Month: December 2022

Wu, Xiang published the artcileMetabolomics revealing the response of rice (Oryza sativa L.) exposed to polystyrene microplastics, Recommanded Product: rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, the main research area is Oryza polystyrene microplastics metabolomics; Metabolites disturbance; Microplastics; Polystyrene; Rice.

Large amounts of microplastics accumulate in the agricultural soil. Herein, a laboratory exposure and field trials were carried out to investigate the response of rice (Oryza sativa L. II You. 900) to stress induced by polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) using a metabolomic approach. After laboratory exposure for 21 days, the decreases in shoot biomass of rice exposed to low, medium and high doses of PS-MPs were 13.1% (CV = 4.1%), 18.8% (CV = 3.7%), and 40.3% (CV = 9.2%), resp., while the antioxidant enzymes showed an inverted upper-U shape when exposed to PS-MPs. A total of 24 samples from three exposure dose levels were included in the metabolic anal. The metabolites of 12 amino acids, 16 saccharides, 26 organic acids and 17 others (lipids and polyols) in leaves decreased after the exposure to both 50 mg L-1 and 250 mg L-1 PS-MPs doses with hydroponically-cultured. The inhibition of perturbed biol. pathway causes the biosynthesis of amino acids, nucleic acids, fatty acids and some secondary metabolites decreased which indicate that the energy expenditure exceeded the substance accumulation. After 142 days of cultivation in farmland, the results with a maximum of 25.9% lower biomass in the crops exposed with PS-MPs. As such, the presence of PS-MPs may affect rice production by altering the metabolic systems of rice. Long-term exposure of PS-MPs to rice might be a potential risk to rice safety and quality.

Environmental Pollution (Oxford, United Kingdom) published new progress about Amines, compounds Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Recommanded Product: rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Liu, Tao published the artcilePurification and characterization of an exopolysaccharide produced by Lactobacillus plantarum HY isolated from home-made Sichuan Pickle, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is Lactobacillus exopolysaccharide purification characterization; Characteristics; Exopolysaccharide; Lactobacillus plantarum; Purification.

In the present study, the exopolysaccharide (EPS) producing strain HY was isolated from home-made Sichuan Pickle and identified as Lactobacillus plantarum. The EPS was purified by ethanol precipitation, and fractionation by column chromatog., and the yield of purified HY EPS was 1.423 g/L. The mol. weight of the purified HY EPS was 9.549 × 104 Da and composed of mannose, galactose, glucuronic acid and glucose in a mass percentage of 72.99%, 17.27%, 6.99% and 2.75%, resp. FT-IR spectrum exhibited the existence of carboxyl and hydroxyl group. Partial sugar residues and glycosidic bond present in HY EPS could be identified by NMR spectroscopy, i.e. α-D-glucose and α-D-mannose residues. The degradation temperature (320 °C) and m.p. (122.78 °C) of the HY EPS were determined by thermogravimetric anal. (TGA) and differential scanning calorimeter anal. (DSC). A highly porous structure of EPS was observed by SEM, and the AFM anal. of the EPS revealed presence of spherical lumps. Meanwhile, the in vitro biol. activity assays of HY EPS showed considerable antioxidant and α-amylase inhibitory activities, suggesting its promising potential to be applied in the food and pharmaceuticals industry.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Exopolysaccharides Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Recommanded Product: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Sran, Kulwinder Singh published the artcileProduction, characterization and bio-emulsifying activity of a novel thermostable exopolysaccharide produced by a marine strain of Rhodobacter johrii CDR-SL 7Cii, Safety of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is exopolysaccharide Rhodobacter johrii fermentation; Bio-emulsifier; Exopolysaccharide; Rhodobacter johrii; Structural characterization.

An exopolysaccharide (EPS) producing bacterial strain was isolated from the surface of marine macroalgae (Padina sp.). Based on polyphasic taxonomy, the strain CDR-SL 7Cii was assigned to the genus Rhodobacter and found to be the closest relative of the species Rhodobacter johrii. The strain was able to produce 6.2 g/l of EPS upon fermentation using R2A medium enriched with 2.5% glucose. FT-IR anal. revealed the presence of hydroxyl, carboxyl and diacyl-ester functional groups in the purified EPS. Further Chromatog. study revealed that R. johrii synthesized a high mol. weight anionic exopolysaccharide composed of glucose, glucuronic acid, rhamnose and galactose in a molar ratio of 3:1.5:0.25:0.25. The 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy (COSY/HSQC) anal. revealed the presence of 1,6 linked-α-D-Glcp, 1,4 linked-β-D-Glcp, 1,3 linked-β-D-GlcA, 1,3 linked-β-D-Galp, 1,6 linked-β-D-Galf and 3-α-L-Rhmp residues. Moreover, the purified EPS has shown stability towards elevated temperature and also acted as a bio-emulsifier to create a high pH and temperature stable emulsion of hydrocarbon/water indicating its industrial potential. This is the first report of EPS production by a strain of Rhodobacter johrii.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Exopolysaccharides Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Safety of (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Xia, Xiaofeng published the artcileEffect of heat treatment on whey protein-reduced micellar casein concentrate: A study of texture, proteolysis levels and volatile profiles of Cheddar cheeses produced therefrom, Name: 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, the main research area is whey protein micellar casein concentrate heat treatment texture proteolysis.

Micellar casein concentrate (MCC) of high casein content (93.64% of total protein), was produced by microfiltration of pasteurised skim milk. Cheesemilk of typical (1 x ) or high (1.5 x ) casein content were formulated from MCC which received either: no further heat treatment; pasteurisation (72 °C x 15 s) or high heat treatment (90 °C x 15 s), prior to combination with other membrane streams and cream. Cheddar cheeses were manufactured in triplicate and ripened for 180 days. Cheeses made from pasteurised or high heat treated MCC had similar pH as well as comparable flowability, hardness and volatile profiles over 180 days of ripening. On increasing cheesemilk casein content, levels of primary proteolysis in resultant cheeses decreased, and pH and hardness levels increased. Overall, increasing the heat treatment temperature from 72 to 90 °C for extension of the microbial shelf life of MCC does not impair the texture, functionality and volatile profile of resultant Cheddar cheeses.

International Dairy Journal published new progress about Caseins Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study) (micellar). 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Name: 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Rossegger, E. published the artcilePhoto-switching of surface wettability on micropatterned photopolymers for fast transport of water droplets over a long-distance, Quality Control of 7575-23-7, the main research area is resin methacrylate water droplet photopolymer photoswitching wettability micropatterning.

The present work addresses the directional movement of water droplets (2 μL droplet) across a photopolymer surface over a distance of more than 20 mm. The long-distance movement of the droplet is achieved by inscribing multi-gradients onto the surface, which is realized by a photo-induced increase in wettability amplified by a change in surface texture. To create highly hydrophobic surface characteristics, photo-reactive resin formulations containing an o-nitrobenzyl alc. derivative with terminal acrylate groups, a multi-functional thiol and a fluorinated methacrylate monomer are patterned by visible light-assisted nanoimprint lithog. The needle-like surface microstructures in combination with the fluorine groups of the methacrylate monomer enable the formation of photopolymers with static water contact angles in the range of 140°. Along with the change in the chem. surface composition, prolonged UV exposure under air erodes the surface microstructures leading to fully wettable surfaces. The controlled photo-switching between highly hydrophobic (140°) and fully wettable (7°) photopolymer surfaces enables the introduction of wettability gradients by asym. UV irradiation Linear-shaped gradients rapidly drive a water droplet over a distance of 14 mm. By inscribing the wettability gradient in wedge-shaped patterns, a Laplace pressure gradient is addnl. formed, which allows a directed movement of water droplets over a distance of 22 mm.

Polymer Chemistry published new progress about Carboxylic acids Role: FMU (Formation, Unclassified), FORM (Formation, Nonpreparative). 7575-23-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate), and the molecular formula is C17H28O8S4, Quality Control of 7575-23-7.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Sharma, Kusha published the artcileEntrapment and release kinetics study of dyes from BSA microspheres forming a matrix and a reservoir system, HPLC of Formula: 111-87-5, the main research area is albumin microsphere dissolution encapsulation.

Two kinds of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA)-loaded microspheres were prepared in water-organic bilayer systems using ultrasonic irradiation The first method included an aqueous solution of BSA and water-soluble dye together, mixed with dodecane, that upon sonication formed a matrix system where the dye is concentrated in the protein shell. The other system included an aqueous solution of BSA mixed with octanol-soluble dye that, upon sonication, formed a reservoir system in which the dye filled the inner volume of the microspheres. Each of these microspheres was prepared with two different dyes and their leaching profiles into pure solvents were studied using UV-vis spectrometry. Fast leaching was observed at the beginning for both systems, which leveled-off after a certain time. For the matrix system, an equilibrium state was obtained after 100-200 h, whereas for the reservoir system, leaching occurred much faster, within 1-3 h. Such systems can serve as models for drug delivery agents.

Journal of Materials Chemistry B: Materials for Biology and Medicine published new progress about Blood serum albumins Role: THU (Therapeutic Use), BIOL (Biological Study), USES (Uses). 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, HPLC of Formula: 111-87-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Sun, Xizhen published the artcileCharacterization of the key aroma compounds in aged Chinese Xiaoqu Baijiu by means of the sensomics approach, COA of Formula: C4H10OS, the main research area is Xiaoqu Baijiu aroma compound sensomics China; AEDA; Aged Chinese Xiaoqu Baijiu; Aroma recombination and omission; OAV.

The aromatic characteristics of Xiaoqu Baijiu differ noticeably and were investigated using the sensomics approach. Aroma extract dilution anal. revealed more aroma-active compounds in aged Xiaoqu Baijiu than fresh Xiaoqu Baijiu, with 55 compounds identified with flavor dilution (FD) factors of ≥8. Using sensomics, 51 odorants were identified as important aroma compounds in aged Xiaoqu Baijiu. Omission models suggested that 3-hydroxy-4,5-dimethyl-2(5H)-furanone (sotolon), vanillin, and 3-(methylthio)propionaldehyde (methional) played critical roles in the overall aroma characteristics of aged Xiaoqu Baijiu. Furthermore, 1,1-dimethoxyethane, 3-methylbutanal, di-Me trisulfide, Et acetate, and Et isovalerate also exhibited significant roles in the aroma characteristics of aged Xiaoqu Baijiu. This work may provide a better understanding on Chinese Xiaoqu Baijiu and the changes of aroma compounds during the aging process of liquor.

Food Chemistry published new progress about Aromatic compounds Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, COA of Formula: C4H10OS.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Holub, I. published the artcileImproved metabolic control after 12-week dietary intervention with low glycaemic isomalt in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, COA of Formula: C12H24O11, the main research area is diet polyol isomalt glycemic index diabetes; Palatinit diet glycemic index diabetes carbohydrate metabolism.

The polyol isomalt (Palatinit) is a very low glycemic sugar replacer. The effect of food supplemented with isomalt instead of higher glycemic ingredients like sucrose and/or starch hydrolyzates on metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes was examined in this open study. Thirty-three patients with type 2 diabetes received a diet with foods containing 30 g/d isomalt instead of higher-glycemic carbohydrates for 12 wk. Metformin and/or thiazolidindiones were the only concomitant oral antidiabetics allowed during the study. Otherwise, the participants maintained their usual diet during the test phase, but were instructed to refrain from addnl. sweetened foods. Before start, after 6 wk and 12 wk (completion of the study), blood samples were taken and analyzed for clin. routine parameters, metabolic, and risk markers. Thirty-one patients completed the study. The test diet was well accepted and tolerated. After 12 wk, significant reductions were observed for: glycosylated Hb, fructosamine, fasting blood glucose, insulin, proinsulin, C-peptide, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and oxidized LDL (an atherosclerosis risk factor). In addition, significant lower nonesterified fatty acid concentrations were found in female participants. Routine blood measurements and blood lipids remained unchanged. The substitution of glycemic ingredients by isomalt and the consequent on reduction of the glycemic load within otherwise unchanged diet was accompanied by significant improvement in the metabolic control of diabetes. The present study is in agreement with findings of previous reported studies in human subjects demonstrating beneficial effects of low glycemic diets on glucose metabolism in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.

Hormone and Metabolic Research published new progress about Apolipoprotein A-I Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 64519-82-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol, and the molecular formula is C12H24O11, COA of Formula: C12H24O11.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Gostner, A. published the artcileEffects of isomalt consumption on gastrointestinal and metabolic parameters in healthy volunteers, Quality Control of 64519-82-0, the main research area is isomalt gastrointestine lipid metabolism cholesterol calcium phosphate obesity diabetes.

The polyol isomalt (Palatinit) is a well established sugar replacer. The impact of regular isomalt consumption on metabolism and parameters of gut function in nineteen healthy volunteers was examined in a randomized, double-blind, cross-over trial with two 4-wk test periods. Volunteers received 30 g isomalt or 30 g sucrose daily as part of a controlled diet. In addition to clin. standard diagnostics, biomarkers and parameters currently discussed as risk factors for CHD, diabetes or obesity were analyzed. Urine and stool Ca and phosphate excretions were measured. In addition, mean transit time, defecation frequency, stool consistency and weight were determined Consumption of test products was affirmed by the urinary excretion of mannitol. Blood lipids were comparable in both phases, especially in volunteers with hyperlipidemia, apart from lower apo A-1 (P = 0·03) for all subjects. Remnant-like particles, oxidized LDL, NEFA, fructosamine and leptin were comparable and not influenced by isomalt. Ca and phosphate homeostasis was not affected. Stool frequency was moderately increased in the isomalt phase (P = 0·006) without changes in stool consistency and stool water. This suggests that isomalt is well tolerated and that consumption of isomalt does not impair metabolic function or induce hypercalciuria. In addition, the study data indicate that isomalt could be useful in improving bowel function.

British Journal of Nutrition published new progress about Apolipoprotein A-I Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 64519-82-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol, and the molecular formula is C12H24O11, Quality Control of 64519-82-0.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Zichao published the artcileAnti-diabetic activity evaluation of a polysaccharide extracted from Gynostemma pentaphyllum, Formula: C6H12O6, the main research area is Gynostemma polysaccharide antidiabetic; Anti-diabetic activity; Gynostemma pentaphyllum; Polysaccharide.

In current study, a polysaccharide (GPP) was successfully extracted from Gynostemma pentaphyllum herb. Monosaccharide composition of GPP was rhamnose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid in a molar ratio of 4.11: 7.34: 13.31: 20.99: 1.07: 0.91: 4.75: 0.36. Mol. weight and polydispersity (Mw/Mn) of GPP were 4.070 × 104 Da and 1.037, resp. Primary structure features of GPP were determined to be a polysaccharide by FT-IR and NMR. Fasting blood sugar of diabetic mice decreased from 17.56 mmol/L to 7.42 mmol/L by orally administration of 0.5 mL GPP (1 mg/mL) for 30 days. GPP exhibited a dose-dependent inhibition effect on a-glucosidase activity. Moreover, GPP could inhibit the glucose absorption and affect the protein expression of GLUT2, but not the protein expression of SGLT1. These results indicated GPP could be used as an effective ingredient to prevent and cure diabetes.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Animal gene, SGLT1 Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Formula: C6H12O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts