perfumes, are valuable intermediates in the synthesis of other compounds, and are among the most abundantly produced organic chemicals in industry. Alcohols may be oxidized to give ketones, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. These functional groups are useful for further reactions. Oxidation of organic compounds generally increases the number of bonds from carbon to oxygen (or another electronegative element, such as a halogen), and it may decrease the number of bonds to hydrogen.Electric Literature of C12H16BBrO2

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts