Month: December 2022

John, Gerald F. published the artcileEnhanced effectiveness of oil dispersants in destabilizing water-in-oil emulsions, SDS of cas: 111-87-5, the main research area is water oil emulsion stability dispersant.

Oil impacting the northern Gulf of Mexico shoreline from the 2010 Deepwater Horizon accident was predominantly in the form of water-in-oil emulsions (WOE), a chem. weathered, highly viscous, neutrally buoyant material. Once formed, WOE are extremely difficult to destabilize. Com.-available oil dispersants are largely ineffective de-emulsifiers as a result of the inability of dispersant surfactants to displace asphaltenes stabilizing the oil-water interface. This study investigated the effectiveness of the com.-available dispersant Corexit 9500A, modified to enhance its polar fraction, in destabilizing WOE. Results suggest that Corexit modified to include between 20-60% fractional amount of either polar additive (1-octanol or hexylamine) will produce a modest increase in WOE instability, with a Corexit to hexylamine ratio of approx. 80/20 providing the most effective enhanced destabilization. Results support the hypothesis that modifying the fraction of polar constituents in com. dispersants will increase asphaltene solubility, decrease oil-water interface stability, and enhance WOE instability.

PLoS One published new progress about Coalescence. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, SDS of cas: 111-87-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Zhou, Cuiyan published the artcileMalate-aspartate shuttle plays an important role in LPS-induced neuroinflammation of mice due to its effect on STAT3 phosphorylation, Application of (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is malate aspartate shuttle STAT3 phosphorylation neuroinflammation; aminooxyacetic acid; malate-aspartate shuttle; neuroinflammation; pyruvate; stat3.

Neuroinflammation is a key pathol. factor in numerous neurol. disorders. Cumulating evidence has indicated critical roles of NAD+/NADH metabolism in multiple major diseases, while the role of malate-aspartate shuttle (MAS) – a major NADH shuttle – in inflammation has remained unclear. In this study we investigated the roles of MAS in LPS-induced neuroinflammation both in vivo and in vitro. Immunofluorescence staining, Western blot assay and Real-time PCR assays were conducted to determine the activation of Iba-1, the protein levels of iNOS and COX2 and the mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in vivo, showing that both pre-treatment and post-treatment of aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA) – an MAS inhibitor – profoundly decreased the LPS-induced neuroinflammation in mice. BV2 microglia was also used as a cellular model to investigate the mechanisms of this finding, in which such assays as Western blot assay and nitrite assay. Our study further indicated that AOAA produced its effects on LPS-induced microglial activation by its effects on MAS: Pyruvate treatment reversed the effects of AOAA on the cytosolic NAD+/NADH ratio, which also restored the LPS-induced activation of the AOAA-treated microglia. Moreover, the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) inhibitor GSK2837808A blocked the effects of pyruvate on the AOAA-produced decreases in both the cytosolic NAD+/NADH ratio and LPS-induced microglial activation. Our study has further suggested that AOAA produced inhibition of LPS-induced microglial activation at least partially by decreasing STAT3 phosphorylation. Collectively, our findings have indicated AOAA as a new and effective drug for inhibiting LPS-induced neuroinflammation. Our study has also indicated that MAS is a novel mediator of LPS-induced neuroinflammation due to its capacity to modulate LPS-induced STAT3 phosphorylation, which has further highlighted a critical role of NAD+/ NADH metabolism in inflammation.

Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences published new progress about Brain dentate gyrus. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Application of (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Gibka, J. published the artcileOdor characteristics of aliphatic metameric C-13 ketones, alcohols and their derivatives, Recommanded Product: 5-Tridecanol, the main research area is odor structure tridecanone alc acetal.

The odor of a series of tridecanones their derivatives was determined The relations between structure and odor in the whole family of the tridecanone derivatives were described. Pleasant notes accompanied fatty-type ketone odors, e.g., floral for tridecan-3-one, and fruity for tridecan-6-one. Alcs., however, were less interesting, all having only a faint or mild waxy odor. Acetates had stronger odors than the corresponding alcs. Acetals were the most interesting group of compounds They all had nutritive odors with different notes: fruity, spicy, herbaceous or floral, and low odor threshold (10-20 ppm). The derivatives of tridecan-6-one have odors with spicy and vegetable notes.

Perfumer & Flavorist published new progress about Aliphatic ketones Role: COS (Cosmetic Use), PRP (Properties), BIOL (Biological Study), USES (Uses). 58783-82-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 5-Tridecanol, and the molecular formula is C13H28O, Recommanded Product: 5-Tridecanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Liu, Ying published the artcileEffects of freeze drying and hot-air drying on the physicochemical properties and bioactivities of polysaccharides from Lentinula edodes, Application In Synthesis of 59-23-4, the main research area is freeze hot air drying polysaccharide Lentinula edodes; Characterization; Drying; Immunomodulatory; Lentinula edodes; Polysaccharides.

Fresh Lentinula edodes were dried using two process technologies-freeze drying (FD) and hot-air drying (HD). The physicochem., antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties of purified polysaccharides from dried L. edodes (LEP) were then comparatively investigated. Two neutral polysaccharides (FLEP-1 and HLEP-1) and two acidic polysaccharides (FLEP-2 and HLEP-2) were obtained by DEAE-52 cellulose column. The HD treated LEP had higher levels of uronic acid than that of the FD treated LEP. The molar ratios of monosaccharides in FLEP-1, FLEP-2, HLEP-1 and HLEP-2 were different. Moreover, HD treated LEP had more galactose and less glucose. The (1 → 3)-α-glucan structure was dominant in the two neutral polysaccharides, whereas the (1 → 6)-β-glucan was dominant in the two acidic polysaccharides. Hot-air drying could thus promote the α-configuration in neutral polysaccharides while reducing the β-configuration in acidic polysaccharides. FLEP-1, FLEP-2, HLEP-1 and HLEP-2 had potential scavenging capacity against the ABTS·+, whereas freeze-dried polysaccharides exhibited a stronger scavenging ability than that of hot-air dried polysaccharide. LEP could improve immunity by inducing the secretions of NO, TNF-α and IL-6, whereas hot-air drying improved the immunomodulatory activity of LEP. Our results suggested that freeze drying and hot air drying could be appropriately used to obtain functional polysaccharides from L. edodes.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Acidic polysaccharides Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study) (HLEP-2). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Application In Synthesis of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Bandini, Marco published the artcileAn effective and useful synthesis of enantiomerically enriched arylglycinols, Product Details of C8H9BrO2, the main research area is enantiomerically enriched arylglycinol preparation; amino alc chiral preparation.

A two-step synthesis of racemic arylglycinols, together with a simple and straightforward methodol. for their resolution, is described. This method constitutes a practical means of preparing racemic and optically pure electron-rich or electron-poor substituted arylglycinols, useful building blocks for the synthesis of biol. active mols. and chiral ligands. All of the chiral β-amino alcs. were isolated in good chem. yields and with excellent enantiomeric excesses. Chiral fluoroarom. vicinal amino alcs. can also be obtained with good enantiopurity using such a procedure. The key step of the strategy presented is an easy chromatog. separation of the diastereoisomeric amides prepared from acetyl mandeloyl chloride. The absolute configuration of the perfluorinated amino alcs. was determined by X-ray anal. of the corresponding amide.

European Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about. 92093-23-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 1-(4-Bromophenyl)ethane-1,2-diol, and the molecular formula is C8H9BrO2, Product Details of C8H9BrO2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Yearty, Kasey L. published the artcileDeveloping and Implementing Multioutcome Experiments in Undergraduate Teaching Laboratories To Promote Student Ownership of the Experience: An Example Multioutcome Experiment for the Oxidation of Alcohols, SDS of cas: 584-02-1, the main research area is multioutcome experiment undergraduate teaching laboratory student experience oxidation alc.

Single-outcome experiments are used in the undergraduate instructional laboratory, particularly for large lectures associated with multiple sections of instructional laboratories, due in large part to efficiencies associated with chem. purchases, experiment preparations, and assessments. Despite the practical advantages, single-outcome experiments are not effective in encouraging students to critically analyze and interpret their acquired individual results. Instead, students are satisfied if their results are the same as or similar to all of their classmates’ results, limiting the opportunity for engagement with the laboratory content. In contrast, multioutcome experiments (MOEs) require students to explore the same chem. reaction or transformation but obtain individual results. Individualization of results is accomplished by using a set of starting materials or reagents, one of which is assigned to each student. Students do not know the identity of the assigned component but may be given possible options for its identity. Students elucidate the identity of their individualized products, using modern anal. techniques such as gas chromatog., Fourier-transform IR (FTIR) spectroscopy, and NMR (NMR) spectroscopy, and deduce the unknown component of their experiment An example MOE for the oxidation of alcs. is described herein. A traditional single-outcome experiment that utilized a common household oxidizing agent (hypochlorite bleach), rather than a heavy metal-containing alternative, was modified. For the MOE modification, one unknown secondary alc. (2-pentanol, 3-pentanol, or 3-methyl-2-butanol) was oxidized using bleach. Each student pair was assigned one of three possible unknown alcs., all of which were constitutional isomers of secondary alcs. Students knew the identities of the three possible alcs. Anal. of their oxidation products was accomplished using FTIR and benchtop 1H NMR spectroscopies. Students interpreted their spectra and deduced the identity of the unknown alc. they were assigned. This experiment provides a tangible framework to understand the applicability of the oxidation reaction and the utility of FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopies.

Journal of Chemical Education published new progress about Gas chromatography Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 584-02-1 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-Pentanol, and the molecular formula is C5H12O, SDS of cas: 584-02-1.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Liying published the artcileDevelopment of sugarcane resource for efficient fermentation of exopolysaccharide by using a novel strain of Kosakonia cowanii LT-1, Synthetic Route of 59-23-4, the main research area is sugarcane fermentation exopolysaccharide Kosakonia cowanii; Exopolysaccharide; Kosakonia cowanii LT-1; Non-food fermentation; Sugarcane juice; Transcriptome sequencing.

This work focuses on the development of non-food fermentation for the cost-effective biosynthesis of exopolysaccharide (EPS) by using a new strain of Kosakonia cowanii LT-1. This novel strain more efficiently utilizes sucrose for EPS production than other glycosyl donors. Comparative transcriptomic anal. is used to understand EPS synthesis promotion and the effects of sucrose on EPS biosynthesis. We speculate that ATP-binding cassette transporter, phosphotransferase, and two-component systems may be the most essential factors for EPS biosynthesis. The enhanced oxidative phosphorylation increases the synthesis rate of ATP to satisfy the energy demands for EPS production with sucrose as the substrate. Sugarcane juice, a cheap raw material, could improve the EPS yield in batch fermentation and achieve approx. 29.66% cost savings for substrate. Our work presents a promising non-food fermentation approach for the synthesis of high-value industrial products.

Bioresource Technology published new progress about Fermentation. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Synthetic Route of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Schiffner, Julia A. published the artcileEnantioselective Fujiwara-Moritani Indole and Pyrrole Annulations Catalyzed by Chiral Palladium(II)-NicOx Complexes, SDS of cas: 50966-69-3, the main research area is pyridinecarboxylate oxazolinyl preparation chiral ligand Fujiwara Moritani annulation; indole pyrrole alkenyl preparation asym intramol Fujiwara Moritani cyclization.

The catalytic asym. Fujiwara-Moritani ring closures of several indole- and pyrrole-based cyclization precursors, e.g. I (R1 = H, R12 = benzo; X = CH2, CH2CH2; R2 = Me, Ph), are reported. These unprecedented oxidative palladium(II)-catalyzed annulations allow for the formation of a stereogenic quaternary carbon atom, and decent levels of enantiocontrol are seen in 5-exo-trig cyclizations (54% ee for an indole and 76% ee for a pyrrole) while 6-exo-trig ring closures afford essentially racemic material. Novel oxazoline ligands with a nicotine platform (NicOx) are pivotal for good catalytic turnover as conventional PyOx ligands failed to produce acceptable chem. yields. The preparation of these NicOx ligands II (R3 = i-Pr, t-Bu, PhCH2; R4 = Me, Et, F3CCH2) as well as the syntheses of the cyclization precursors, e.g. I, are described in detail.

European Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about Cyclization catalysts, stereoselective. 50966-69-3 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(1H-Pyrrol-1-yl)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C7H11NO, SDS of cas: 50966-69-3.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Charton, Lennart published the artcilePlant peroxisomal solute transporter proteins, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is review peroxisomal membrane ABC transporter.

Plant peroxisomes are unique subcellular organelles which play an indispensable role in several key metabolic pathways, including fatty acid β-oxidation, photorespiration, and degradation of reactive oxygen species. The compartmentalization of metabolic pathways into peroxisomes is a strategy for organizing the metabolic network and improving pathway efficiency. An important prerequisite, however, is the exchange of metabolites between peroxisomes and other cell compartments. Since the first studies in the 1970s scientists contributed to understanding how solutes enter or leave this organelle. This review gives an overview about our current knowledge of the solute permeability of peroxisomal membranes described in plants, yeast, mammals and other eukaryotes. In general, peroxisomes contain in their bilayer membrane specific transporters for hydrophobic fatty acids (ABC transporter) and large cofactor mols. (carrier for ATP, NAD and CoA). Smaller solutes with mol. masses below 300-400 Da, like the organic acids malate, oxaloacetate, and 2-oxoglutarate, are shuttled via non-selective channels across the peroxisomal membrane. In comparison to yeast, human, mammals and other eukaryotes, the function of these known peroxisomal transporters and channels in plants are discussed in this review.

Journal of Integrative Plant Biology published new progress about Homo sapiens. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Cavicchioli, Valeria Quintana published the artcilePhysiological and molecular insights of bacteriocin production by Enterococcus hirae ST57ACC from Brazilian artisanal cheese, SDS of cas: 97-67-6, the main research area is Enterococcus hirae physiol bacteriocin production Brazilian artisanal cheese; ABC transporter; Enterococcus hirae; bacteriocin; cytotoxicity.

The bacteriocinogenic Enterococcus hirae ST57ACC recently isolated from a Brazilian artisanal cheese was subjected here to addnl. analyses in order to evaluate its bacteriocin production and the potential influence of ABC transporter system in its expression. Besides these physiol. and mol. aspects, the bacteriocin was evaluated for its cytotoxicity against HT-29. Differences in the inoculum size had no impact on the growth of E. hirae ST57ACC; however, the bacteriocin was only produced after 9 h of growth when the strain was inoculated at 5% or 10% (volume/volume), with similar levels of bacteriocin production obtained by both conventional growth and batch fermentation Furthermore, potential expression of ABC transporters corresponding to the bacteriocin transport and sugar metabolism was identified. In terms of adverse effects, when a semi-purified fraction of the bacteriocin and the cell-free supernatant were tested against HT-29, total cell viability was similar to observed on untreated cells, indicating the absence of cytotoxic effect. Based on the obtained results, E. hirae ST57ACC can produce its bacteriocin at industrial level by using bioreactors, its bacteriocin expression is potentially influenced by the ABC transporter system, and no cytotoxic effects were observed on HT-29 cells, indicating its potential use as a bio-preservative.

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology published new progress about Bacteriocins Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, SDS of cas: 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts