Month: December 2022

Cheng, Hao published the artcileSynthesis and Enzyme-Specific Activation of Carbohydrate-Geldanamycin Conjugates with Potent Anticancer Activity, Product Details of C13H19NO3, the main research area is glycosylation enzyme prodrug therapy galactosidase synthesis geldanamycin antitumor monosaccharide; human geldanamycin synthesis anticancer antibiotic Hsp90 glucosidase inhibitor hydroxymethydihydroxypyrrolidine.

Geldanamycin (GA) is a potent anticancer antibiotic that inhibits Hsp90. Its potential clin. utility is hampered by its severe toxicity. To alleviate this problem, we synthesized a series of carbohydrate-geldanamycin conjugates for enzyme-specific activation to increase tumor selectivity. The conjugation was carried out at the C-17-position of GA. Their anticancer activity was tested in a number of cancer cell lines. The enzyme-specific activation of these conjugates was evaluated with β-galactosidase and β-glucosidase. Evidently, glycosylation of C-17-position converted GA to an inactive prodrug before enzyme cleavage. Glucose-GA, as pos. control, showed anticancer activity with IC50 of 70.2-380.9 nM in various cancer cells by β-glucosidase activation inside of the tumor cells, which was confirmed by 3-fold inhibition using β-glucosidase specific inhibitor [2,5-dihydroxymethy-3,4-dihydroxypyrrolidine (DMDP)]. Compared to glucose-GA, galactose- and lactose-GA conjugates exhibited much less activity with IC50 greater than 8000-25 000 nM. However, when galactose- and lactose-GA were incubated with β-galactosidase in the cells, their anticancer activity was enhanced by 3- to 40-fold. The results suggest that GA can be inactivated by glycosylation of C-17-position and reactivated for anticancer activity by β-galactosidase. Therefore, galactose-GA can be exploited in antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT) with β-galactosidase for enzyme-specific activation in tumors to increase tumor selectivity.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Antibiotics. 87905-98-4 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is Benzyl (5-hydroxypentyl)carbamate, and the molecular formula is C13H19NO3, Product Details of C13H19NO3.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Kulkarni, Seema A. published the artcileIn vitro and in silico evaluation of antifungal activity of cassia (Cinnamomum cassia) and holy basil (Ocimum tenuiflorum) essential oils for the control of anthracnose and crown-rot postharvest diseases of banana fruits, COA of Formula: C10H18O, the main research area is Cinnamomum Ocimum Musa acuminataantifungal essential oil anthracnose.

Abstract: Anthracnose and crown-rot postharvest diseases of banana fruit are responsible for major postharvest losses of the fruit. For natural control of these diseases, in vitro antifungal activity of cassia and holy basil essential oils was evaluated by disk volatilization method. Cassia essential oil at 6μL per plate exhibited 100% growth inhibition of both the causative fungal pathogens, namely Colletotrichum musae and Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Holy basil essential oil was capable of completely inhibiting the growth of L. theobromae at 6μL per plate, whereas it could inhibit C. musae up to 96% at 10μL per plate. Mol. docking and conceptual DFT studies have been performed to ascertain the components of essential oils responsible for antifungal activity based on their binding affinities to chitin synthase protein and chem. behavior. Components, such as eugenol, cinnamyl acetate, caryophyllene, humulene and trans-calamenene, may most likely be responsible for high activity of the tested essential oils as per the in silico results.

Chemical Papers published new progress about Anthracnose. 124-76-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is rel-(1R,2R,4R)-1,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, and the molecular formula is C10H18O, COA of Formula: C10H18O.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Meklesh, Viktoriia published the artcileBending elastic modulus of a polymer-doped lyotropic lamellar phase, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is bending elastic modulus polymer doped lyotropic lamellar phase; Adsorbing polymer; Deuterium NMR; Lyotropic lamellar phase; Mean bending elastic constant.

The effect of inserting a neutral water-soluble adsorbing polymer on the flexibility of amphiphilic bilayers in a lamellar phase is investigated. The Lα system is a stack of charged undulating bilayers composed of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and octanol separated by aqueous solutions of polyethylene glycol (PEG). The mean bending elastic modulus κ is determined from the quadrupole splittings in the solid state NMR spectra of the perdeuterated octanol chains embedded in the membranes that undergo collective fluctuations. Parameters for describing the membrane behavior (bilayer thickness, elastic compressibility modulus, order parameter) are obtained by supplementing the NMR data with complementary experiments (x-ray scattering), NMR spectral simulations, and theor. considerations. A fairly complete picture of the membrane rigidity emerges for any location in the lamellar phase thanks to a broad sweep of the lamellar domain by systematically varying the membrane fraction along dilution lines as well as the polymer composition The most remarkable result is the difference between dilute and semi-dilute regimes. In the dilute PEG solution, no (or slight pos. shift) polymer contribution to the rigidity curvature of the layered system is noted within the exptl. resolution ( â‰?0.3 kBT) and κ remains around 2.7 kBT. In contrast, the membrane rigidity increases steadily upon polymer addition once the crossover concentration cp* is exceeded, amounting to a 60% increase in κ at polymer concentration 2.5 cp* in the aqueous interlayers. These results are discussed with regard to the theor. expectation of membrane rigidification upon irreversible polymer adsorption.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science published new progress about Amphiphiles. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Song, Shaofei published the artcileCrystallization-Driven Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Triblock Terpolymers With Two Corona-Forming Blocks of Distinct Hydrophilicities, Safety of n-Octanol, the main research area is self assembly amphiphilic triblock terpolymer polyferrocenyldimethylsilane methacrylate.

We report the synthesis and studies of self-assembly in solution of two related polyferrocenyldimethylsilane (PFS) ABC triblock terpolymers (TTPs), in which the BC blocks are amphiphilic comb diblock copolymers, PFS27-b-POEGMA180-b-PTDMA178 and PFS27-b-PTDMA181-b-POEGMA166. The subscripts refer to the mean ds.p. Crystallization-driven self-assembly of these TTPs was studied in four alc. solvents of decreasing polarity. Poly(tetradecyl methacrylate) (PTDMA) has limited solubility in 1-butanol below 45°C, whereas POEGMA exhibits upper critical solution temperature (UCST) behavior in 1-hexanol (27°C), 1-octanol (38°C), and 1-decanol (42°C). Consequently, the corona component below its UCST would be in a collapsed or microphase-separated state. PFS27-b-POEGMA180-b-PTDMA178 dissolved in hot 1-hexanol, 1-octanol, and 1-decanol and formed long rodlike micelles upon cooling. Micelle fragments generated by sonication served as seeds for both seeded growth and self-seeding experiments, leading to rodlike micelles of uniform length. PFS27-b-PTDMA181-b-POEGMA166 exhibited similar behavior in 1-butanol. The characteristic that these experiments have in common is that the outer block of the corona exhibits good solubility in the medium. PFS27-b-PTDMA181-b-POEGMA166 in the more hydrophobic alcs. behaved differently. Seeded growth experiments led to raftlike objects made up of 5-10 rodlike micelles of similar length, lined up side-by-side. The length of the rods, and hence the length of the rafts, increased linearly with the unimer-to-seed ratio. Self-seeding experiments with these micelle fragments, particularly in 1-octanol and 1-decanol, also led to raftlike objects built up from uniform rodlike micelle building block. We propose a model for raft formation based on the idea that at T < UCST for the outer POEGMA block, there is an attractive interaction between the corona blocks of the micelles. This attraction is strong enough to promote association but not strong enough to lead to precipitation Parallel alignment of the adjacent micelles of similar length maximizes the interaction between them. Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) published new progress about Amphiphiles. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Safety of n-Octanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Li, Shanlong published the artcileCoarse-Grained Model of Thiol-Epoxy-Based Alternating Copolymers in Explicit Solvents, Safety of n-Octanol, the main research area is coarse grained model thiol epoxy alternating copolymer explicit solvent.

The cosolvent method has been widely used in the self-assembly of amphiphilic alternating copolymers (ACPs), but the role of good and selective solvents is rarely investigated. Here, we have developed a coarse-grained (CG) model for the widely studied thiol-epoxy-based amphiphilic ACPs and a three-bead CG model for THF as the good solvent, which is compatible with the MARTINI water model. The accuracy of both the CG polymer and THF models was validated by reproducing the structural and thermodn. properties obtained from experiments or atomistic simulation results. D. in bulk, the radius of gyration, and solvation free energy in water or THF showed a good agreement between CG and atomistic models. The CG models were further employed to explore the self-assembly of ACPs in THF/water mixtures with different compositions Chain folding and liquid-liquid phase separation behaviors were found with increasing water fractions, which were the key steps of the self-assembly process. This work will provide a basic platform to explore the self-assembly of amphiphilic ACPs in solvent mixtures and to reveal the real role of different solvents in self-assembly.

Journal of Physical Chemistry B published new progress about Amphiphiles. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, Safety of n-Octanol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Ouyang, Guanghui published the artcileSelf-assembly of chiral supra-amphiphiles, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is review amphiphile self assembly chiral catalysis.

Supra-amphiphiles provide a brand-new powerful strategy for the construction of functional materials and have shown fascinating prospects in a variety of fields. When merged with chirality science, the concept of chiral supra-amphiphiles arises, which is an important subclass of supra-amphiphiles. In this review, we have provided a general introduction to the concept and design principle of chiral supra-amphiphiles as well as their self-assemblies. We have also highlighted some progress of chiral supra-amphiphiles in several application fields, such as chiroptical switches, chiral recognition, chiral catalysis and chiral luminescent soft materials. Although some elegant reviews have comprehensively looked back at the development and achievement of supra-amphiphiles, their research progress in chirality science has not been well summarized. We hope this review will provide useful guidance and understanding of self-assembly of chiral supra-amphiphiles, which we believe will benefit scientists in both colloidal chem. and chirality science.

Materials Chemistry Frontiers published new progress about Amphiphiles. 97-67-6 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (S)-2-hydroxysuccinic acid, and the molecular formula is C4H6O5, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Wang, Jihong published the artcileSynthesis of an Oxidation-Sensitive Polyphosphoester Bearing Thioether Group for Triggered Drug Release, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks, the main research area is polyphosphoester oxidation tumor antitumor photodynamic therapy photosensitizer paclitaxel.

In this work, novel amphiphilic diblock copolymers of polyethylene glycol and polyphosphoester with pendant thioether groups, denoted as mPEG-b-PMSPEP, were synthesized through the ring-opening polymerization of functionalized cyclic phosphoester monomer using methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) and Sn(Oct)2 as the macroinitiator and catalyst, resp. The successful synthesis was confirmed by 1H, 13C, 31P NMR and gel permeation chromatog. (GPC). These amphiphilic block copolymers self-assembled spontaneously in the aqueous solution, and the formed nanoparticles were sensitive to the oxidation that induced the hydrophobic to hydrophilic transition for its PMSPEP core under triggering of H2O2 and the subsequent dissociation of the nanoparticles. In addition, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by light and the photosensitizer were also capable of carrying out the oxidation of these nanoparticles. Their oxidation profiles were systemically evaluated by 1H NMR. Finally, the mPEG-b-PMSPEP nanoparticles were used to coencapsulate the photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) and anticancer drug paclitaxel (PTX), achieving the photoaccelerated PTX release via oxidation of the nanoparticles by the generated ROS under light irradiation Meanwhile, the in vitro cytotoxicity assays indicated that these nanoparticles coencapsulated with PTX and Ce6 showed a combined cell-killing effect toward MDA-MB-231 tumor cells, exhibiting great potential for drug delivery systems that realize the synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy for cancer treatment.

Biomacromolecules published new progress about Amphiphiles. 505-10-2 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is 3-(Methylthio)propan-1-ol, and the molecular formula is C4H10OS, Related Products of alcohols-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Schreiber, Andreas published the artcilePrebiotic Protocell Model Based on Dynamic Protein Membranes Accommodating Anabolic Reactions, SDS of cas: 111-87-5, the main research area is prebiotic protocell model protein membrane anabolism evolution.

The nature of the first prebiotic compartments and their possible minimal mol. composition is of great importance in the origin of life scenarios. Current protocell model membranes are proposed to be lipid-based. This paradigm has several shortcomings such as limited membrane stability of monoacyl lipid-based membranes (e.g., fatty acids), missing pathways to synthesize protocell membrane components (e.g., phospholipids) under early earth conditions, and the requirement for different classes of mols. for the formation of compartments and the catalysis of reactions. Amino acids on the other hand are known to arise and persist with remarkable abundance under early earth conditions since the fundamental Miller-Urey experiments They were also postulated early to form protocellular structures, for example, proteinoid capsules. Here, we present a protocell model constituted by membranes assembled from amphiphilic proteins based on prebiotic amino acids. Self-assembled dynamic protein membrane-based compartments (PMBCs) are impressively stable and compatible with prevalent cellular membrane constituents forming protein-only or protein-lipid hybrid membranes. They can embed processes essential for extant living cells, such as enclosure of mols., membrane fusion, phase separation, and complex biosynthetic elements from modern cells demonstrating “”upward”” compatibility. Our findings suggest that prebiotic PMBCs represent a new type of protocell as a possible ancestor of current lipid-based cells. The presented prebiotic PMBC model can be used to design artificial cells, important for the study of structural, catalytic, and evolutionary pathways related to the emergence of life.

Langmuir published new progress about Amphiphiles. 111-87-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is n-Octanol, and the molecular formula is C8H18O, SDS of cas: 111-87-5.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Gigg, Roy published the artcileUse of the allyl ether as a protecting group in a new synthesis of L-lyxose, Recommanded Product: (2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-(Allyloxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, the main research area is .

Crystalline 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-D-galactose was prepared from allyl 6-O-allyl- 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-α-D-galactopyranoside by isomerization of the allyl groups to prop-1-enyl groups and removal by dilute-acid hydrolysis. Reduction by NaBH4 gave crystalline 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-D- galactitol which was converted into 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-L-lyxose by oxidation with NaIO4. Catalytic hydrogenation gave L-lyxose.

Journal of the Chemical Society published new progress about Allyl group. 2595-07-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-(Allyloxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, and the molecular formula is C9H16O6, Recommanded Product: (2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-(Allyloxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts

Nkosana, Noreen K. published the artcileSynthesis, kinetics and inhibition of Escherichia coli Heptosyltransferase I by monosaccharide analogues of Lipid A, COA of Formula: C9H16O6, the main research area is drug resistance heptosyltransferase inhibition KDO ulosonic acid preparation; protein dynamic mechanism inhibition HepI enzyme antibiotic antibacterial; mol docking enzyme substrate inhibitor allosteric binding conformation; lipid monosaccharide Escherichia coli kinetic synthesis heptosyltransferase inhibition; Allosterism; AutoDock Vina; GT-B; Glycosyltransferase; Heptosyltransferase; Inhibition kinetics; Inhibitor design; LPS; Lipopolysaccharide; Structural rearrangement.

Gram-neg. bacteria comprise the majority of microbes that cause infections that are resistant to pre-existing antibiotics. The complex cell wall architecture contributes to their ability to form biofilms, which are often implicated in hospital-acquired infections. Biofilms promote antibiotic resistance by enabling the bacteria to survive hostile environments such as UV radiation, pH shifts, and antibiotics. The outer membrane of Gram-neg. bacteria contains lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which plays a role in adhesion to surfaces and formation of biofilms. The main focus of this work was the synthesis of a library of glycolipids designed to be simplified analogs of the Lipid A, the membrane embedded portion component of LPS, to be tested as substrates or inhibitors of Heptosyltransferase I (HepI or WaaC, a glycosyltransferase enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of LPS). Fourteen analogs were synthesized successfully and characterized. While these compounds were designed to function as nucleophilic substrates of HepI, they all demonstrated mild inhibition of HepI. Kinetic characterization of inhibition mechanism identified that the compounds exhibited uncompetitive and mixed inhibition of HepI. Since both uncompetitive and mixed inhibition result in the formation of an Enzyme-Substrate-inhibitor complex, mol. docking studies (using AutoDock Vina) were performed, to identify potential allosteric binding site for these compounds The inhibitors were shown to bind to a pocket formed after undergoing a conformational change from an open to a closed active site state. Inhibition of HepI via an allosteric site suggest that disruption of protein dynamics might be a viable mechanism for the inhibition of HepI and potentially other enzymes of the GT-B structural class.

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters published new progress about Allosterism. 2595-07-5 belongs to class alcohols-buliding-blocks, name is (2R,3R,4S,5R,6R)-2-(Allyloxy)-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4,5-triol, and the molecular formula is C9H16O6, COA of Formula: C9H16O6.

Referemce:
Alcohol – Wikipedia,
Alcohols – Chemistry LibreTexts