Month: December 2022

Zhao, Lijuan published the artcileMetabolomics to Detect Response of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) to Cu(OH)2 Nanopesticides: Oxidative Stress Response and Detoxification Mechanisms, Application of (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol, the main research area is copper dioxide nanopesticide lettuce metabolomics oxidative stress detoxification.

There has been an increasing influx of nanopesticides into agriculture in recent years. Understanding the interaction between nanopesticides and edible plants is crucial in evaluating the potential impact of nanotechnol. on the environment and agriculture. Here the authors exposed lettuce plants to Cu(OH)2 nanopesticides (1050-2100 mg/L) through foliar spray for one month. Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) results indicate that 97-99% (1353-2501 mg/kg) of copper was sequestered in the leaves and only a small percentage (1-3%) (17.5-56.9 mg/kg) was translocated to root tissues through phloem loading. Gas Chromatog.-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS) based metabolomics combined with Partial Least Squares-Discriminant Anal. (PLS-DA) multivariate anal. revealed that Cu(OH)2 nanopesticides altered metabolite levels of lettuce leaves. Tricarboxylic (TCA) cycle and a number of amino acid-related biol. pathways were disturbed. Some antioxidant levels (cis-caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, 3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid, dehydroascorbic acid) were significantly decreased compared to the control, indicating that oxidative stress and a defense response occurred. Nicotianamine, a copper chelator, increased by 12-27-fold compared to the control, which may represent a detoxification mechanism. The up-regulation of polyamines (spermidine and putrescine) and potassium may mitigate oxidative stress and enhance tolerance. The data presented here provide a mol.-scale perspective on the response of plants to copper nanopesticides.

Environmental Science & Technology published new progress about Amino acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 64519-82-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol, and the molecular formula is C12H24O11, Application of (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Tedesco, Laura published the artcileAn original amino acid formula favours in vitro corneal epithelial wound healing by promoting Fn1, ITGB1, and PGC-1α expression, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is fibronectin1 integrin beta1 peroxisome proliferator receptor gamma coactivator1 alpha; integrin beta1 invitro corneal epithelial wound healing; Amino acids; Cell migration; Corneal epithelial cells; Fibronectin; Integrin; PGC 1α.

Corneal disorders are frequent, involving most diabetic patients; among its manifestations, they include delayed wound healing. Since maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis is fundamental for the cell, stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis represents a unique therapeutic tool for preventing and treating disorders with a deficit in energy metabolism We have recently demonstrated that a branched-chain amino acid (BCAA)-enriched mixture (BCAAem) supported mitochondrial biogenesis in cardiac and skeletal muscle, reduced liver damage caused by alc., and prevented the doxorubicin-dependent mitochondrial damage in cardiomyocytes. The present study aimed to investigate a new amino acid mixture, named six amino acids (6AA), to promote corneal epithelial wound healing by regulating mitochondrial biogenesis. A murine epithelium cell line (TKE2) exposed to this mixture showed increased mitochondrial biogenesis markers, fibronectin 1 (Fn1) and integrin beta 1 (ITGB1) involved in extracellular matrix synthesis and cell migration. Most importantly, the 6AA mixture completely restored the wound in scratch assays, confirming the potential of this new formula in eye disorders like keratopathy. Moreover, our results demonstrate for the first time that peroxisome proliferator-receptor γ coactivator 1 α (PGC-1α) is expressed in TKE2 cells, which controls mitochondrial function and corneal repair process. These results could be relevant for the treatment mainly focused on corneal re-epithelialisation.

Experimental Eye Research published new progress about Amino acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Diebold, Lauren P. published the artcileMitochondrial complex III is necessary for endothelial cell proliferation during angiogenesis, Computed Properties of 97-67-6, the main research area is endothelial cell proliferation mitochondrial complex III angiogenesis.

Abstract: Endothelial cells (ECs) require glycolysis for proliferation and migration during angiogenesis; however, the necessity for the mitochondrial respiratory chain during angiogenesis is not known. Here we report that inhibition of respiratory chain complex III impairs proliferation, but not migration, of ECs in vitro by decreasing the NAD+/NADH ratio. To determine whether mitochondrial respiration is necessary for angiogenesis in vivo, we conditionally ablate a subunit of the respiratory chain complex III (QPC) in ECs. Loss of QPC decreases respiration, resulting in diminished EC proliferation, and impairment in retinal and tumor angiogenesis. Loss of QPC does not decrease genes associated with anabolism or nucleotide levels in ECs but diminishes amino acid levels. Our findings indicate that mitochondrial respiration is necessary for angiogenesis and that the primary role of mitochondria in ECs is to serve as biosynthetic organelles for cell proliferation.

Nature Metabolism published new progress about Amino acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Computed Properties of 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

de Avila Silva, Lucas published the artcileSpecific leaf area is modulated by nitrogen via changes in primary metabolism and parenchymal thickness in pepper, Safety of (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is pepper parenchymal thickness nitrogen primary metabolism specific leaf area; Capsicum; Chili pepper; Leaf morphology and anatomy; Shade; Tissue density.

Nitrogen promotes changes in SLA through metabolism and anatomical traits in Capsicum plants. Specific leaf area (SLA) is a key trait influencing light interception and light use efficiency that often impacts plant growth and production SLA is a key trait explaining growth variations of plant species under different environments. Both light and nitrogen (N) supply are important determinants of SLA. To better understand the effect of irradiance level and N on SLA in Capsicum chinense, we evaluated primary metabolites and morphol. traits of two com. cultivars (Biquinho and Habanero) in response to changes in both parameters. Both genotypes showed increased SLA with shading, and a decrease in SLA in response to increased N supply, however, with Habanero showing a stable SLA in the range of N deficiency to sufficient N doses. Correlation analyses indicated that decreased SLA in response to higher N supply was mediated by altered amino acids, protein, and starch levels, influencing leaf d. Moreover, in the range of moderate N deficiency to N sufficiency, both genotypes exhibited differences in SLA response, with Biquinho and Habanero displaying alterations on palisade and spongy parenchyma, resp. Altogether, the results suggest that SLA responses to N supply are modulated by the balance between certain metabolites content and genotype-dependent changes in the parenchyma cells influencing leaf thickness and d.

Planta published new progress about Amino acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Safety of (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Xu, Yuan published the artcileThe metabolic origins of non-photorespiratory CO2 release during photosynthesis: a metabolic flux analysis, Name: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is Camelina sativa carbon dioxide photosynthesis metabolic flux analysis.

Respiration in the light (RL) releases CO2 in photosynthesizing leaves and is a phenomenon that occurs independently from photorespiration. Since RL lowers net carbon fixation, understanding RL could help improve plant carbon-use efficiency and models of crop photosynthesis. Although RL was identified more than 75 years ago, its biochem. mechanisms remain unclear. To identify reactions contributing to RL, we mapped metabolic fluxes in photosynthesizing source leaves of the oilseed crop and model plant camelina (Camelina sativa). We performed a flux anal. using isotopic labeling patterns of central metabolites during 13CO2 labeling time course, gas exchange, and carbohydrate production rate experiments To quantify the contributions of multiple potential CO2 sources with statistical and biol. confidence, we increased the number of metabolites measured and reduced biol. and tech. heterogeneity by using single mature source leaves and quickly quenching metabolism by directly injecting liquid N2; we then compared the goodness-of-fit between these data and data from models with alternative metabolic network structures and constraints. Our anal. predicted that RL releases 5.2 μmol CO2 g-1 FW h-1 of CO2, which is relatively consistent with a value of 9.3μmol CO2 g-1 FW h-1 measured by CO2 gas exchange. The results indicated that ≤10% of RL results from TCA cycle reactions, which are widely considered to dominate RL. Further anal. of the results indicated that oxidation of glucose-6-phosphate to pentose phosphate via 6-phosphogluconate (the G6P/OPP shunt) can account for >93% of CO2 released by RL.

Plant Physiology published new progress about Amino acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Name: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Gao, Chao published the artcileUnique Binding Specificities of Proteins toward Isomeric Asparagine-Linked Glycans, Synthetic Route of 59-23-4, the main research area is asparagine Nglycan Siglec protein structure influenza virus infection; N-glycan isomer; N-glycan-binding specificity; chemoenzymatic synthesis; glycan-binding proteins; glycosyltransferases; microarray.

The glycan ligands recognized by Siglecs, influenza viruses, and galectins, as well as many plant lectins, are not well defined. To explore their binding to asparagine (Asn)-linked N-glycans, we synthesized a library of isomeric multiantennary N-glycans that vary in terminal non-reducing sialic acid, galactose, and N-acetylglucosamine residues, as well as core fucose. We identified specific recognition of N-glycans by several plant lectins, human galectins, influenza viruses, and Siglecs, and explored the influence of sialic acid linkages and branching of the N-glycans. These results show the unique recognition of complex-type N-glycans by a wide variety of glycan-binding proteins and their abilities to distinguish isomeric structures, which provides new insights into the biol. roles of these proteins and the uses of lectins in biol. applications to identify glycans.

Cell Chemical Biology published new progress about Agglutinins Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Synthetic Route of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Gonzalez-Alvarez, Rafael Jesus published the artcileA handling-free methodology for rapid determination of Cu species in seawater based on direct solid micro-samplers analysis by high-resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is rapid copper species seawater solid microsampler; resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry; Continuum source solid sampling graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry; Copper speciation; Direct determination; Seawater; Solvent bar.

A simple, sensible and advanced new methodol. for the determination of copper species in seawater was developed. The method consisted of two steps: first a separation/preconcentration of copper species by using liquid phase microextraction-based solvent bars followed by the direct anal. of these solid polymeric micro-samplers in an at. absorption spectrometer provided with a device for direct anal. For liquid microextraction, di-2-pyridylketone benzoylhydrazone (dPKBH) dissolved in octan-1-ol was selected as the extracting agent due to its ability to transport inorganic Cu species from seawater samples. The optimum chem. and phys. conditions for copper micro-extraction were sample pH 8, a dPKBH concentration of 0.010 mol L-1, a stirring speed of 800 rpm and an extraction time of 10 min. A graphite furnace temperature program was optimized to assure the complete elimination of the solvent bar matrix, and the atomization step took place at 2200°. The method exhibited a limit of detection of 0.026 μg L-1 of copper and a linear range up to 1.50 μg L-1, showing great repeatability and reproducibility (4.07% and 4.43%, resp.). Suitability of the method was confirmed by analyzing a certified reference material (CASS-4) under optimum conditions, being the first time ever that a direct solid anal.-based method was used for the determination of total dissolved copper concentration in seawater. Furthermore, the method was applied to the determination of the operationally defined transportable Cu fraction in seawater samples at natural conditions and the results were compared with theor. data provided by Visual MINTEQ 3.1 software. A math. model that permits to estimate total dissolved copper concentration was obtained, and the non-transportable copper fraction was calculated by difference.

Talanta published new progress about High-resolution continuum source graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Flamini, Guido published the artcileEssential oil composition of Salvia rosmarinus spenn. wild samples collected from six sites and different seasonal periods in Elba Island (Tuscan Archipelago, Italy), Synthetic Route of 124-76-5, the main research area is Salvia essential oil 18cineole camphene seasonal climate statistical analysis; 18-cineole; borneol; camphor; geographic origin; statistical analysis; α-pinene.

The hydrodistd. essential oils from eighteen samples of Salvia rosmarinus Spenn. collected in six localities of Elba Island (Tuscany, Italy) during three different seasonal periods were analyzed by GC-MS for the first time. Fifty-five components were identified, representing 96.8-99.6% of the total chem. composition All the tested essential oils were characterized by a high content of monoterpenes (oxygenated 49.2-80.3%; hydrocarbons 18.7-48.3%). Among them, 1,8-cineole (26.4-49.1%), α-pinene (4.5-34.8%), camphor (1.1-18.8%) and borneol (1.7-16.2%) were the main constituents. The high amount of 1,8-cineole/α-pinene/camphor/borneol may suggest the presence of an intermediate rosemary chemotype. Statistical anal. was also performed on the essential oil (EO) composition evidenced an expected difference depending on the collection seasons, to the geog. areas and soil composition A comparison with the essential oil composition from S. rosmarinus collected in all the other islands of Tuscan Archipelago (Italy) was also reported, together with a Multivariate Statistical Anal.

Natural Product Research published new progress about Essential oils Role: THU (Therapeutic Use), BIOL (Biological Study), USES (Uses). 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Synthetic Route of 124-76-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Laurent, Jitka published the artcileThe Potential of Kluyveromyces marxianus to Produce Low-FODMAP Straight-Dough and Sourdough Bread: a Pilot-Scale Study, HPLC of Formula: 505-10-2, the main research area is Kluyveromyces Saccharomyces sourdough bread glucose microbial growth.

Diets low in fermentable oligo-, di-, and monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) can help reduce symptoms in 50 to 80% of patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome. Patients are, therefore, often advised to avoid products contributing to FODMAP intake, such as cereal grain products. However, these products are nutritious staple foods and avoiding their consumption may result in nutritional deficiencies. The development of low-FODMAP, high-fiber cereal grain products is therefore desirable. This pilot-scale study shows that Kluyveromyces marxianus CBS6014 (K. marxianus) results in more fructan hydrolysis and a significantly lower final fructan level in white and whole-grain toast bread as well as in rye sourdough bread compared to a com. Saccharomyces cerevisiae baking strain. Moreover, combined fructan and fructose levels in white and whole-grain bread prepared with K. marxianus remained well below the threshold concentration for low-FODMAP products. In addition to reducing fructan levels, K. marxianus in rye sourdough bread also pos. impacted bread height. Whereas further follow-up studies are needed to assess the potential of K. marxianus for bread production fully, our study suggests that this yeast species may open exciting novel routes for the production of low-FODMAP, high-fiber products.

Food and Bioprocess Technology published new progress about Disaccharides Role: FFD (Food or Feed Use), BIOL (Biological Study), USES (Uses). 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, HPLC of Formula: 505-10-2.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Oba, Sirin published the artcileRheological and melting properties of sucrose-free dark chocolate, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is sucrose free dark chocolate isomalt maltitol.

In this study, sugar-free dark chocolate was produced from isomalt and maltitol by βV seeding technique as an alternative to conventional tempering process. The effect of βV seed concentrations on the particle size distribution (PSD), textural, rheol. and melting properties of the final products were examined and the results were compared with those of conventional sugar-free dark chocolates. For this aim, conched dark chocolates were melted and crystallized with βV seeds which were added at different concentrations (0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 and 1.0%, m/m). According to the results PSD, hardness, rheol. and melting properties were not influenced by seeding technique compared to conventional tempering method. On the other hand, inverse relation was observed between largest particle size and sp. surface area of the samples. Hardness values of isomalt and maltitol including samples were found to change between 15.33-18.79 N. Casson model best described the flow behavior of the sugar-free chocolates. As a result, seeding technique can be used as an alternative method in sugar-free dark chocolate production in terms of quality and phys. properties.

International Journal of Food Properties published new progress about Cocoa butter Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 64519-82-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol, and the molecular formula is C12H24O11, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts