Month: December 2022

Zheng, Beibei published the artcileAssessment of organic acid accumulation and its related genes in peach, HPLC of Formula: 97-67-6, the main research area is Prunus fruits organic acids malate citrate; Citrate; Fruit Quality; GABA; Malate; Peach.

Fruit acidity is an important determinant of peach organoleptic quality, but its regulatory mechanism remains elusive. Measurement of organic acids in ripe fruits of seventy-five peach cultivars revealed the predominant components malate and citrate, accompanied by quinate. Organic acid accumulation increased at early stages of fruit growth, but exhibited a more dramatic reduction in low-acid cultivar during later stages of fruit development compared to high-acid cultivars. Low-acid cultivars showed citrate degradation and less transport of malate into the vacuole due to up- and down-regulation of a GABA pathway gene GAD and a malate transporter gene ALMT9, resp. The NAD-MDH1 gene might control the rate-limiting step in malate synthesis, while three genes, PDK, PK, and ADH, could affect citrate synthesis through the pyruvate-to-acetyl-CoA-to-citrate pathway. Altogether, these results suggested that malate accumulation is controlled at the level of metabolism and vacuolar storage, while metabolism is crucial for citrate accumulation in peach.

Food Chemistry published new progress about Calbindins Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, HPLC of Formula: 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Fu, Yuan published the artcilePhysicochemical characteristics and biological activities of polysaccharides from the leaves of different loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) cultivars, Synthetic Route of 59-23-4, the main research area is Eriobotrya leaf physicochem polysaccharide; Binding properties; Enzyme inhibition; Eriobotrya japonica; Loquat; Polysaccharides; Weight-average molecular weights.

In order to explore polysaccharides from loquat leaves (LLPs) as functional food ingredients for prevention and treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes, the physicochem. characteristics, in vitro binding properties, and inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase of polysaccharides from the leaves of different loquat cultivars, including ‘Baiyu’, ‘Chuannong8’, ‘Yuanbao’, and ‘Dawuxing’, were investigated and compared. Results showed that the contents of total uronic acids and degree of esterification in LLPs ranged from (27.04 ± 1.76)% to (41.46 ± 1.91)%, and from (20.54 ± 0.11)% to (26.90 ± 0.10)%, resp. The weight-average mol. weights of LLPs ranged from 4.307 × 106 Da to 5.101 × 106 Da, and the major constituent monosaccharides of LLPs were rhamnose, galacturonic acid, arabinose, and galactose. Furthermore, LLPs exerted strong in vitro fat binding, cholesterol binding, and bile acid binding capacities, as well as remarkable inhibitory effects on α-amylase and α-glucosidase, which might be attributed to their mol. weights, mol. weight distributions, and degree of esterification. Results are helpful for better understanding of chem. structures and bioactivities of polysaccharides from loquat leaves, and LLPs had good potential to be explored as functional food ingredients for prevention and treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Bile acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Synthetic Route of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Deng, Wenwen published the artcileStructural characterization and hypolipidemic activities of purified stigma maydis polysaccharides, Application In Synthesis of 59-23-4, the main research area is stigma maydis polysaccharide hypolipidemic activity; bile acid‐binding; hyperlipidemia; poloxamer 407; stigma maydis polysaccharide.

This study aimed to investigate structural features and antihyperlipidemic effects of the stigma maydis polysaccharide, termed SMP-1. This polysaccharide was composed of D-mannose, L-rhamnose, D-glucose, D-galactose, L-arabinose, D-xylose, and D-galacturonic acid, with a molar ratio of 1.00:0.21:1.41:1.44:0.70:0.44:0.56. The SMP-1 was mainly bonded by (1 → 6) and (1 → 3) linkages, with various monosaccharides being evenly distributed in the main and side chains. Moreover, SMP-1 had neither triple-helical structure nor mol. aggregation. Importantly, the SMP-1 could effectively bind the bile acids in vitro and significantly lower the total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-d. lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and moderately increase the high-d. lipoprotein cholesterol level in poloxamer 407-induced hyperlipidemic mice. Moreover, pretreatment with SMP-1 (≥300 mg/kg) could remarkably reduce fat accumulation and restore hepatocyte morphol. in the liver of hyperlipidemic mice. Altogether, these findings indicated that SMP-1 could be developed as a safe and effective food supplement for preventing and treating hyperlipidemic disorders.

Food Science & Nutrition (Hoboken, NJ, United States) published new progress about Bile acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Application In Synthesis of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Shabani, Mahzad published the artcileThe effects of Elaeagnus angustifolia L. on lipid and glycemic profiles and cardiovascular function in menopausal women: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, Application of (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol, the main research area is menopausal human cardiovascular function Elaeagnus angustifolia lipid glycemic.

The reduced production of ovarian hormones is considered to be the cause of an increase in the incidence of heart disease in women after menopause. Phytoestrogens are found in various herbal sources and are considered as an alternative to hormone therapy because of structural similarity with estrogen. Elaeagnus angustifolia L., known as Senjed in Persian, is used in Iranian traditional medicine with various medicinal properties, contains valuable compounds, including two types of phytoestrogens. The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of E. angustifolia fruit on the cardiovascular function, lipid and glycemic profiles in postmenopausal women. In this double-blind placebo-controlled clin. trial, 58 postmenopausal women were randomly assigned into two exptl. groups of medicinal herb (15 g/day of the whole E. angustifolia fruit powder) and placebo (15 g/day of isomalt + corn starch). Before the trial and after 10 wk of the treatment, cardiovascular function (heart rate, blood pressure), serum glycemic profile (fasting blood glucose; glycated Hb, HbA1C), insulin and lipid profile (total cholesterol, TC; triglyceride, TG; LDL-C and HDL-C) were measured. Heart rate, and serum level of LDL-C and HDL-C significantly decreased after treatment with E. angustifolia. Changes in glycemic profile were not clin. significant. In addition, some studied biochem. parameters significantly changed in the placebo group. E. angustifolia was somewhat effective in improving cardiovascular function and lipid profile, as well as the overall health of postmenopausal women. However, the use of isomalt and corn starch in menopausal women needs further investigation.

International Journal of Clinical Practice published new progress about Bile acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 64519-82-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol, and the molecular formula is C12H24O11, Application of (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Chen, Ke published the artcileGrowth and metabolomic responses of Pacific white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) to different dietary fatty acid sources and salinity levels, Formula: C12H24O11, the main research area is Litopenaeus dietary fatty acid salinity growth metabolomic analysis.

The outstanding benefits of and strong interest in the inland low-salinity culture of penaeid shrimp have led to the growth of this industry worldwide. This study aimed to explore the effects of dietary fatty acids on shrimp in low-salinity culture. Individuals of the marine white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei were fed one of three diets (coconut oil, fish oil, or an equal mixture of both) of differing fatty acid profiles for eight weeks while being maintained at two different salinities (3 or 30 psu). Then, a GC-TOF/MS-based metabolomics anal. was performed to reveal the regulatory roles of fatty acids in shrimp growth, survival and osmoregulation at two salinities. The shrimp fed the mixed oil diet had higher weight gain and survival, and those fed the diet with only fish oil added exhibited higher unsaturated fatty acid levels in the gills and hepatopancreas irresp. of salinity. Na+/K+-ATPase and total ATPase activities were lowest in the shrimp fed the mixed oil diet at both salinities. When coconut oil was the only lipid source, shrimp tissues contained higher tyrosine, lysine and serine levels at 3 psu than at 30 psu. In contrast, the shrimp fed fish oil as the sole lipid source had higher glucose at 3 psu than at 30 psu. This study indicates that appropriate supplementation of dietary unsaturated and saturated fatty acids can improve shrimp osmoregulation capacity and thus promote shrimp growth and survival in low-salinity water.

Aquaculture published new progress about Amino acids Role: FFD (Food or Feed Use), BIOL (Biological Study), USES (Uses). 64519-82-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol, and the molecular formula is C12H24O11, Formula: C12H24O11.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Hadian, Mojgan published the artcileSustainability by design: automated nanoscale 2,3,4-trisubstituted quinazoline diversity, Safety of 2,2-Dimethoxyethanamine, the main research area is formyl acid preparation amine isocyanide Ugi reaction; amido carboxyquinazoline preparation.

The synthetic execution of a newly designed quinazoline reaction towards a transformative sustainability in chem. was exemplified. This included nanoscale synthesis, deep chem. space exploration, scalability over 6 orders of magnitude from milligram up to 10-g resynthesis of quinazolines enabled by the simultaneous variation of four classes of building blocks. Benefits of our approach include a simple to perform, one-step procedure, mild reaction conditions and access to a very large chem. space through accessing many available building blocks. More than thousand derivatives were produced in an automated fashion on a nanoscale using pos. pressure facilitated dispensing. Along with these advantages, there is a considerable reduction in synthetic effort, reagents, solvent, glass and plastic consumables and power consumption to decrease the footprint of synthetic chem.

Green Chemistry published new progress about Amides Role: PRP (Properties), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), PREP (Preparation). 22483-09-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 2,2-Dimethoxyethanamine, and the molecular formula is C4H11NO2, Safety of 2,2-Dimethoxyethanamine.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Niu, Feng published the artcileAlcohol amination over titania-supported ruthenium nanoparticles, Application In Synthesis of 111-87-5, the main research area is alc amination titania supported ruthenium nanoparticle.

Metal nanoparticles for heterogeneous catalytic reactions are often supported on porous materials. The catalytic performance of supported catalysts usually depends on the size of the metal nanoparticles and catalytic supports. Selective synthesis of valuable primary amines is an important target in the modern industry. In this work, the catalytic performance of TiO2 supported Ru nanoparticles with sizes from 1.4 to 9.9 nm was investigated in both direct gas-phase amination of 1-butanol and liquid-phase amination of 1-octanol into primary amines in the presence of ammonia. Our results suggest that ruthenium nanoparticle size is one of the most important parameters, which affects the catalytic performance of titania supported catalysts in the amination reactions. The selectivity to primary amines is much higher over smaller supported Ru nanoparticles than over larger ones, especially in the liquid-phase amination of 1-octanol. The 95% selectivity to octylamine is obtained over small supported Ru nanoparticles with a diameter of 1.4 nm even at 95% conversion, whereas for larger Ru nanoparticles, the octylamine selectivity drops as the 1-octanol conversion approached 80-90%. The drop of the selectivity to octylamine at higher conversion is due to the increase in the intrinsic rate of octylamine coupling over larger ruthenium nanoparticles. The support can also contribute to some extent to the rate of primary amine self-coupling, while its effect on the overall catalytic performance is not significant for the titania-supported catalysts.

Catalysis Science & Technology published new progress about Alcohols Role: PEP (Physical, Engineering or Chemical Process), PROC (Process). 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Application In Synthesis of 111-87-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Pourmohammadi, Kiana published the artcileThe effect of pre and post-ultrasonication on the aggregation structure and physicochemical characteristics of tapioca starch containing sucrose, isomalt and maltodextrin, Application In Synthesis of 64519-82-0, the main research area is tapioca starch sucrose isomalt maltodextrin ultrasonication aggregation structure; Aggregation structure; Polyol sugar; Starch; Ultrasound-assisted pregelatinization.

The present research investigated the aggregation behaviors of different levels (4, 8 and 12%) of incorporation of sucrose, isomalt and maltodextrin to pre or post- ultrasonication (400 W, 10 min at 60 °C) by fourier transform IR spectroscopy (FTIR), microstructure by SEM (SEM), water absorption, pasting by rapid visco anal. (RVA), and thermal by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). FTIR results showed that the aggregation process between polyol and starch after ultrasonication is more effective than before ultrasonication owning to more hydroxyl groups of polyols are engaged with the hydrogen bonds of starch which is more pronounced peaks at 1500-1750 cm-1, 1700-2700 cm-1 and 3000-3700 cm-1. These findings are in line with the results from SEM anal. The spots, deformations and crosslinking created by the polyols were more significant after ultrasound assisted pregelatinizion. Impact intensity of polyol on starch granule was reduced in the following order: isomalt > sucrose > maltodextrin. RVA profiles showed that through the incorporation of polyols after sonication, were higher in samples pregelatinized in comparison with those before sonication.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Adsorption Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 64519-82-0 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (3R,4R,5R)-6-(((2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy)hexane-1,2,3,4,5-pentaol, and the molecular formula is C12H24O11, Application In Synthesis of 64519-82-0.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Niu, Jinzhong published the artcileFunctional characterization of galectin-3 from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and its regulatory role on monocytes/macrophages, Name: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, the main research area is Oreochromis galectin monocyte macrophage functional characterization; Galectin-3; Inflammation; Monocytes/macrophages; Nile tilapia; Phagocytosis.

Galectin-3 is a kind of β-galactoside-binding lectin involved in host defense against pathogen infection. However, the immune functions of fish galectin-3 remain poorly understood. In this study, the roles of a fish galectin-3 (OnGal-3) from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) on the binding activity on bacterial pathogens or PAMPs, the agglutinating activity on bacterial pathogens and the regulatory effects on monocytes/macrophages activity were investigated. After in vitro challenge of Streptococcus agalactiae and Aeromonas hydrophila, OnGal-3 expressions were significantly up-regulated in monocytes/macrophages. In addition, recombinant OnGal-3(rOnGal-3) protein showed strong binding activity on bacterial pathogens or PAMPs. Also, rOnGal-3 agglutinated Gram-pos. and Gram-neg. bacteria. Moreover, rOnGal-3 could induce the inflammatory factors expressions in monocytes/macrophages and enhance phagocytosis and respiratory burst activity of monocytes/macrophages. These results suggest that fish galectin-3 participates in anti-bacterial immune response through recognizing pathogens and modulating monocytes/macrophages activity.

Fish & Shellfish Immunology published new progress about A zeolites Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Name: (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Sirtori, Francesco published the artcileEffects of genotype and salting time on chemical, physical and sensorial traits of a new pig seasoned meat product ‘Cuore Di Spalla’, Safety of 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, the main research area is Cuore Di Spalla genotype sensory property food.

The aim of this work was to determine the chem., phys. and sensorial characteristics of a cured product called ‘Cuore di Spalla’, resulting from two different pig genotypes (G) and two salting times (S). Fourteen Duroc × Large White (D × LW) and 14 Cinta Senese × Large White (CS × LW), reared in the same condition in outdoor and fed com. mixture The animals were slaughtered at 10 mo of age which corresponds to an average live weight of 143 ± 15 kg for D × LW and 122 ± 15 kg for CS × LW. The right shoulders were salted for 3 days (L) and the left ones for 5 days (H). Phys. (color, texture profile anal.), chem. (moisture; crude protein; IMF; ash; salt; total lipids; fatty acids) and sensorial analyses (by panellists’ group) as well as volatile compounds profile (by SPME-GC-MS technique) were determined at the end of seasoning period. The genotype affected product’s size (1484.3 vs 1857.1 g of final weight for CS × LW and D × LW resp.), chem. characteristics and texture (cohesiveness 0.50 vs 0.53 and springiness 6.73 vs 7.12 for CS × LW and D × LW resp.). Aromatic profile was less affected by the factors considered or at least the panellists were not able to discriminate the effect. The main family of volatile compounds affected by genotype was alcs. Salting time seemed to affect only the parameters closely related to salt (16.52 vs 15.33% of salt and 5.15 vs 4.35 for saltiness in H vs L resp.).

Italian Journal of Animal Science published new progress about Fatty acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study). 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Safety of 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts