Month: December 2022

Miazzi, Fabio published the artcileOptimization of insect odorant receptor trafficking and functional expression via transient transfection in HEK293 cells, HPLC of Formula: 505-10-2, the main research area is odorant receptor functional expression insect mammalian cell; Drosophila melanogaster ; HCN1; odorant receptors; rhodopsin.

Insect odorant receptors (ORs) show a limited functional expression in various heterologous expression systems including insect and mammalian cells. This may be in part due to the absence of key components driving the release of these proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum and directing them to the plasma membrane. In order to mitigate this problem, we took advantage of small export signals within the human HCN1 and Rhodopsin that have been shown to promote protein release from the endoplasmic reticulum and the trafficking of post-Golgi vesicles, resp. Moreover, we designed a new vector based on a bidirectional expression cassette to drive the functional expression of the insect odorant receptor coreceptor (Orco) and an odor-binding OR, simultaneously. We show that this new method can be used to reliably express insect ORs in HEK293 cells via transient transfection and that is highly suitable for downstream applications using automated and high-throughput imaging platforms.

Chemical Senses published new progress about Bacteriocyte. 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, HPLC of Formula: 505-10-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Tezel, Ozge published the artcileDesign and development of self-healing coating based on thiol-epoxy reactions, Safety of Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate), the main research area is self healing coating thiol epoxy microcapsule thermal wettability.

Cracks caused by the effects of mech. or chems. forces on coatings may cause their performance to deteriorate and may shorten their lifetime. The microcapsules used for self-healing coatings provide automatic recovery and extend the life of the coatings. In this study, polyurea-formaldehyde epoxy resin (PUF-epoxy) microcapsules were synthesized by in-situ polymerization; because, they allow the size control of the microcapsules, the thickness of the shell can be controlled, its production is easy, it is cheap and combinable with industry. Synthesized microcapsules were characterized by Fourier Transform IR Spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Thermogravimetric Anal. (TGA), SEM (SEM), optical microscope, UV spectrum, zeta analyzer and contact angle measurements. As a result of the thermal anal., the core (epoxy) content of the microcapsules was 57% by weight and 60% by the extraction method based on the principle of selective dissolution, and these two values were compatible with each other. The average microcapsule diameter was found as 185 nm. For the first time in the literature, an epoxy-containing microcapsule was added to the thiol-containing coating material and a self-healing coating was prepared The epoxy-containing microcapsules were artificially cracked and the epoxy resin released from it reacted with the thiol received in the coating. For this reason, it was observed that the artificial scratches formed on the coatings showed good self-healing properties.

Reactive & Functional Polymers published new progress about Coating materials (self-healing). 7575-23-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate), and the molecular formula is C17H28O8S4, Safety of Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate).

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Liu, Yu published the artcileEffects of Organic Acids on the Release of Fruity Esters in Water: An Insight at the Molecular Level, Application In Synthesis of 97-67-6, the main research area is ester organic acid mol interaction hydrogen bond; aroma release; density functional theory; esters; intermolecular interaction; odour detection threshold; organic acids.

It is well known that organic acids (OAs) could affect the flavor of fruit juices and beverages. However, the mol. mechanism of aroma release is still unclear. In this study, the effects of citric acid (CA), L-(-)-malic acid (MA) and L-lactic acid (LA) on the release of six selected esters and their sensory perception were investigated by means of HS-GC-MS analyses and odor detection threshold determination, resp. Meanwhile, the d. functional theory (DFT) calculation was employed to explore the interaction modes between esters and OAs. HS-GC-MS analyses showed that the concentration and the type of OAs regulated the release of esters. The results were basically consistent with the detection threshold change of those esters. The DFT calculation suggested that the main intermol. interaction was hydrogen bonds, and several esters could form a ternary ring structure with OAs through hydrogen bonds. The interactions can induce the different release behaviors of esters in OAs water solution The number of carboxyl functional groups in OAs and the spatial conformation of esters appeared to influence the magnitude of the interaction. The above results demonstrated the mechanism of OAs affecting the release of esters and indicated a possible flavor control way by using different OAs and OA concentrations

Molecules published new progress about Hydrogen bond. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Application In Synthesis of 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Vanherwegen, An-Sofie published the artcileVitamin D controls the capacity of human dendritic cells to induce functional regulatory T cells by regulation of glucose metabolism, Formula: C4H6O5, the main research area is vitamin D human DCs T cell glucose metabolism regulation; 1α,25(OH)(2)D(3); Dendritic cells; Immunometabolism; PFKFB4; Regulatory T cells; Tolerogenicity.

Tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs) instruct regulatory T cells (Tregs) to dampen autoimmunity. Active vitamin D3 (1a,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3; 1a,25(OH)2D3) imprints human monocyte-derived DCs with tolerogenic properties by reprogramming their glucose metabolism Here we identify the glycolytic enzyme 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 4 (PFKFB4) as a critical checkpoint and direct transcriptional target of 1a,25(OH)2D3 in determining the tolDC profile. Using tracer metabolomics, we show that PFKFB4 activity is essential for glucose metabolism, especially for glucose oxidation, which is elevated upon 1a,25(OH)2D3 exposure. Pharmacol. inhibition of PFKFB4 reversed the 1a,25(OH)2D3-mediated shift in metabolism, DC profile and function, as determined by expression of inhibitory surface markers and secretion of regulatory cytokines and factors. Moreover, PFKFB4 inhibition in 1a,25(OH)2D3-treated DCs blocked their hallmark capacity to induce suppressive Tregs. This work demonstrates that alterations in the bioenergetic metabolism of immune cells are central to the immunomodulatory effects induced by 1a,25(OH)2D3.

Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology published new progress about CD14 antigens Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Formula: C4H6O5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Weber, Stefan published the artcileManganese-Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Ketones under Mild and Base-free Conditions, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is diphosphine alkyl manganese carbonyl catalyzed hydrogenation ketone mild base; alpha beta unsaturated carbonyl reduction diphosphine alkyl manganese carbonyl.

In this paper, several Mn(I) complexes were applied as catalysts for the homogeneous hydrogenation of ketones. The most active precatalyst is the bench-stable alkyl bisphosphine Mn(I) complex fac-[Mn(dippe)(CO)3(CH2CH2CH3)]. The reaction proceeds at room temperature under base-free conditions with a catalyst loading of 3 mol % and a hydrogen pressure of 10 bar. A temperature-dependent selectivity for the reduction of α,β-unsaturated carbonyls was observed At room temperature, the carbonyl group was selectively hydrogenated, while the C:C bond stayed intact. At 60°, fully saturated systems were obtained. A plausible mechanism based on DFT calculations which involves an inner-sphere hydride transfer is proposed.

Organometallics published new progress about Hydride transfer. 584-02-1 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-Pentanol, and the molecular formula is C5H12O, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Leyva-Gutierrez, Francisco M. A. published the artcileCharacterization of by-products from commercial cannabidiol production, Recommanded Product: rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, the main research area is cannabidiol byproduct; cannabidiol; cannabinoids; chemical characterization; manufacturing by-products.

The chem. compositions of byproducts from com. cannabidiol (CBD) extraction were characterized and quantitated by employing gas chromatog. mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and GC flame-ionization detection (GC-FID). 2-Pentadecanone,isophytol. The four major byproducts included an ethanol-wax suspension (WAX), terpenoid distillate (DIST-A), tar-like residue (TAR), and red resin (RES). The composition of WAX consisted of 2̃8 wt% n-alkanes and 3̃3-38 wt% cannabidiolic acid and CBD combined. The DIST-A consisted of 4̃0 wt% sesquiterpenoids and 5̃8 wt% cannabinoids. The DIST-A terpenoid profile was compared to dried unprocessed inflorescences (HEMP) to observe changes in monoterpene content after the distillation process. The TAR was composed of 5̃-9 wt% higher n-alkanes and up to 91 wt% cannabinoids, while RES consisted of up to 99 wt% cannabinoids. Several impurities including cannabidibutol and dehydroabietic acid were identified in com. CBD samples. Compositional information of these byproducts may provide manufacturers with the opportunity to optimize processing conditions.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry published new progress about Distillation. 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Recommanded Product: rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Foong, Choon Pin published the artcileEngineered mutants of a marine photosynthetic purple nonsulfur bacterium with increased volumetric productivity of polyhydroxyalkanoate bioplastics, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is mutagenesis polyhydroxyalkanoate bioplastic Rhodovulum; Rhodovulum sulfidophilum; biopolymer; fluorescence-activated cell sorting; genome-wide mutagenesis; microbial cell factory; strain improvement.

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are green and sustainable bioplastics that could replace petrochem. synthetic plastics without posing environmental threats to living organisms. In addition, sustainable PHA production could be achieved using marine photosynthetic purple nonsulfur bacteria (PNSBs) that utilize natural seawater, sunlight, carbon dioxide gas, and nitrogen gas for growth. However, PHA production using marine photosynthetic PNSBs has not been economically feasible yet due to its high cost and low productivity. In this work, strain improvement, using genome-wide mutagenesis coupled with high-throughput screening via fluorescence-actived cell sorting, we were able to create Rhodovulum sulfidophilium mutants with enhanced volumetric PHA productivity, with an up to 1.7-fold increase. The best selected mutants (E6 and E6M4) reached the stationary growth phase 1 day faster and accumulated the maximum PHA content 2 days faster than the wild type. Maximizing volumetric PHA productivity before the stationary growth phase is indeed an addnl. advantage for R. sulfidophilum as a growth-associated PHA producer.

ACS Synthetic Biology published new progress about Fluorescence-activated cell sorting. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Jeong, Da Min published the artcileGenomic features, aroma profiles, and probiotic potential of the Debaryomyces hansenii species complex strains isolated from Korean soybean fermented food, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is Debaryomyces hansenii soybean fermented food genomics aroma probiotic potential; Debaryomyces spp.; Fermented soy sauce; Flavor profile; Halotolerance; Immunomodulatory activity; Whole-genome sequencing.

Fermented soybean products are gaining attention in the food industry owing to their nutritive value and health benefits. In this study, we performed genomic anal. and physiol. characterization of two Debaryomyces spp. yeast isolates obtained from a Korean traditional fermented soy sauce “”ganjang””. Both Debaryomyces hansenii ganjang isolates KD2 and C11 showed halotolerance to concentrations of up to 15% NaCl and improved growth in the presence of salt. Ploidy and whole-genome sequencing analyses indicated that the KD2 genome is haploid, whereas the C11 genome is heterozygous diploid with two distinctive subgenomes. Interestingly, phylogenetic anal. using intron sequences indicated that the C11 strain was generated via hybridization between D. hansenii and D. tyrocola ancestor strains. The D. hansenii KD2 and D. hansenii-hybrid C11 produced various volatile flavor compounds associated with butter, caramel, cheese, and fruits, and showed high bioconversion activity from ferulic acid to 4-vinylguaiacol, a characteristic flavor compound of soybean products. Both KD2 and C11 exhibited viability in the presence of bile salts and at low pH and showed immunomodulatory activity to induce high levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. The safety of the yeast isolates was confirmed by analyzing virulence and acute oral toxicity. Together, the D. hansenii ganjang isolates possess physiol. properties beneficial for improving the flavor and nutritional value of fermented products.

Food Microbiology published new progress about Bile salts Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Flynn, Ryan A. published the artcileSmall RNAs are modified with N-glycans and displayed on the surface of living cells, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is small noncoding RNA N glycan glycoRNA Siglec receptor; RNA biology; glycoRNA; glycobiology; siglec; small RNAs.

Glycans modify lipids and proteins to mediate inter- and intramol. interactions across all domains of life. RNA is not thought to be a major target of glycosylation. Here, we challenge this view with evidence that mammals use RNA as a third scaffold for glycosylation. Using a battery of chem. and biochem. approaches, we found that conserved small noncoding RNAs bear sialylated glycans. These “”glycoRNAs”” were present in multiple cell types and mammalian species, in cultured cells, and in vivo. GlycoRNA assembly depends on canonical N-glycan biosynthetic machinery and results in structures enriched in sialic acid and fucose. Anal. of living cells revealed that the majority of glycoRNAs were present on the cell surface and can interact with anti-dsRNA antibodies and members of the Siglec receptor family. Collectively, these findings suggest the existence of a direct interface between RNA biol. and glycobiol., and an expanded role for RNA in extracellular biol.

Cell (Cambridge, MA, United States) published new progress about 28S rRNA Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), PRP (Properties), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Hu, Dongwen published the artcilePolysaccharide from Mulberry Fruit (Morus alba L.) Protects against Palmitic-Acid-Induced Hepatocyte Lipotoxicity by Activating the Nrf2/ARE Signaling Pathway, COA of Formula: C6H12O6, the main research area is mulberry fruit polysaccharide lipotoxicity oxidative stress signaling pathway; Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway; lipotoxicity; mulberry fruit; oxidative stress; palmitic acid; polysaccharide.

This study was aimed to investigate the protective effects of three different mulberry fruit polysaccharide fractions (MFP-I, MFP-II, and MFP-III) against palmitic acid (PA)-induced hepatocyte lipotoxicity and characterize the functional polysaccharide fraction using gel permeation chromatog., high-performance liquid chromatog., Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, and NMR analyses. MFP-I, MFP-II, and MFP-III were isolated from mulberry fruit by stepwise precipitation with 30, 60, and 90% ethanol, resp. MFP-II at 0.1 and 0.2 mg/mL dramatically attenuated PA-induced hepatic lipotoxicity, while MFP-I and MFP-III showed weak protection. It was demonstrated that MFP-II not only increased nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) phosphorylation and its nuclear translocation, thereby activating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway, but also enhanced heme oxygenase 1, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1, and γ-glutamate cysteine ligase gene expressions and promoted catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities, which protected hepatocytes against PA-induced oxidative stress and lipotoxicity. Further investigation indicated that the mol. weight of MFP-II was 115.0 kDa, and MFP-II mainly consisted of galactose (30.5%), arabinose (26.2%), and rhamnose (23.1%). Overall, our research might provide in-depth insight into mulberry fruit polysaccharide in ameliorating lipid metabolic disorders.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry published new progress about Lipid metabolism disorders Role: BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, COA of Formula: C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts