Month: December 2022

Zhao, Yiqing published the artcileColorectal cancers utilize glutamine as an anaplerotic substrate of the TCA cycle in vivo, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, the main research area is colorectal cancer tricarboxylic acid glutamine anaplerotic substrate.

Cancer cells in culture rely on glutamine as an anaplerotic substrate to replenish tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates that have been consumed. but it is uncertain whether cancers in vivo depend on glutamine for anaplerosis. Here, following in vivo infusions of [13C5]-glutamine in mice bearing s.c. colon cancer xenografts, we showed substantial amounts of infused [13C5]-glutamine enters the TCA cycle in the tumors. Consistent with our prior observation that colorectal cancers (CRCs) with oncogenic mutations in the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic (PIK3CA) subunit are more dependent on glutamine than CRCs with wild type PIK3CA, labeling from glutamine to most TCA cycle intermediates was higher in PIK3CA-mutant s.c. xenograft tumors than in wild type PIK3CA tumors. Moreover, using orthotopic mouse colon tumors estalished from human CRC cells or patient-derived xenografts, we demonstrated substantial amounts of infused [13C5]-glutamine enters the TCA cycle in the tumors and tumors utilize anaplerotic glutamine to a greater extent than adjacent normal colon tissues. Similar results were seen in spontaneous colon tumors arising in genetically engineered mice. Our studies provide compelling evidence CRCs utilizes glutamine to replenish the TCA cycle in vivo, suggesting that targeting glutamine metabolism could be a therapeutic approach for CRCs, especially for PIK3CA-mutant CRCs.

Scientific Reports published new progress about Blood plasma. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Recommanded Product: (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Lehto, Alina published the artciless-Hydroxybutyrate Improves Mitochondrial Function After Transient Ischemia in the Mouse, Formula: C4H6O5, the main research area is ischemia mitochondrial function beta hydroxybutyrate; Complex I; Complex II; Glucose; Microdialysis; Oxidative phosphorylation; Stroke.

Abstract: ss-Hydroxybutyrate (BHB) is a ketone body formed in high amounts during lipolysis and fasting. Ketone bodies and the ketogenic diet were suggested as neuroprotective agents in neurodegenerative disease. In the present work, we induced transient ischemia in mouse brain by unilaterally occluding the middle cerebral artery for 90 min. BHB (30 mg/kg), given immediately after reperfusion, significantly improved the neurol. score determined after 24 h. In isolated mitochondria from mouse brain, oxygen consumption by the complexes I, II and IV was reduced immediately after ischemia but recovered slowly over 1 wk. The single acute BHB administration after reperfusion improved complex I and II activity after 24 h while no significant effects were seen at later time points. After 24 h, plasma and brain BHB concentrations were strongly increased while mitochondrial intermediates (citrate, succinate) were unchanged in brain tissue. Our data suggest that a single administration of BHB may improve mitochondrial respiration for 1-2 days but not for later time points. Endogenous BHB formation seems to complement the effects of exogenous BHB administration.

Neurochemical Research published new progress about Blood plasma. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Formula: C4H6O5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ghiarone, Thaysa published the artcileTwice-a-day training improves mitochondrial efficiency, but not mitochondrial biogenesis, compared with once-daily training, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is glycogen mitochondria skeletal muscle exercise biogenesis; carbohydrate; exercise training; glycogen; mitochondria; transmission electron microscopy.

Exercise training performed with lowered muscle glycogen stores can amplify adaptations related to oxidative metabolism, but it is not known if this is affected by the “”train-low”” strategy used (i.e., once-daily vs. twice-a-day training). Fifteen healthy men performed 3 wk of an endurance exercise (100-min) followed by a high-intensity interval exercise 2 (twice-a-day group, n = 8) or 14 h (once-daily group, n = 7) later; therefore, the second training session always started with low muscle glycogen in both groups. Mitochondrial efficiency (state 4 respiration) was improved only for the twice-a-day group (group x training interaction, P < 0.05). However, muscle citrate synthase activity, mitochondria, and lipid area in intermyofibrillar and subsarcolemmal regions, and PGC1a, PPARa, and electron transport chain relative protein abundance were not altered with training in either group (P > 0.05). Markers of aerobic fitness (e.g., peak oxygen uptake) were increased, and plasma lactate, O2 cost, and rating of perceived exertion during a 100-min exercise task were reduced in both groups, although the reduction in rating of perceived exertion was larger in the twice-a-day group (group x time x training interaction, P < 0.05). These findings suggest similar training adaptations with both training low approaches; however, improvements in mitochondrial efficiency and perceived effort seem to be more pronounced with twice-a-day training. Journal of Applied Physiology published new progress about Blood plasma. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Shi, Xiao-Chen published the artcileFumarate disproportionation by Geobacter sulfurreducens and its involvement in biocorrosion and interspecies electron transfer, Application In Synthesis of 97-67-6, the main research area is Geobacter fumarate disproportionation biocorrosion electron transfer; Biocorrosion; C4-dicarboxylate; Geobacter; Interspecies electron transfer; Metabolic disproportionation; iron-rich sediment.

The model electroactive bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens can acquire electrons directly from solid donors including metals and other species. Reports on this physiol. concluding that solid donors are the only electron sources were conducted with fumarate believed to serve exclusively as the terminal electron acceptor (TEA). Here, G. sulfurreducens was repeatedly transferred for adaptation within a growth medium containing only fumarate and no other solid or soluble substrate. The resulting evolved strain grew efficiently with either the C4-dicarboxylate fumarate or malate acting simultaneously as electron donor, carbon source, and electron acceptor via disproportionation. Whole-genome sequencing identified 38 mutations including one in the regulator PilR known to repress the expression of the C4-dicarboxylate antiporter DcuB essential to G. sulfurreducens when growing with fumarate. Futhermore, the PilR mutation was identical to the sole mutation previously reported in an evolved G. sulfurreducens grown in a co-culture assumed to derive energy solely from direct interspecies electron transfer, but cultivated with fumarate as the TEA. When cultivating the fumarate-adapted strain in the presence of stainless steel and fumarate, biocorrosion was observed and bacterial growth was accelerated 2.3 times. These results suggest that G. sulfurreducens can conserve energy concomitantly from C4-dicarboxylate disproportionation and the oxidation of a solid electron donor. This co-metabolic capacity confers an advantage to Geobacter for survival and colonization and explains in part why these microbes are omnipresent in different anaerobic ecosystems.

Science of the Total Environment published new progress about Biocorrosion. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Application In Synthesis of 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Churakova, Olga V. published the artcileCompound-specific carbon isotope patterns in needles of conifer tree species from the Swiss National Park under recent climate change, Application In Synthesis of 97-67-6, the main research area is Pinus Larix needle isotope climate change Switzerland; Abiotic stress; Adaptation; Carbohydrates; Climate; Forest dieback; Organic acids; Tree needles.

Elevated CO2 along with rising temperature and water deficits can lead to changes in tree physiol.and leaf biochem. These changes can increase heat- and drought-induced tree mortality. We aim to reveal the impacts of climatic drivers on individual compoundsat the leaf level among European larch (Larix decidua) and mountain pine (Pinus mugo) trees, which are widely distributed at high elevations. We investigated seasonal carbon isotope composition(δ13C) and concentration patterns of carbohydrates and organic acids in needles of these two different species from a case study in the Swiss National Park (SNP). We found that averageand min.air temperatures were the main climatic drivers of seasonal variation of δ13C in sucrose and glucose as well as in concentrationsof carbohydrates and citric acid/citrate in needles of both tree species. The impact of seasonal climatic drivers on larch and mountain pine trees at the needle level is in line with our earlier study in this region for long-term changes at the tree-ring level. We conclude that the species-specific changes in δ13C and concentrationsof carbohydrates and organic acids are sensitive indicators of changes in the metabolic pathways occurring as a result of climatic changes.

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (Issy-les-Moulineaux, France) published new progress about Biochemistry. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Application In Synthesis of 97-67-6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Yu, Shijie published the artcileBiphasic biocatalysis using a CO2-switchable Pickering emulsion, Safety of n-Octanol, the main research area is biphasic biocatalysis carbon dioxide nitrogen switchable Pickering emulsion; enzymic hydrolysis esterification switchable Pickering emulsion.

Biphasic biocatalyzes such as the hydrolysis of olive oil and the esterification of octanol with oleic acid were performed in a CO2/N2-switchable Pickering oil-in-water emulsion stabilized by silica nanoparticles hydrophobized in situ by a CO2/N2-switchable surfactant (N,N-dimethyldodecylamine). Compared with biphasic systems, the enzyme in the Pickering emulsions displays a higher reaction efficiency, and demulsification and recycling of the enzyme can be simply realized by bubbling with N2/CO2. Moreover, the recycled enzyme still possesses significant catalytic activity.

Green Chemistry published new progress about Biocatalysis. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Safety of n-Octanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Luo, Ming published the artcileHighly grafted functional polymer for promoting mechanical properties of EPDM/NFMs composite, Recommanded Product: Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate), the main research area is grafted acrylic acid EPDM composite carbon black thermal.

It is of a great challenge to apply nonmetal fractions (NMFs) of waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) as reinforcing fillers in rubbers. In this paper, a typical amorphous synthetic rubber, ethylene propylene terpolymer (EPDM), is used as the model material to investigate the mech. properties of EPDM/NMFs composites. A multifunctional grafting monomer containing two thiol groups and two carboxyl groups is designed and synthesized. The monomer is used to synthesize highly grafted EPDM-g-AA via melt grafting. Tensile strength of EPDM/NMFs composite sharply increases to 18 MPa when 10phr of EPDM-g-AA is used. The grafted polymer also significantly improves the thermal oxidation resistance. It can be expected that the strategy is able to be expanded to other rubber systems and opens the door to application of NMFs in rubber industry.

Polymer Bulletin (Heidelberg, Germany) published new progress about Ball milling. 7575-23-7 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate), and the molecular formula is C17H28O8S4, Recommanded Product: Pentaerythritol tetra(3-mercaptopropionate).

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ling, Meng-Qi published the artcileFlavor profile evolution of bottle aged rose and white wines sealed with different closures, Name: 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, the main research area is rose white wine bottle aging closure flavor evolution; bottle aging; closures; flavor profile; rosé wines; white wines.

Bottle aging is the final stage before wines are drunk, and is considered as a maturation time when many chem. changes occur. To get a better understanding of the evolution of wines’ flavor profile, the flavor compounds (phenolic and volatile compounds), dissolved oxygen (DO), and flavor characters (OAVs and chromatic parameters) of rose and dry white wines bottled with different closures were determined after 18 mo’ bottle aging. The results showed the main phenolic change trends of rose wines were decreasing while the trends of white wines were increasing, which could be the reason for their unique DO changing behaviors. Volatile compounds could be clustered into fluctuating, increasing, and decreasing groups using k-means algorithm. Most volatile compounds, especially some long-chain aliphatic acid esters (octanoates and decanoates), exhibited a lower decrease rate in rose wines sealed with natural corks and white wines with screw caps. After 18 mo of bottle aging, wines treated with natural corks and their alternatives could be distinguished into two groups based on flavor compounds via PLS-DA. As for flavor characters, the total intensity of aroma declined obviously compared with their initial counterparts. Rose wines exhibit visual difference in color, whereas such a phenomenon was not observed in white wines.

Molecules published new progress about Autoxidation. 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Name: 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Misharina, T. A. published the artcileInhibition of Autoxidation of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids by Clove and Oregano Essential Oils, SDS of cas: 124-76-5, the main research area is Eugenia Origanum essential oil synergism polyunsaturated fatty acid autoxidation.

Abstract: Inhibition of the autoxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acid Me esters isolated from fish oil by essential oils of clove, oregano and their mixture has been studied. Their content was determined after 1-6 mo of autoxidation by capillary gas chromatog. to assess antioxidant efficiency. It has been shown that the essential oils of clove and oregano and their combination effectively inhibited the autoxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The degree of this inhibition depended on the structure of fatty acids and the composition of their mixtures, as well as on the essential oil content and duration of autoxidation It was shown that an increase in the number of double bonds in unsaturated acid mols. resulted in a decreased resistance of their esters to oxidation In the control, 97% of monounsaturated acids and only 9% of docosahexaenoic acid remained after 3 mo of autoxidation Clove essential oils at concentrations of 2 and 4% inhibited oxidation with equal efficiency; after 3 mo, 86-91% of esters of acids with five and six double bonds remained. Oregano essential oil was less effective as an antioxidant than the clove. Thus, up to 79% of Me eicosapentaenoate and 73% of Me docosahexaenoate remained after 3 mo of autoxidation in its presence. After 6 mo of autoxidation, the Me eicosapentaenoate and docosahexaenoate contents were 67 and 54% in the presence of 4% clove oil and only 11 and 7%, resp., with 1% oil. The inhibitory activity of 4% oregano oil and 2% clove oil turned out to be almost the same, and a similar content of all unoxidized acids was observed in the presence of 1% oils. A mixture of clove and oregano essential oils showed an additive antioxidant effect on arachidonic and eicosapentaenoic acids esters and a synergistic effect on docosahexaenoic acid ester.

Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology published new progress about Autoxidation. 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, SDS of cas: 124-76-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Li, Yimeng published the artcileStructural characterization, antiproliferative and immunoregulatory activities of a polysaccharide from Boletus Leccinum rugosiceps, Computed Properties of 59-23-4, the main research area is Leccinum breast carcinoma LRP1 antiproliferative immunoregulatory activity hepatoma cell; Antitumor; Immunomodulatory; Leccinum rugosiceps; Polysaccharide; Structure.

A homogeneous water-soluble flaky polysaccharide named LRP-1 (18.82 kDa) was extracted and purified from the rare edible and medicinal fungi Leccinum rugosiceps. The structure characterization of LRP-1 was analyzed by GPC, GC, GC-MS, FT-IR, SEM, 1D/2D NMR, and its antitumor and immunoregulatory activities were determined The results show that LRP-1 is a new polysaccharide with a backbone which is mainly composed of â†?-α-D-Fucp-3â†? â†?-α-D-Rhap-3â†? â†?-β-D-Glcp-6â†? â†?-β-D-Glcp-3â†? â†?-α-D-Glcp-4â†? â†?-β-D-Galp-6 â†?and â†?-α-D-Manp-6â†? Results of MTT assay show that LRP-1 inhibit the growth of human hepatoma cells HepG-2 and human breast carcinoma MCF-7 cells in vitro. LRP-1 could also induce the secretion of NO and immune factors (IL-6 and TNF-α) of RAW264.7. This study suggests that LRP-1 has potential to be used as nutraceutical food with antitumor and immunoregulatory activities.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about Autoxidation. 59-23-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3S,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhexanal, and the molecular formula is C6H12O6, Computed Properties of 59-23-4.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts