Month: December 2022

Bird, Matthew J. published the artcileMeasuring rates of ATP synthesis, Name: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is digitonin ATP mitochondria measuring rate; ATP synthesis; Bioenergetics; Mitochondria; Oxidative phosphorylation; Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS); β-oxidation.

Here, we offer you a high-throughput assay to measure the ATP synthesis capacity in cells or isolated mitochondria. More specifically, the assay is linked to the mitochondrial’ electron transport chain components of your interest being either through complex I (with or without a linkage to pyruvate dehydrogenase activity), through complex II, or through the electron transport flavoprotein and complex I (beta-oxidation of fatty acids).

Methods in Molecular Biology (New York, NY, United States) published new progress about Cell membrane. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Name: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Guo, Qingwen published the artcileHypoglycemic effects of polysaccharides from corn silk (Maydis stigma) and their beneficial roles via regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in L6 skeletal muscle myotubes, SDS of cas: 59-23-4, the main research area is Maydis stigma polysaccharide hypoglycemia alpha glucosidase skeletal muscle cell; Corn silk polysaccharides; Hypoglycemia; L6 myotubes; PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

In the present study, the physicochem. properties of polysaccharides from corn silk (CSP) with different mol. weights were characterized and their inhibitory actions against α-glucosidase and α-amylase were evaluated. Then their effects on glucose uptake and mechanism of action in PI3K/Akt signaling pathway were also determined in L6 skeletal muscle cells. Results demonstrated that CSP could significantly inhibit a-amylase and a-glucosidase. CSP were non-toxic and they considerably increased the 2-NBDG uptake (P < 0.05) in L6 cells. Addnl., CSP regulated the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway and promoted the translocation of GLUT4 to the plasma membrane that would enhanced the glucose uptake in rat L6 skeletal muscle cells. Among the tested polysaccharides, CSP2 with the mol. weight of 62.16 kDa exerted appreciable hypoglycemic activity. Altogether it was suggested that CSP could be the promising candidate in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The elucidation of the potential anti-diabetic mechanism of the polysaccharides from corn silk will facilitate their utilization in the functional food industries. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Cell membrane. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, SDS of cas: 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Amador-Sanchez, Yoarhy A. published the artcileDiversity-Oriented Synthesis of Highly Fluorescent Fused Isoquinolines for Specific Subcellular Localization, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is fluorescent fused isoquinoline cell.

A multicomponent diversity-oriented synthesis of new highly emissive tetracyclic isoquinolines that target specific organelles is described. The title compounds were prepared via a three-step protocol starting with an Ugi four-component reaction, followed by either an intramol. alkyne hydroarylation and subsequent alkene isomerization or through a Pomeranz-Fritsch-type cyclization with a final intramol. Heck reaction. Subcellular localization studies of these compounds using green channel confocal microscopy revealed remarkable and distinctive distribution patterns in live cells, showing an unprecedented high selectivity and imaging contrast. The differentiated organelle visualization-including localizers for mitochondria, lysosomes, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, and plasma membrane-was achieved by varying the nature of the tetracyclic system and substituent pattern, changing the original four-component set in the starting Ugi reaction.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about Cell membrane. 22483-09-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 2,2-Dimethoxyethanamine, and the molecular formula is C4H11NO2, Category: alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Roulet, Julia published the artcileModification of PapA5 acyltransferase substrate selectivity for optimization of short-chain alcohol-derived multimethyl-branched ester production in Escherichia coli, COA of Formula: C8H18O, the main research area is acyltransferase Mycobacterium tuberculosis Escherichia coli; Acyltransferase; Mutant variants; Polyketide-associated protein; Substrate selectivity.

Abstract: Plant waxes are interesting substitutes of fossil-derived compounds; however, their limited sources and narrow structural diversity prompted the development of microbial platforms to produce esters with novel chem. structures and properties. One successful strategy was the heterologous expression of the mycocerosic polyketide synthase-based biosynthetic pathway (MAS-PKS, PapA5 and FadD28 enzymes) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Escherichia coli. This recombinant strain has the ability to produce a broad spectrum of multimethyl-branched long-chain esters (MBE) with novel chem. structures and high oxidation stability. However, one limitation of this microbial platform was the low yields obtained for MBE derived of short-chain alcs. In an attempt to improve the titers of the short-chain alc.-derived MBE, we focused on the PapA5 acyltransferase-enzyme that catalyzes the ester formation reaction. Specific amino acid residues located in the two-substrate recognition channels of this enzyme were identified, rationally mutated, and the corresponding mutants characterized both in vivo and in vitro. The phenylalanine located at 331 position in PapA5 (F331) was found to be a key residue that when substituted by other bulky and aromatic or bulky and polar amino acid residues (F331W, F331Y or F331H), gave rise to PapA5 mutants with improved bioconversion efficiency; showing in average, 2.5 higher yields of short-chain alc.-derived MBE compared with the wild-type enzyme. Furthermore, two alternative pathways for synthesizing ethanol were engineered into the MBE producer microorganism, allowing de novo production of ethanol-derived MBE at levels comparable with those obtained by the external supply of this alc. Key points: • Mutation in channel 2 changes PapA5 acyltransferase bioconversion efficiency. • Improved production of short-chain alc. derived multimethyl-branched esters. • Establishing ethanologenic pathways for de novo production of ethanol derived MBE. • Characterization of a novel phenylethanol-derived MBE.

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology published new progress about Escherichia coli. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, COA of Formula: C8H18O.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Sun, Weixiao published the artcileEffective Control of Particle Size and Electron Density of Pd/C and Sn-Pd/C Nanocatalysts for Vanillin Production via Base-Free Oxidation, Formula: C8H18O, the main research area is nanocatalyst palladium carbon tin vanillyl alc oxidation vanillin preparation.

The effective control of particle size and electron d. of metal active sites is challenging yet important for supported nanoparticles, as size effects and promoter effects play vital roles in heterogeneous catalysis on the nanoscale. In this work, we report Pd/C and Sn-Pd/C nanocatalysts for the base-free aerobic oxidation of vanillyl alc. to vanillin, a challenging reaction not only in the fundamental research of selective oxidation of alcs. but also for the practical transformation of bio-based alcs. to value-added chems. We effectively tuned the mean size of Pd nanoparticles from 1.8 to 6.7 nm by varying the temperature used for catalyst preparation and further modified the electron d. of the Pd/C catalyst by adding a SnO2 promoter with different loadings. TEM, HAADF-STEM, XPS, CO chemisorption, and in situ DRIFT-IR of CO adsorption characterizations allowed us to get insight into the unique catalytic properties of Pd nanocatalysts. It was conjectured that the base-free aerobic oxidation of vanillyl alc. to vanillin over the Pd/C catalyst can be a structure-sensitive reaction and the Pd particle size was decisive for the dispersion of Pd, the proportion of catalytically active Pd0 sites, and the intrinsic turnover frequency (iTOF). The 1 weight % Pd/C (1.8 nm) catalyst showed an iTOF value of 268 h-1 and 100% yield to vanillin at 120°C, 5 bar of O2, and 20 mg of the catalyst within 9 h. We further demonstrated that Sn4+ ions in SnO2 as an electronic promoter can promote Pd/C activity by the formation of highly active, electron-sufficient Pd0 sites which significantly lowered the apparent activation energy of reaction. The 0.1Sn-Pd/C catalyst showed a higher iTOF value of 458 h-1 and a yield of 100% to vanillin at 120°C, 3 bar of O2 and 15 mg of the catalyst within 6 h. Moreover, we verified a satisfying reusability and an adequate substrate scope over the 0.1Sn-Pd/C catalyst.

ACS Catalysis published new progress about Electron density. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Formula: C8H18O.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Cerofolini, Linda published the artcileSynthesis and binding monitoring of a new nanomolar PAMAM-based matrix metalloproteinases inhibitor (MMPIs), Quality Control of 87905-98-4, the main research area is preparation PAMAM dendrimer matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor dry eye syndrome; Dendrimers; Inhibitors; Metalloproteins; NMR spectroscopy; Sulphonamidic scaffold.

Dendrimers are efficient drug delivery systems particularly useful in ocular diseases. In particular, low generation PAMAM dendrimers are non-toxic and non-immunogenic and they provide an enhancement of the residence time of drugs in the eyes. In this context, the synthesis of the PAMAM-based matrix metalloproteinases inhibitor 5, is reported. In particular, we demonstrated that 5 strongly binds (18.0 nM ± 2.5 nM) MMP-9, the most relevant MMP responsible of ocular surface damages in induced dry eyes syndrome (DES).

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Dry eye syndrome. 87905-98-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is Benzyl (5-hydroxypentyl)carbamate, and the molecular formula is C13H19NO3, Quality Control of 87905-98-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Portella, Roberto de Oliveira published the artcileKinetin establish the volatile chemical profile after rhizome dormancy is released in Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe, Synthetic Route of 124-76-5, the main research area is Curcuma rhizome dormancy volatile chem profile kinetin; Metabolic pattern; bud dormancy; monoterpene; terpenes; volatile substances.

The aim of this work was to provide information about kinetin effects on chem. volatile profile of Curcuma zedoaria (Christm.) Roscoe after several days of plant dormancy release. Rhizomes of C. zedoaria were immersed in four kinetin concentrations (0, 50, 100, 150 mg ml-1, n = 12 by each concentration) for 30 min. After 240 h of treatment, root length (mm), bud break (%) and bud speed index (BSI) were measured, and three rhizomes at 24 h and 240 h were collected for chem. volatile profile anal. by application of headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Kinetin does not alter morphol. aspects of the bud dormancy releasing, but drastically changes metabolic aspects of volatile production on C. zedoaria rhizomes, by the selection of several monoterpenes, such as camphene, sabinene, isoborneol, borneol, 1,8-cineole. We assume that kinetin application maintain monoterpene production as a consequence of its signaling over dormancy release.

Natural Product Research published new progress about Curcuma zedoaria. 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, Synthetic Route of 124-76-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Warner, John J. published the artcile3D printable non-isocyanate polyurethanes with tunable material properties, Product Details of C17H28O8S4, the main research area is printable nonisocyanate polyurethane tunable material property.

Green chem.-based non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPU) are synthesized and 3D-printed via rapid, projection photopolymerization into compliant mechanisms of 3D structure with spatially-localized material properties. Trimethylolpropane allyl ether-cyclic carbonate is used to couple the unique properties of two types of reaction chem.: (1) primary diamine-cyclic carbonate ring-opening conjugation for supplanting conventional isocyanate-polyol reactions in creating urethane groups, with the addnl. advantage of enabling modular segment interchangeability within the diurethane prepolymers; and (2) thiol-ene (click) conjugation for non-telechelic, low monodispersity, quasi-crystalline-capable, and alternating step-growth co-photopolymerization The extent of how these processes utilize mol. tunability to affect material properties were investigated through measurement-based comparison of the various polymer compositions: frequency-related dynamic mech. anal., tension-related elastic-deformation mech. anal., and material swelling anal. Stained murine myoblasts cultured on NIPU slabs were evaluated via fluorescent microscopy for “”green-chem.”” affects on cytocompatibility and cell adhesion to assess potential biofouling resistance. 3D multi-material structures with micro-features were printed, thus demonstrating the capability to spatially pattern different NIPU materials in a controlled manner and build compliant mechanisms.

Polymer Chemistry published new progress about Copolymerization. 7575-23-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate), and the molecular formula is C17H28O8S4, Product Details of C17H28O8S4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Cipullo, Miriam published the artcileHuman GTPBP5 is involved in the late stage of mitoribosome large subunit assembly, Synthetic Route of 97-67-6, the main research area is GTPBP5 FASTKD4 mitoribosome large subunit assembly.

Human mitoribosomes are macromol. complexes essential for translation of 11 mitochondrial mRNAs. The large and the small mitoribosomal subunits undergo a multistep maturation process that requires the involvement of several factors. Among these factors, GTP-binding proteins (GTPBPs) play an important role as GTP hydrolysis can provide energy throughout the assembly stages. In bacteria, many GTPBPs are needed for the maturation of ribosome subunits and, of particular interest for this study, ObgE has been shown to assist in the 50S subunit assembly. Here, we characterize the role of a related human Obg-family member, GTPBP5. We show that GTPBP5 interacts specifically with the large mitoribosomal subunit (mt-LSU) proteins and several late-stage mitoribosome assembly factors, including MTERF4:NSUN4 complex, MRM2 methyltransferase, MALSU1 and MTG1. Interestingly, we find that interaction of GTPBP5 with the mt-LSU is compromised in the presence of a non-hydrolysable analog of GTP, implying a different mechanism of action of this protein in contrast to that of other Obg-family GTPBPs. GTPBP5 ablation leads to severe impairment in the oxidative phosphorylation system, concurrent with a decrease in mitochondrial translation and reduced monosome formation. Overall, our data indicate an important role of GTPBP5 in mitochondrial function and suggest its involvement in the late-stage of mt-LSU maturation.

Nucleic Acids Research published new progress about Computer program. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Synthetic Route of 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

da Silva, Marliane Cassia Soares published the artcileProcessing techniques and microbial fermentation on microbial profile and chemical and sensory quality of the coffee beverage, Computed Properties of 97-67-6, the main research area is coffee beverage chem sensory quality microbial fermentation.

Post-harvest processing and microbial fermentation of coffee fruits play an essential role in the metabolites formation that influence the nutritional and sensory quality of the beverage. Thus, the objective of this study was to analyze the effect of coffee cherries processing and fermentation conditions on the microbial communities and the chem. and sensory quality of the beverage. Induced fermentation changed in the bacteria and fungi communities (Treatments: T1, T3, and T7). Klebsiella sp. inoculation (T1) allowed an increase in richness of bacteria and 81 points in the sensory score over the fermentation time. However, there was a reduction in richness of microbial community in treatments with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (T3 and T7). An increase in the indexes of microbial diversity was observed in 72 h in treatment with coffee pulp (T2). In treatment with coffee cherries and spontaneous fermentation (T4) had a higher sensory score than other treatments, indicating a sensory gain from 36 to 72 h. Coffee cherries with superficial disinfection (T5) had a reduction in microbial profile, but did not change the final score of the beverage over the 72 h. In T6 (floaters fruits) was observed an alteration in the fungal community (36-72 h) and the lowest sensory score. The impact of adding water on coffee fermentation was dependent on time (T3 and T7). Furthermore, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural has a pos. correlation with the final score of the beverage. Thus, microbial profile and sensory score of beverages are dependent of conditions of processing of coffee fruits and fermentation

European Food Research and Technology published new progress about Coffee beverages. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Computed Properties of 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts